TY - BOOK PB - BAYER CROPSCIENCE T2 - Pflanzenschutz UR - http://www.bayercropscience.de/de/pf/ ID - 3 ER - TY - JOUR DO - - 10.1023/a:1026582012290 IS - - 1-2 LA - - English N1 - - Kluwer Academic Publishers SN - - 0032-079X SP - - 283-290 T2 - - Plant and Soil ID - 3373 ER - TY - JOUR DO - - 10.1023/a:1009788411566 IS - - 2-3 LA - - English N1 - - Kluwer Academic Publishers SN - - 1385-1314 SP - - 151-163 T2 - - Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems ID - 3381 ER - TY - JOUR DO - - 10.1007/s10661-010-1755-2 IS - - 1-4 LA - - English N1 - - Springer Netherlands SN - - 0167-6369 SP - - 31-45 T2 - - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ID - 3425 ER - TY - JOUR DO - - 10.1007/s00442-003-1477-z IS - - 1 LA - - English N1 - - Springer-Verlag SN - - 0029-8549 SP - - 89-97 T2 - - Oecologia ID - 3461 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.biodiv.at/chm/situation/klima.htm ST - BIODIV TI - BIODIV ID - 4 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://images.google.at/imgres?imgurl=http://www.denatuur.be/temp/es_page_sections_img_thumb_8104_.j pg&imgrefurl=http://www.denatuur.be/pages/junikever.html&h=391&w=488&sz=59&hl=de&start=13&tbnid= bhy4JqVRMPpAkM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAmphimallon%2Bsolstitiale%26gbv%3 D2%26ndsp%3D18%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dde%26sa%3DN ST - De Natur TI - De Natur ID - 5 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://gis2.stmk.gv.at/da3easy/viewer.aspx?karte=adr ST - Digitaler Atlas Steiermark TI - Digitaler Atlas Steiermark ID - 6 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.e-nema.de/biological01.php ST - e-nema TI - e-nema ID - 7 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://bfw.ac.at/rz/bfwcms.web?dok=2967 ST - eBOD- die digitale Bodenkarte TI - eBOD- die digitale Bodenkarte ID - 8 ER - TY - GEN ST - ENVIRON 2006 TI - ENVIRON 2006 UR - http://www.ucd.ie/environ2006/ ID - 9 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.gis.steiermark.at/cms/ziel/73713/DE/ ST - GIS-Stmk - Digitaler Atlas der Steiermark – easy TI - GIS-Stmk - Digitaler Atlas der Steiermark – easy ID - 10 ER - TY - WEB ET - http://www.umwelt.steiermark.at/cms/ziel/16178332/DE/ ST - KLIMAATLAS STEIERMARK TI - KLIMAATLAS STEIERMARK ID - 11 ER - TY - RPRT ST - KlimaExWoSt – Stadtklimaloste: Internationales Beispiel: Rotterdam TI - KlimaExWoSt – Stadtklimaloste: Internationales Beispiel: Rotterdam UR - http://www.stadtklimalotse.net/assets/KlimaExWoSt-Beispiel-Rotterdam.pdf (abgerufen: 21.02.2013) ID - 12 ER - TY - WEB ET - HTTP://WWW.BOKU.AC.AT/IMP/EDUCATION/KLIMAC/STKAP4CO.DOC ST - KLIMATOGRAPHIE VON ÖSTERREICH TI - KLIMATOGRAPHIE VON ÖSTERREICH ID - 13 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 83903962X CN - RB Erfurt A 010 ET - 7., gänzlich neubearb. u. vermehrte Aufl. N1 - Abb., Kt. ; 25 cm. SP - 1050 S ST - Meyers kleines Konversations-Lexikon : in sechs Bänden 6. @Schönberg bis Zywiec und Nachträge TI - Meyers kleines Konversations-Lexikon : in sechs Bänden 6. @Schönberg bis Zywiec und Nachträge UR - http://susi.e-technik.uni-ulm.de:8080/Meyers2/seite/werk/meyers/band/7/seite/0271/meyers_b7_s0271.html ID - 14 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.ausgabe.natur-lexikon.com/ ST - Natur-Lexikon TI - Natur-Lexikon ID - 15 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://images.google.at/imgres?imgurl=http://www.werle.com/foto/makro/t6rws.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wer le.com/foto/makro/t6.htm&h=445&w=580&sz=27&hl=de&start=1&tbnid=cbpVN9k0CNr2YM:&tbnh=103&tbn w=134&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPhyllopertha%2Bhorticola%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dde ST - RWS TI - RWS ID - 16 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.unigraz.at/geowww/schulatlassteiermark/downloads/klima/klima_thema.pdf ST - SCHULATLAS STEIERMARK TI - SCHULATLAS STEIERMARK ID - 17 ER - TY - GEN ST - Statistik Austria, 2013a. Gebäude- und Wohnungsregister TI - Statistik Austria, 2013a. Gebäude- und Wohnungsregister ID - 3490 ER - TY - GEN N1 - http://www. statis- tik.at/web_de/services/publikationen/9/index.html (06.03.2013) ST - Statistik Austria, 2013b. Konjunkturstatistik im Produzierenden Bereich 2011 - Band 2: Pro- duktionsergebnisse nach (Ö)CPA 2008 und ÖPRODCOM TI - Statistik Austria, 2013b. Konjunkturstatistik im Produzierenden Bereich 2011 - Band 2: Pro- duktionsergebnisse nach (Ö)CPA 2008 und ÖPRODCOM ID - 3491 ER - TY - GEN N1 - http://statcube.at/superwebguest/ auto- Load.do?db=deprogue1 (06.03.2013) ST - Statistik Austria, 2013c. Gütereinsatzstatistik. TI - Statistik Austria, 2013c. Gütereinsatzstatistik. ID - 3492 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.zamg.ac.at/index.php3 ST - ZAMG TI - ZAMG ID - 18 ER - TY - LEGAL PY - 1968 TI - TA-Lärm - Technische Anleitung zum Schutz gegen Lärm. Allgemeine Verwaltungsvorschrift über genehmigungsbedürftige Anlagen nach § 16 der Gewerbeordnung ID - 19 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Krishnaiah, P. R. A2 - Kanal, L. N. CY - Amsterdam KW - Cluster_analysis Software Discriminant_analysis LB - krishnaiah1982 PB - Elsevier Science Publishers PY - 1982 SP - 903 pp. ST - Classification, pattern recognition and reduction of dimensionality T2 - Handbook of Statistics TI - Classification, pattern recognition and reduction of dimensionality ID - 20 ER - TY - WEB PY - 1990 SP - http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/umwelt/raumordnung/flaechennutzung/corine/ ST - CORINE Land Cover TI - CORINE Land Cover ID - 21 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Wmo CY - Geneva, Switzerland LB - wmor1992a PB - Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization PY - 1992 ST - International meteorological vocabulary TI - International meteorological vocabulary VL - WMO/OMN/BMO-No.182 ID - 22 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Erdatmosphäre, Deutschland Enquete-Kommision Schutz der CY - Bonn LB - debu95a PB - Deutscher Bundestag, Economia Verlag PY - 1995 SP - 1540 ST - Mehr Zukunft für die Erde TI - Mehr Zukunft für die Erde ID - 23 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Savotikov, Yu F. A2 - I., Smetnik A. N1 - (Hrsg.) PB - Arnika, Nizhnyj Novgorod PY - 1995 ST - [The handbook of pests, diseases and weeds having quarantine importance for the territory of the Russian Federation.] Arnika, Nizhnyj Novgorod (in Russisch). TI - [The handbook of pests, diseases and weeds having quarantine importance for the territory of the Russian Federation.] (in Russisch) ID - 24 ER - TY - JOUR PY - 1998 SP - 45-47. ST - Ambrosia artemisiifolia - known distribution half a century after the first record in Slovenia T2 - Hladnikia TI - Ambrosia artemisiifolia - known distribution half a century after the first record in Slovenia VL - 10 ID - 25 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Forests, Ministerial Conference for the Protection of European LB - mcpe1998a PB - Bundesministerium für Land und Forstwirtschaft PY - 1998 SP - 93 ST - Beschlüsse und Resolutionen der Dritten Ministerkonferenz zum Schutz der Wälder in Europa TI - Beschlüsse und Resolutionen der Dritten Ministerkonferenz zum Schutz der Wälder in Europa ID - 26 ER - TY - RPRT CY - Bern - Selbstverlag PY - 1998 ST - Endverbrauch des Holzes in der Schweiz 1996 TI - Endverbrauch des Holzes in der Schweiz 1996 ID - 3476 ER - TY - LEGAL CY - Amtsblatt der Europäischen Gemeinschaften L 162/1 PB - Rat der EU PY - 1998 T2 - Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1165/98 TI - VERORDNUNG DES RATES vom 19. Mai 1998 über Konjunkturstatistiken ID - 3497 ER - TY - GEN DA - 26. Juli LB - pres00 PB - Pressetext, Austria PY - 2000 ST - Verschwinden der Amphibien hat viele Ursachen TI - Verschwinden der Amphibien hat viele Ursachen ID - 27 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Christensen, J. A2 - Hulme, M. A2 - von Storch, Hans A2 - Jones, R. A2 - Mearns, L. A2 - Fu, C. LB - ipcc2001a PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2001 ST - Climate Change 2001 - The Scientific Basis TI - Climate Change 2001 - The Scientific Basis ID - 28 ER - TY - RPRT DA - May 2 LB - un2002 PB - United Nations, European Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) PY - 2002 ST - Handbook for estimating the socio-economic and environmental effects of disasters, LC/MEX/L.519 TI - Handbook for estimating the socio-economic and environmental effects of disasters, LC/MEX/L.519 ID - 29 ER - TY - BOOK PB - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft PY - 2004 ST - Hydrologischer Atlas Österreichs TI - Hydrologischer Atlas Österreichs VL - Kapitel 4.2 ID - 30 ER - TY - CONF CY - Wien PY - 2004 ST - ÖROK-Prognosen 2001-2031, Teil 1: Bevölkerung und Arbeitskräfte nach Regionen und Bezirken Österreichs T2 - Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz (ÖROK) TI - ÖROK-Prognosen 2001-2031, Teil 1: Bevölkerung und Arbeitskräfte nach Regionen und Bezirken Österreichs ID - 31 ER - TY - RPRT PY - 2005 ST - Das Starkregen-und Hochwasserereigniss des Augustes 2005 in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch TI - Das Starkregen-und Hochwasserereigniss des Augustes 2005 in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch ID - 32 ER - TY - JOUR PY - 2005 ST - Das Starkregen-und Hochwasserereigniss des Augustes 2005 in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch TI - Das Starkregen-und Hochwasserereigniss des Augustes 2005 in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch ID - 33 ER - TY - WEB PB - IIASA PY - 2006 ST - EUROPE - MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE 1 KM TI - EUROPE - MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE 1 KM UR - HTTP://WWW.IIASA.AC.AT/RESEARCH/LUC/GIS/CLIM_EUR.HTM ID - 34 ER - TY - BOOK PB - IIASA PY - 2006 ST - EUROPE - MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE 1 KM TI - EUROPE - MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE 1 KM UR - HTTP://WWW.IIASA.AC.AT/RESEARCH/LUC/GIS/CLIM_EUR.HTM ID - 35 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Land Tirol, Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung, Gruppe Agrar, 6020 Innsbruck PY - 2006/2007 ST - Grüner Bericht über die Lage der Tiroler Land- und Forstwirtschaft TI - Grüner Bericht über die Lage der Tiroler Land- und Forstwirtschaft ID - 36 ER - TY - GEN PY - 2007 ST - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf das klimatische Tourismuspotenzial T2 - StartCLIM2006.D2 TI - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf das klimatische Tourismuspotenzial ID - 37 ER - TY - BOOK PB - OECD Publishing PY - 2007 SN - 9789264031692 ST - Climate Change in the European Alps Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management: Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management TI - Climate Change in the European Alps Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management: Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=HwJ7ekNVh6QC ID - 3503 ER - TY - CONF CY - Davos, Switzerland PY - 2007 ST - Davos Declaration T2 - Climate change and tourism responding to global challenges TI - Davos Declaration ID - 38 ER - TY - WEB CY - Stadt Lucern PY - 2007 ST - Öko-Forum T2 - Stichword Maikäfer TI - Öko-Forum UR - http://www.oekoforum.ch/downloads/Maikaefer.pdf ID - 39 ER - TY - WEB PY - 2007 SP - http://systemsresearch.arcs.ac.at/projects/climate/ ST - Reclip:more (2007): research for climate protection - model run evaluation TI - Reclip:more (2007): research for climate protection - model run evaluation ID - 40 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Solomon, Susan A4 - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate, Change A2 - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Working Group, Science AN - 22417326X CY - Nairobi DB - HeBIS-Verbundkatalog LA - eng N1 - Universität Mainz, Fachbereich 09, Chemie, Pharmazie und Geowissenschaften, Bibliothek für Geographie und Geowissenschaften <77/110> [Signatur: 037 - 39] PB - UNEP PY - 2007 SN - 92-9169-121-6 SP - VIII, 142 S. ST - [Climate change 2007] : The physical science basis : summary for policymakers and technical summary and frequently asked questions ; part of the Working Group I contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change T2 - Climate change 2007 TI - [Climate change 2007] : The physical science basis : summary for policymakers and technical summary and frequently asked questions ; part of the Working Group I contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ID - 41 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Willner, Wolfgang A2 - Drescher, Anton AN - 189013990 DB - HeBIS-Verbundkatalog ET - 1. Aufl. KW - Waldgesellschaft / Österreich LA - ger N1 - Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg <30> [Signatur: 88.474.79, Bd. 2] Universität Frankfurt, Bibliothek Naturwissenschaften (BNat) <30/3> [Signatur: 09/WI 6250 W738-2] Technische Universität Darmstadt, Bibliothek Biologie (BB) <17/5> [Signatur: -005-M 2,3. 27] Universität Gießen, Universitätsbibliothek Gießen <26> [Signatur: FH bot Dw 0.33-2] Universität Marburg, Bibliothek Biologie <4/151> [Signatur: N 370:18/2] PY - 2007 SP - 290 S. ST - [Die Wälder und Gebüsche Österreichs] : Tabellenband T2 - Die Wälder und Gebüsche Österreichs ; 2 TI - [Die Wälder und Gebüsche Österreichs] : Tabellenband UR - http://scans.hebis.de/HEBCGI/show.pl?18901399_toc.pdf ID - 42 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft CY - Wien PY - 2007/2008 ST - Grüner Bericht Bericht über die Situation der österreichischen Land- und Forstwirtschaft TI - Grüner Bericht Bericht über die Situation der österreichischen Land- und Forstwirtschaft ID - 43 ER - TY - BOOK CY - Stuttgart PB - Stuttgart : Verband Region Stuttgart PY - 2008 SN - 978-3-00-024951-8 SP - 167 S. ST - Klimaatlas Region Stuttgart TI - Klimaatlas Region Stuttgart ID - 44 ER - TY - GEN PB - Institut für Ernährungswissenschaften Universität Wien PY - 2008 ST - Österreichischer Ernährungsbericht 2008 TI - Österreichischer Ernährungsbericht 2008 ID - 45 ER - TY - WEB PY - 2009 SP - http://bfw.ac.at/rz/bfwcms.web?dok=7066 ST - eBod TI - eBod ID - 46 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 094080046 CY - Wien DB - SWB Online-Katalog LA - ger N1 - Forst-Jahrbuch Ersch. jährl. Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek <14> [19 8 07881] Hochschule für Forstwirtschaft <955> [Signatur: ZS Öst] Hochschule für Forstwirtschaft <955> [ZS Öst] PB - Österr. Agrarverl. PY - 2009 ST - Österreichisches Forst-Jahrbuch T2 - Forst-Jahrbuch TI - Österreichisches Forst-Jahrbuch ID - 47 ER - TY - GEN PY - 2010 ST - xyyy TI - xyyy ID - 48 ER - TY - GEN PY - 2011 RN - www.gruenerbericht.at ST - Grüner Bericht 2011 TI - Grüner Bericht 2011 ID - 3346 ER - TY - JOUR C7 - 321084 DO - 10.1155/2012/321084 PY - 2012 SP - 7 ST - Declining Bark Beetle Densities (Ips typographus, Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from Infested Norway Spruce Stands and Possible Implications for Management T2 - Psyche TI - Declining Bark Beetle Densities (Ips typographus, Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from Infested Norway Spruce Stands and Possible Implications for Management UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/321084 VL - 2012 ID - 49 ER - TY - LEGAL PY - 2012 T2 - Chemische Bodenuntersuchungen - Bestimmung von mine- ralischem Stickstoff durch Extraktion mit Calciumchloridlösung - Nmin-Methode TI - ÖNORM 2012. ÖNORM L 1091 ID - 3365 ER - TY - GEN ET - erstellt von DI Martina Kaml. GZ.: 03 / 1108 / RO / 01.2 - ÖEK | DATUM: 27. März 2013 | ERGÄNZT AM: 25.09.2013 PY - 2013 ST - Flächenwidmungsplan der Stadtgemeinde Trieben 4.00 TI - Flächenwidmungsplan der Stadtgemeinde Trieben 4.00 ID - 3612 ER - TY - GEN ET - erstellt von DI Martina Kaml. GZ.: 03 / 1108 / RO / 01.2 - ÖEK | DATUM: 27. März 2013 | ERGÄNZT AM: 25.09.2013 PY - 2013 ST - Örtliches Entwicklungskonzept (ÖEK) der Stadtgemeinde Trieben 4.00 TI - Örtliches Entwicklungskonzept (ÖEK) der Stadtgemeinde Trieben 4.00 ID - 3613 ER - TY - GEN AU - (ISDR), I. S. f. D. R. PY - 2004 ST - Terminology of disaster risk reduction, UN/ISDR TI - Terminology of disaster risk reduction, UN/ISDR ID - 50 ER - TY - RPRT AU -, International Energy Agency CY - Paris N1 - (IEA) PY - 2000 RP - (IEA) ST - Experience curves for energy technologies TI - Experience curves for energy technologies ID - 51 ER - TY - RPRT AU -, Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz CY - Wien N1 - (ÖROK) PY - 2004 RP - (ÖROK) ST - ÖROK-Prognosen 2001-2031, Teil 1: Bevölke-rung und Arbeitskräfte nach Regionen und Bezirken Österreichs TI - ÖROK-Prognosen 2001-2031, Teil 1: Bevölke-rung und Arbeitskräfte nach Regionen und Bezirken Österreichs ID - 52 ER - TY - WEB AU - Inc., 1105 Media M1 - 3.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://eponline.com/articles/2010/05/18/wolf-street-block-wins-cool-roof-philadelphia-aims-to-be-greenest.aspx?admgarea=News ID - 53 ER - TY - WEB AU - 2E ERNEUERBARE ENERGIEN GmbH & Co. KG M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2008 ST - Igniscum – Die Kraft der Natur TI - Igniscum – Die Kraft der Natur UR - http://www.2e-erneuerbare-energien.de ID - 54 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Abbruzzetti, G. AU - Grande, C. PY - 1999 SP - 36-39 ST - Prove di lotta al tripide americano Frankliniella occidentalis su uva da tavola con lメimpiego di chlorfenapyr T2 - Informatore Fitopatoplogico 49(11) TI - Prove di lotta al tripide americano Frankliniella occidentalis su uva da tavola con lメimpiego di chlorfenapyr ID - 55 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Abderhalden, W. PY - 2005 SP - Bd. 92. ST - Raumnutzung und sexuelle Segregation beim Alpensteinbock, Capra ibex ibex. Nationalpark-Forschung in der Schweiz. TI - Raumnutzung und sexuelle Segregation beim Alpensteinbock, Capra ibex ibex. Nationalpark-Forschung in der Schweiz ID - 56 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Abegg, B. CY - Bern PB - vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich PY - 1996 SN - 3 7281 2372 2 ST - Klimaänderung und Tourismus T2 - Klimafolgenforschung am Beispiel der Wintertourismus in der Schweizer Alpen Schlussbericht NFP 31 TI - Klimaänderung und Tourismus ID - 57 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Abegg, B. AU - Beniston, M. AU - Bisang, O. AU - Elsasser, H. AU - Flückiger, S. AU - Gutermann, T. AU - Haller, M. AU - M, Hansen S. AU - Jeker, R. AU - Knoepfel, I. AU - Kunz, P. AU - Marthaler, D. AU - Oeschger, H. AU - Philibert, C. AU - Rieder, P. AU - Suter, H. LB - abegg1996 PB - vdf Hochschulverlag der ETH Zürich PY - 1996 ST - Klimarisiken - Herausforderung Für Die Schweizer Wirtschaft: Thesen Zu Klimänderungen und Naturkatastrophen TI - Klimarisiken - Herausforderung Für Die Schweizer Wirtschaft: Thesen Zu Klimänderungen und Naturkatastrophen ID - 58 ER - TY - GEN AU - Abermann, Jakob AU - Seiser, Bernd AU - Meran, Ingrid AU - Stocker-Waldhuber, Martin AU - Goller, Markus AU - Fischer, Andrea DO - 10.1594/pangaea.806960 M3 - doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.806960 PB - PANGAEA PY - 2012 ST - The third glacier inventory of North Tyrol, Austria, for 2006 T2 - Supplement to: Abermann, Jakob; Seiser, Bernd; Meran, Ingrid; Stocker-Waldhuber, Martin; Goller, Markus; Fischer, Andrea (2012): A new ALS glacier inventory of North Tyrol, Austria, for 2006 AD. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 43/44, 109-119 TI - The third glacier inventory of North Tyrol, Austria, for 2006 UR - http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.806960 ID - 3561 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Abu-Asab, M. S. AU - Peterson, P. M. AU - Shetler, S. G. AU - Orli, S. S. LB - abu01 PY - 2001 SP - 597-612 ST - Earlier plant flowering in spring as a response to global warming in the Wahington, DC, area T2 - Biodiversity and Conservation TI - Earlier plant flowering in spring as a response to global warming in the Wahington, DC, area VL - 10 ID - 59 ER - TY - WEB AU - SPA, Acea M1 - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.acea.it/ViewDocument.aspx?lang=it&docid=af31ee319ab14da5878383fcae410251 ID - 60 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Achleitner, S. AU - Schöber, J. AU - Rinderer, M. AU - Leonhardt, G. AU - Schöberl, F. AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Schönlaub, H. KW - Flood forecast LB - Achleitner2012 PY - 2012 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 90 - 100 ST - Analyzing the operational performance of the hydrological models in an alpine flood forecasting system T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Analyzing the operational performance of the hydrological models in an alpine flood forecasting system UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169411005269 VL - 412/413 ID - 3562 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ackerbau-Ministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1870 PB - K.K. Ackerbau-Ministerium PY - 1870 SN - 1 ST - Statistik - Numerischer Ausweis über Die Ernte 1869 TI - Statistik - Numerischer Ausweis über Die Ernte 1869 ID - 61 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ackerbau-Ministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1871 PB - K.K. Ackerbau-Ministerium PY - 1871 SN - Jahrgang 1 - 3 ST - Mittheilungen Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums TI - Mittheilungen Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums ID - 62 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ackerbau-Ministerium, K.K. CY - Wien LB - kk1870 PB - K.K. Ackerbau-Ministerium PY - 1870 SN - 1 ST - Statistik - Numerischer Ausweis über Die Ernte 1869 T2 - Landwirthschaftliches Wochenblatt Des K.K. Ackerbau-Ministeriums TI - Statistik - Numerischer Ausweis über Die Ernte 1869 ID - 63 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ackerbau-Ministerium, K.K. CY - Wien LB - kk1871 PB - K.K. Ackerbau-Ministerium PY - 1871 SN - Jahrgang 1 - 3 ST - Mittheilungen Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums TI - Mittheilungen Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums ID - 64 ER - TY - GEN AU - Ackerbauministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1900 PY - 1900 ST - Notes: 1.H.Landwirthschaftliche Production 1874-1877; Production Aus Dem Pflanzenbau 1878-18981; Statistik der Ernte Des Jahres. 1892-1911; Statistik der Ertne in Den im Reichsrathe Vertretenen Königreichen und Landern im Jahre. 1912-1913 Statistische Nachrichten Aus Dem Gesammtgebiete der Landwirtschaft. K.K.Statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) TI - Notes: 1.H.Landwirthschaftliche Production 1874-1877; Production Aus Dem Pflanzenbau 1878-18981; Statistik der Ernte Des Jahres. 1892-1911; Statistik der Ertne in Den im Reichsrathe Vertretenen Königreichen und Landern im Jahre. 1912-1913 Statistische Nachrichten Aus Dem Gesammtgebiete der Landwirtschaft. K.K.Statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) ID - 65 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ackerbauministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1915 PB - kk Ackerbauministerium. kk Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1915 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Bodenprodukte. Im Jahre 1914. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Bodenprodukte. Im Jahre 1914 ID - 66 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ackerbauministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1916 PB - kk Ackerbauministerium. kkHof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1916 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in Österreich im Jahre 1915. 1916-1917. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in Österreich im Jahre 1915. 1916-1917 ID - 67 ER - TY - GEN AU - Ackerbauministerium, KK CY - Wien LB - kk1900 PY - 1900 ST - Notes: 1.H.Landwirthschaftliche Production 1874-1877; Production Aus Dem Pflanzenbau 1878-18981; Statistik der Ernte Des Jahres. 1892-1911; Statistik der Ertne in Den im Reichsrathe Vertretenen Königreichen und Landern im Jahre. 1912-1913 Statistische Nachrichten Aus Dem Gesammtgebiete der Landwirtschaft. K.K.Statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) TI - Notes: 1.H.Landwirthschaftliche Production 1874-1877; Production Aus Dem Pflanzenbau 1878-18981; Statistik der Ernte Des Jahres. 1892-1911; Statistik der Ertne in Den im Reichsrathe Vertretenen Königreichen und Landern im Jahre. 1912-1913 Statistische Nachrichten Aus Dem Gesammtgebiete der Landwirtschaft. K.K.Statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) ID - 68 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ackerbauministerium, KK CY - Wien LB - kk1915 PB - kk Ackerbauministerium. kk Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1915 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Bodenprodukte. Im Jahre 1914. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Bodenprodukte. Im Jahre 1914 ID - 69 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ackerbauministerium, KK CY - Wien LB - kk1916 PB - kk Ackerbauministerium. kkHof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1916 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in Österreich im Jahre 1915. 1916-1917. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in Österreich im Jahre 1915. 1916-1917 ID - 70 ER - TY - WEB AU - ADAM, L. M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2006 ST - Sudangras – Anbau für die Biomassenutzung im Land Brandenburg TI - Sudangras – Anbau für die Biomassenutzung im Land Brandenburg UR - http://www.mluv.brandenburg.de/cms/media.php/2331/sud_gras.pdf ID - 71 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ADAMS, J. B. PY - 1962 SP - 951-956 ST - Aphid survival at low temperatures. T2 - Can. J. Zool. TI - Aphid survival at low temperatures VL - 40 ID - 72 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Adger, W. Neil AU - Dessai, Suraje AU - Goulden, Marisa AU - Hulme, Mike AU - Lorenzoni, Irene AU - Nelson, DonaldR AU - Naess, LarsOtto AU - Wolf, Johanna AU - Wreford, Anita IS - 3-4 N1 - Climatic Change 0165-0009 PY - 2009 SP - 335-354 ST - Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? T2 - Climatic Change TI - Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-008-9520-z VL - 93 ID - 3504 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Adler, W. AU - Oswald, K. AU - Fischer, R. CY - Stuttgart PB - Ulmer Verlag PY - 1994 SN - 10: 3800134616 13: 978-3800134618 ST - Exkursionsflora von Österreich TI - Exkursionsflora von Österreich ID - 73 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Waide, P. AU - J., Adnot CY - Paris PY - 2003 ST - Energy Efficiency and Certification of Central Air Conditioners (EECCAC) TI - Energy Efficiency and Certification of Central Air Conditioners (EECCAC) ID - 74 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Adnot, J. AU - al., et CY - Paris LA - English M3 - Study for the D.G. Transportation-Energy (DGTREN) of the Commission of the EU PY - 2003 ST - Energy Efficiency and Certification of Central Air Conditioners (EECCAC) TI - Energy Efficiency and Certification of Central Air Conditioners (EECCAC) ID - 75 ER - TY - MGZN AU - K., Adolphi PY - 1998 SP - 271-274 ST - Anthropogene lineare Strukturen als Wuchsstätten und Ausbreitungs-wege von Arten. Braunschweiger Geobot. Arb. 5: 271-274. T2 - Braunschweiger Geobot. Arb. TI - Anthropogene lineare Strukturen als Wuchsstätten und Ausbreitungs-wege von Arten VL - 5 ID - 76 ER - TY - RPRT AU - AdTLR PY - 2006 ST - Digitales Geländemodel für Tirol TI - Digitales Geländemodel für Tirol UR - http://www.tirol.gv.at/applikationen/e-government/data/datenkatalog/geographie-und-planung/digitales-gelaendemodell-tirol/ ID - 3563 ER - TY - GEN AU - Agency, Federal Emergency Management LB - federalemergencyma2002 PB - http://www.fema.gov/doc/library/nfipdescrip.doc PY - 2002 ST - National Flood Insurance Program: Program Description TI - National Flood Insurance Program: Program Description ID - 77 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Aguilar, E. AU - Auer, I. AU - Brunet, M. AU - Peterson, T. C. AU - Wieringa, J. LB - aguilar2003 PB - WMO PY - 2003 ST - Guidance on Metadata and Homogenization TI - Guidance on Metadata and Homogenization ID - 78 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahas, R. LB - ahas99 PY - 1999 SP - 119-123 ST - Long-term phyto-, ornitho- and ichtyophenological time-series analysis in Estona T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - Long-term phyto-, ornitho- and ichtyophenological time-series analysis in Estona VL - 42 ID - 79 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahas, R. AU - Aasa, A. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Fedotova, V. G. AU - Scheifinger, H. LB - ahas02 PY - 2002 SP - 1738 ST - Changes in European spring phenology T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Changes in European spring phenology VL - 22 ID - 80 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahrens, B. LB - ahre03ab N1 - accepted PY - 2003 ST - Evaluation of Precipitation Forecasting with the limited Area Model ALADIN in an Alpine Watershed T2 - MZ TI - Evaluation of Precipitation Forecasting with the limited Area Model ALADIN in an Alpine Watershed ID - 81 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahrens, B. IS - D8 LB - ahre01gb PY - 2003 SP - 8388-8400 ST - Rainfall Downscaling in an Alpine Watershed Applying a Multiresolution Approach T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - Rainfall Downscaling in an Alpine Watershed Applying a Multiresolution Approach VL - 108 ID - 82 ER - TY - CONF AU - Ahrens, B. AU - Beck, A. LB - ahre03bb PY - 2003 SP - 308--311 ST - On resolution of precipitation forecasts in Alpine watershed modelling T2 - International Conference on Alpine Meteorology and MAP-Meetiing 2003, Extendend Abstracts -- Publications of MeteSwiss, No. 66 TI - On resolution of precipitation forecasts in Alpine watershed modelling ID - 83 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ainsworth, E.A. and S.P. Long IS - 165 PY - 2005 SP - 165: 351-372. ST - What have we learned from fifteen years of Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE)? A Meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2 T2 - New Phytologist TI - What have we learned from fifteen years of Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE)? A Meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2 ID - 84 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Kuhl, J.& Beckmann, J. (eds.) AU - Ajzen, I. CY - Heidelberg, Germany PB - Springer Verl. PY - 1988 SP - 11-39 ST - From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behaviour. T2 - Action-Control: From cognition to behaviour TI - From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behaviour. ID - 85 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - F. Csáki, B. N. Petrov AB - In this paper it is shown that the classical maximum likelihood principle can be considered to be a method of asymptotic realization of an optimum estimate with respect to a very general information theoretic criterion. This observation shows an extension of the principle to provide answers to many practica problems of statistical model fitting. AU - Akaike, H. CY - Budapest, Hungary PB - Akadémiai Kiado PY - 1973 SP - 267-281 ST - Information theory as an extension of the maximum likelihood principle T2 - Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Information Theory TI - Information theory as an extension of the maximum likelihood principle VL - 471 ID - 86 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Akbari, H. AU - Pomerantz, M. AU - Taha, H. PY - 2001 SP - 295–310 ST - Cool surfaces and shade trees to reduce energy use and improve air quality in urban areas T2 - Solar Energy TI - Cool surfaces and shade trees to reduce energy use and improve air quality in urban areas VL - 70 ID - 87 ER - TY - UNPB AU - al, Smoliner et LB - smoliner03 N1 - Forschungs-Bildungskooperation. Erste Analysen, Beispiele und Vorschläge Positionspapier des BMBWK PY - 2003 ST - Forschungs-Bildungskooperation. Erste Analysen, Beispiele und Vorschläge TI - Forschungs-Bildungskooperation. Erste Analysen, Beispiele und Vorschläge ID - 88 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This review article analyzes scientific meteorological literature concerning changes in frequency and intensity of winter storminess over the North-Atlantic European region with respect to climate change signals. Studies about conditions in the past were consid-ered as well as simulations of future storminess. In general we found that (i) analyses concerning storm activity - compared to ground level air temperature, atmospheric C02 concentration and precipitation - are characterized by a high degree of uncertainty, that (ii) phases of more extreme storms occurred historically as part of the natural climate variability, and that (iii) a clear relationship between anthropogenic climate change and increasing intensity and/or number of winter storms over the North-Atlantic European region could not yet be established. Retrospective studies reveal contradictory results without a clear trend towards significant posi-tive or negative changes. Equally inconsistent are the findings of modelling studies dealing with storminess under climate change conditions of the late 21 st century; however, judged by the number of studies, a weak trend towards more intense storms can be observed. Quite reliably we can state that increasing storm activity during summertime is not to be expected. In conclusion we discuss the meaning of those findings for applied forest management, i. e. choice of tree species and silvicultural treatment regimes. AD - Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg, Abteilung Wald-wachstum, Postfach 708, D-79007 Freibure, Germany Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Meteorologisches Institut, Werthmannstralte 10, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany Albrecht, A. Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg, Abteilung Wald-wachstum, Postfach 708, D-79007 Freibure, Germany email: axel.albrecht@forst.bw.de AU - Albrecht, A. AU - Schindler, D. AU - Grebhan, K. AU - Kohnle, U. AU - Mayer, H. DB - Scopus IS - 5-6 J2 - Allg. Forst- Jagdztg. 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A2 - Canziani, O.F. A2 - Palutikof, J.P. A2 - d., Linden P.J. v. A2 - Hanson, C.E. AU - Alcamo, J. AU - Moreno, J.M. AU - Nováky, B. AU - Bindi, M. AU - R. Corobov, R. AU - Devoy, R.J.N. AU - Giannakopoulos, C. AU - Martin, E. AU - Olesen, J.E. AU - Shvidenko, A. CY - Cambridge, UK PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2007 SP - 541-580 ST - Europe. Climate Change T2 - Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Reportof the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Europe. Climate Change ID - 90 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alcamo, J. AU - Flörke, M. AU - Märker, M. PY - 2007 SP - 247-275 ST - Future long-term changes in global water resources driven by socio-economic and climatic change T2 - Hydrological Sciences Journal TI - Future long-term changes in global water resources driven by socio-economic and climatic change VL - 52 ID - 91 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aleotti, P. AU - Chowdhury, R. IS - 1 KW - Engineering N1 - 1435-9529 PY - 1999 SP - 21 ST - Landslide hazard assessment: summary review and new perspectives T2 - Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment TI - Landslide hazard assessment: summary review and new perspectives UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100640050066 VL - 58 ID - 92 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alessandro, Badalotti AU - Tommaso, Anfodillo AU - John, Grace IS - 7 PY - 2000 SP - 623-633 ST - Evidence of osmoregulation in Larix decidua at Alpine treeline and comparative responses to water availability of two co-occurring evergreen species T2 - Ann. For. Sci. TI - Evidence of osmoregulation in Larix decidua at Alpine treeline and comparative responses to water availability of two co-occurring evergreen species UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:2000146 VL - 57 ID - 93 ER - TY - CONF AU - Alexandrov, V. AU - Eitzinger, J. CY - Rome, Italy DA - September 16-19 LB - alexandrov2003 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2003 SP - 25 ST - Drought impacts in southeastern and central Europe during the late 20th century T2 - Proceedings of the ECAM 2003 TI - Drought impacts in southeastern and central Europe during the late 20th century ID - 94 ER - TY - CONF AU - Alexandrov, V. AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Formayer, H. CY - Pisa, Italy LB - alexandrov2000 N1 - StClB-Lit SP - 6 pp. ST - Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments of Agricultural Crops under Climate Change in North-East Austria T2 - Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Applied Climatology "Tools for the environment and manm of the rear 2000" (CD version) TI - Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments of Agricultural Crops under Climate Change in North-East Austria ID - 95 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alexandrov, V. AU - Eitzinger AU - J AU - Cajic AU - V AU - Oberforster AU - M LB - alex02 PY - 2002 SP - 372-389 ST - Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria VL - 8 ID - 96 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alexandrov, V. AU - Eitzinger AU - J. AU - Cajic AU - V. AU - Oberforster AU - M. LB - alex02 PY - 2002 SP - 372-389 ST - Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria VL - 8 ID - 97 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A region of extreme low ozone values passed over North‐western Europe during November 30, and December 1, 1999. The total ozone values were measured from the ground, with a Brewer Spectrophotometer, and from space with the GOME and TOMS satellite instruments. The ozone sonde measurement and the retrieved GOME ozone profile have shown that the main reduction in the ozone column occurred between the ozone maximum (22 km) and the tropopause. The low temperatures found in the stratosphere during this event have significant consequences for the ozone retrieval algorithm, both for satellite retrievals and for the Brewer measurements. AU - Allaart, Marc AU - Valks, Pieter AU - van der A, Ronald AU - Piters, Ankie AU - Kelder, Hennie AU - van Velthoven, Peter DO - 10.1029/2000GL012212 IS - 24 KW - 0341 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— constituent transport and chemistry 1640 Global Change: Remote sensing 3334 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Middle atmosphere dynamics PY - 2000 SN - 0094-8276 SP - 4089-4092 ST - ozone mini‐hole observed over Europe, influence of low stratospheric temperature on observations T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - ozone mini‐hole observed over Europe, influence of low stratospheric temperature on observations UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012212 VL - 27 ID - 98 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Allaby, M. LB - allaby02 N1 - Wissensbuch für Kinder PB - Dorling Kindersly PY - 2002 ST - Wirbelstürme & Co, Extreme Wetterphänomene und wie sie entstehen T2 - Mega Wissen TI - Wirbelstürme & Co, Extreme Wetterphänomene und wie sie entstehen ID - 99 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Allard, Francis AU - Santamouris, Mat AU - Alvarez, Servando CY - London PB - James & James PY - 2002 ST - Natural ventilation in buildings T2 - A design handbook. Reprint TI - Natural ventilation in buildings ID - 100 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Greenhouse gas emissions have significantly altered global climate, and will continue to do so in the future. Increases in the frequency, duration, and/or severity of drought and heat stress associated with climate change could fundamentally alter the composition, structure, and biogeography of forests in many regions. Of particular concern are potential increases in tree mortality associated with climate-induced physiological stress and interactions with other climate-mediated processes such as insect outbreaks and wildfire. Despite this risk, existing projections of tree mortality are based on models that lack functionally realistic mortality mechanisms, and there has been no attempt to track observations of climate-driven tree mortality globally. Here we present the first global assessment of recent tree mortality attributed to drought and heat stress. Although episodic mortality occurs in the absence of climate change, studies compiled here suggest that at least some of the world's forested ecosystems already may be responding to climate change and raise concern that forests may become increasingly vulnerable to higher background tree mortality rates and die-off in response to future warming and drought, even in environments that are not normally considered water-limited. This further suggests risks to ecosystem services, including the loss of sequestered forest carbon and associated atmospheric feedbacks. Our review also identifies key information gaps and scientific uncertainties that currently hinder our ability to predict tree mortality in response to climate change and emphasizes the need for a globally coordinated observation system. Overall, our review reveals the potential for amplified tree mortality due to drought and heat in forests worldwide. AD - U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Jemez Mountains Field Station, Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States School of Geography and Development, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States Department of Biology, University of Batna, 05000 Batna, Algeria Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvalllis, OR 97330, United States Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States CEMAGREF, ECCOREV FR 3098, Aix-Marseille University, Aix-en-Provence, France Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA-CONICET, Univ. Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zurcherstr. 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland School of Natural Resources and the Environment, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, 5320-122 Street, Edmonton, Alta. T6H 3S5, Canada Center for Forestry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Mt Coot-tha Road, Toowong, QLD 4066, Australia Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry Administration, Beijing, 100091, China Grupo de Ecología Terrestre, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain Northern Research Institute of Forestry, Nikitov St., 13, Arkhangelsk, 163062, Russian Federation Division of Forest Ecology, Department of Forest Conservation, Korea Forest Research Institute, #57, Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-712, South Korea Forestry Department, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy Numerical Terradynamics Simulation Group, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States Central Anatolia Forestry Research Institute, P.K. 24, 06501 Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkey Department of Biological Sciences, Merriam Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, United States Allen, C.D. U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Jemez Mountains Field Station, Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States email: craig_allen@usgs.gov AU - Allen, C. D. AU - Macalady, A. K. AU - Chenchouni, H. AU - Bachelet, D. AU - McDowell, N. AU - Vennetier, M. AU - Kitzberger, T. AU - Rigling, A. AU - Breshears, D. D. AU - Hogg, E. H. AU - Gonzalez, P. AU - Fensham, R. AU - Zhang, Z. AU - Castro, J. AU - Demidova, N. AU - Lim, J. H. AU - Allard, G. AU - Running, S. W. AU - Semerci, A. AU - Cobb, N. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.001 IS - 4 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Climate change Drought effects Forest die-off Forest mortality Global patterns Tree mortality Atmospheric feedbacks Climate change risks Coordinated observations Die-off Ecosystem services Global climates Heat stress Information gap Insect outbreaks Physiological stress Scientific uncertainty Dies Drought Ecosystems Forestry Gas emissions Global warming Greenhouse gases Leakage (fluid) Thermal stress Climate models carbon sequestration climate change drought stress ecological modeling ecosystem service forest ecosystem global climate greenhouse gas heat flow mortality physiological response plant-insect interaction wildfire Climates Greenhouse Gases Leakage Mortality Thermal Stress Hexapoda LA - English N1 - (T.) 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(2009) Journal of Vegetable Science, 20, pp. 442-454 PY - 2010 SN - 03781127 SP - 660-684 ST - A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-73649140927&partnerID=40&md5=cbd5d54c713621e7a2cb56ad1cb3a77f VL - 259 ID - 101 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The assembly of the record-low total column ozone observed over Europe on 30 November 1999 is investigated using a three-dimensional reconstruction based on POAM, SAGE, and HALOE data and a passive tracer advected by UKMO winds on isentropic surfaces. The reconstruction reproduces TOMS observation to within 10–20 DU over the northern hemisphere and agrees well with select ozonesonde profiles in the mid- to high latitudes, although values in the vicinity of the ozone minimum are systematically higher than TOMS. Relative role is quantified for the disparate dynamical processes that contributed constructively to the low-ozone episode: poleward intrusion of ozone-poor subtropical air in the lowermost stratosphere, adiabatic lifting of ozone maximum, and displacement of ozone-poor Arctic vortex air aloft. Of these, the first two are found to account for about three quarters of the reconstructed column anomaly between 320 and 1900 K whereas the last for about one quarter. AU - Allen, Douglas R. AU - Nakamura, Noboru DO - 10.1029/2002GL014935 IS - 9 KW - 0341 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— constituent transport and chemistry 3337 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Numerical modeling and data assimilation 3334 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Middle atmosphere dynamics 0340 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— composition and chemistry PY - 2002 SN - 0094-8276 SP - 1362 ST - Dynamical reconstruction of the record low column ozone over Europe on 30 November 1999 T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - Dynamical reconstruction of the record low column ozone over Europe on 30 November 1999 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GL014935 VL - 29 ID - 102 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Allen, G. A. AU - Pereira, L. S. AU - Raes, D. AU - Smith, M. LB - allen1998 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1998 ST - Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements T2 - FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper TI - Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements VL - 56 ID - 103 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alley, R. B. AU - Marotzke, J. AU - Nordhaus, W. D. AU - Overpeck, J. T. AU - Peteet, D. M. AU - Pielke Jr, R. A. AU - Pierrehumbert, R. T. AU - Rhines, P. B. AU - Stocker, T. F. AU - Talley, L. D. AU - Wallace, J. M. LB - alley2003 PY - 2003 SP - 2005--2010 ST - Abrupt Climate Change T2 - Science TI - Abrupt Climate Change VL - 299 ID - 104 ER - TY - GEN AU - Allinger-Csolich, W. AU - Hackl, J. AU - Heckl, F. AU - Hochbichler, E. AU - Schwarzbauer, P. AU - Schwarzl, B. CY - Wien NV - M-131 PB - Umweltbundesamt GmbH PY - 2000 SN - ISBN 3-85457-565-3 ST - Papierrecycling – Wald. Papierrecycling – Forstwirtschaft – Wald: Darstellung möglicher Zusammenhänge TI - Papierrecycling – Wald. Papierrecycling – Forstwirtschaft – Wald: Darstellung möglicher Zusammenhänge VL - MONOGRAPHIEN Band 131 ID - 3469 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Most ecosystem models predict that climate warming will stimulate microbial decomposition of soil carbon, producing a positive feedback to rising global temperatures. Although field experiments document an initial increase in the loss of CO 2 from soils in response to warming, in line with these predictions, the carbon dioxide loss from soils tends to decline to control levels within a few years. This attenuation response could result from changes in microbial physiological properties with increasing temperature, such as a decline in the fraction of assimilated carbon that is allocated to growth, termed carbon-use efficiency. Here we explore these mechanisms using a microbial-enzyme model to simulate the responses of soil carbon to warming by 5 C. We find that declines in microbial biomass and degradative enzymes can explain the observed attenuation of soil-carbon emissions in response to warming. Specifically, reduced carbon-use efficiency limits the biomass of microbial decomposers and mitigates the loss of soil carbon. However, microbial adaptation or a change in microbial communities could lead to an upward adjustment of the efficiency of carbon use, counteracting the decline in microbial biomass and accelerating soil-carbon loss. We conclude that the soil-carbon response to climate warming depends on the efficiency of soil microbes in using carbon. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited. AD - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Earth System Science, University of California, 321 Steinhaus, Irvine, CA 92697, United States Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1499, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1499, United States School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 370 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States Allison, S. D. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Earth System Science, University of California, 321 Steinhaus, Irvine, CA 92697, United States email: allisons@uci.edu AU - Allison, S. D. AU - Wallenstein, M. D. AU - Bradford, M. A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1038/ngeo846 IS - 5 J2 - Nat. Geosci. 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Biochem., 31, pp. 1889-1891; Six, J., Frey, S.D., Thiet, R.K., Batten, K.M., Bacterial and fungal contributions to carbon sequestration in agroecosystems (2006) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 70, pp. 555-569; Trasar-Cepeda, C., Gil-Sotres, F., Leirós, M.C., Thermodynamic parameters of enzymes in grassland soils from Galicia, NW Spain (2007) Soil Biol. Biochem., 39, pp. 311-319 PY - 2010 SN - 17520894 SP - 336-340 ST - Soil-carbon response to warming dependent on microbial physiology T2 - Nature Geoscience TI - Soil-carbon response to warming dependent on microbial physiology UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77952004559&partnerID=40&md5=3836ac151aa8db28736fc7ee019b0213 VL - 3 ID - 3404 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Natural ventilation is an effective measure to save energy consumed in buildings and to improve indoor air quality. This investigation studied single-sided natural ventilation by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, together with analytical and empirical models. The CFD model was applied to determine the effects of buoyancy, wind, or their combination on ventilation rates and indoor conditions. For buoyancy-driven flow, the CFD results are within a 10% difference from the semi-analytical results. For combined wind- and buoyancy-driven flow, CFD may have underpredicted the empirical model results by approximately 25%. This investigation also studied the effects of opposing buoyancy and wind forces. AU - Allocca, Camille AU - Chen, Qingyan AU - Glicksman, Leon R. IS - 8 KW - Natural ventilation CFD Analytical method N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00239-6 PY - 2003 SN - 0378-7788 SP - 785-795 ST - Design analysis of single-sided natural ventilation T2 - Energy and Buildings TI - Design analysis of single-sided natural ventilation UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778802002396 VL - 35 ID - 105 ER - TY - DBASE AU - AlpS PB - http://www.alp-s.at/cms/de/ TI - AlpS ID - 106 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - ALTHOFF, A. CY - KomPass Tatenbank - Datenbank für Maßnahmen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel PY - 2011 ST - Grün-blauer Klimakorridor Kamen. T3 - http://www.tatenbank.anpassung.net/Tatenbank/DE/Home/home_node.html (19. Juli 2011) am 14.02.2013 nicht mehr verfügbar TI - Grün-blauer Klimakorridor Kamen. ID - 107 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Altieri, M. A. AU - Liebman, M. PY - 1988 ST - Weed management in agroecosytems: ecological approaches TI - Weed management in agroecosytems: ecological approaches ID - 108 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMA (Agrar Markt Austria) M1 - 04.05.2009 PY - 2009 ST - Energiepflanzen - Ernte 2009 (Nachwachsende Rohstoffe) Merkblatt TI - Energiepflanzen - Ernte 2009 (Nachwachsende Rohstoffe) Merkblatt UR - http://www.ama.at/Portal.Node/ama/public?gentics.rm=PCP&gentics.pm=gti_full&p.contentid=10008.67837&06_Merkbl_EPF.pdf ID - 109 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMA (Agrar Markt Austria) M1 - 14.05.2009 PY - 2009 ST - Mehrfachantrag Flächen 2009 - Merkblatt mit Ausfüllanleitung TI - Mehrfachantrag Flächen 2009 - Merkblatt mit Ausfüllanleitung UR - http://www.ama.at/Portal.Node/ama/public?gentics.rm=PCP&gentics.pm=gti_full&p.contentid=10008.68102&MFA09_MB_Gesamt.pdf ID - 110 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Amelung, B. AU - Blazejczyk, K. AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Viner, D. CY - Maastricht – Warsaw – Freiburg PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht PY - 2007 SN - 978-00-023716-4 ST - Climate Change and Tourism - Assessment and Copying Strategies TI - Climate Change and Tourism - Assessment and Copying Strategies ID - 111 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ammer, U. Pröbstl U. CY - Hamburg, Berlin J2 - Freizeit und Natur PY - 1991 ST - Freizeit und Natur TI - Freizeit und Natur ID - 112 ER - TY - CONF AU - Amon, B. AU - Fröhlich, M. AU - Amon, T. CY - Wien PY - 2006 SP - P15 ST - Österreichische Emissionsinventur, Bereich Land- wirtschaft T2 - AustroClim: 9. Österreichischer Klimatag 2006 „Forschung zu Klima, Klimawandel und Auswirkungen in Österreich“ TI - Österreichische Emissionsinventur, Bereich Land- wirtschaft ID - 3331 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMT DER NÖ LANDESREGIERUNG M1 - 27.11.2008 PY - 2007 ST - Bodenschutzanlagen/Windschutzanlagen TI - Bodenschutzanlagen/Windschutzanlagen UR - http://www.noe.gv.at/land-forstwirtschaft/agrarstruktur-bodenreform/windschutzanlagen/bodenschutzanlagen.html ID - 113 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMT DER NÖ LANDESREGIERUNG M1 - 01.05.2009 PY - 2007 ST - NÖ Energiebericht 2007: Bericht über die Lage der Energieversorgung in Niederösterreich TI - NÖ Energiebericht 2007: Bericht über die Lage der Energieversorgung in Niederösterreich UR - http://www.noe.gv.at/bilder/d31/Energiebericht20071.pdf ID - 114 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMT DER NÖ LANDESREGIERUNG M1 - 05.05.2009 PY - 2007 ST - Regionalprojekt Ökopunkte Niederösterreich TI - Regionalprojekt Ökopunkte Niederösterreich UR - http://www.noe.gv.at/Land-Forstwirtschaft/Laendliche-Entwicklung/Oekopunkte.html ID - 115 ER - TY - RPRT AU - OÖLReg, Amt der CY - Linz PY - 2010 SP - 26 ST - Das Schuzgut Boden im DORIS. Lesehilfe zur Bodenfunktionsbe- wertung TI - Das Schuzgut Boden im DORIS. Lesehilfe zur Bodenfunktionsbe- wertung ID - 3383 ER - TY - GEN AU - Landesregierung, Amt der Voralberger CY - Bregenz PY - 2001 ST - Klima von Voralberg - eine anwendungsorientierte Klimatographie TI - Klima von Voralberg - eine anwendungsorientierte Klimatographie ID - 116 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Amthor, J.S. IS - 73 PY - 2001 SP - 1–34. ST - Effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration on wheat yield: review of results from experiments using various approaches to control CO2 concentration T2 - Field Crops Research TI - Effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration on wheat yield: review of results from experiments using various approaches to control CO2 concentration ID - 117 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Anderberg, Michael R. CY - New York KW - Cluster_analysis LB - anderberg1973 PB - Academic Press PY - 1973 SP - 359 pp. ST - Cluster analysis for applications T2 - Probability and Mathematical Statistics TI - Cluster analysis for applications ID - 118 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Umweltbundesamt AU - Anderl, Michael AU - Gangl, Marion AU - Kampel, Elisabeth AU - Köther, Traute AU - Lorenz-Meyer, Verena AU - Muik, Barbara AU - Schodl, Barbara AU - Poupa, Stefan AU - Wappel, Daniela CY - Wien PB - Umweltbundesamt PY - 2007 SN - ISBN: 3-85457-899-7 SP - 121 ST - Emissionstrends 1990-2005. T2 - Ein Überblick über die österreichischen Verursacher von Luftschadstoffen TI - Emissionstrends 1990-2005. ID - 119 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - GmbH, Umweltbundesamt AU - Anderl, Michael AU - Gangl, Marion AU - Kampel, Elisabeth AU - Köther, Traute AU - Lorenz-Meyer, Verena AU - Muik, Barbara AU - Schodl, Barbara AU - Poupa, Stephan AU - Wappel, Daniela C6 - ISBN 3-85457-899-7 CY - Wien PY - 2007 SP - 121 ST - EMISSIONSTRENDS 1990–2005 T2 - Ein Überblick über die österreichischen Verursacher von Luftschadstoffen (Datenstand 2007) TI - EMISSIONSTRENDS 1990–2005 ID - 120 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. PY - 1930 SP - 649-676 ST - Der Einfluß der Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit auf die Dauer der Eizeit. I. Beitrag zu einer exakten Biologie des linierten Graurüßlers (Sitona lineata L.) T2 - Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere TI - Der Einfluß der Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit auf die Dauer der Eizeit. I. Beitrag zu einer exakten Biologie des linierten Graurüßlers (Sitona lineata L.) VL - 17 ID - 121 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. CY - Berlin PB - Springer PY - 1931 ST - Der linierte Graurüßler oder Blattrandkäfer Sitona lineata L. T2 - Monographien zum Pflanzenschutz TI - Der linierte Graurüßler oder Blattrandkäfer Sitona lineata L VL - 6 ID - 122 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. PY - 1933 SP - 55-79. ST - Analyse des Schadens und Massenwechsels des linierten Blattrandkäfers (Sitona lineata L.). Seine Bekämpfung und Abwehr. T2 - Landw. Jahrb. TI - Analyse des Schadens und Massenwechsels des linierten Blattrandkäfers (Sitona lineata L.). Seine Bekämpfung und Abwehr VL - 78 ID - 123 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. PY - 1934 SP - 86-116 ST - Der Einfluss der Umweltbedingungen, Temperatur und Ernährung auf die Eiererzeugung und Lebensdauer eines Insektes (Sitona lineata L.) mit postmetaboler Eientwicklung und langer Legezeit T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Der Einfluss der Umweltbedingungen, Temperatur und Ernährung auf die Eiererzeugung und Lebensdauer eines Insektes (Sitona lineata L.) mit postmetaboler Eientwicklung und langer Legezeit VL - 20 ID - 124 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. PY - 1934 SP - 478-486 ST - Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Temperatur auf die Eierzeugung von Insekten. I. Einfluß konstanter Temperaturen auf die Eierzeugung von Sitona lineata L T2 - Biologisches Zentralblatt TI - Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Temperatur auf die Eierzeugung von Insekten. I. Einfluß konstanter Temperaturen auf die Eierzeugung von Sitona lineata L VL - 54 ID - 125 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Bildung, Bundeszentrale für Politische AU - Andersen, U. AU - Woyke, W. (Hrsg.) CY - Bonn PB - BpB Verlag PY - 2003 SN - 3-8100-3865-2 ST - Handwörterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland TI - Handwörterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ID - 126 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: Many studies have linked weather to mortality; however, role of such critical factors as regional variation, susceptible populations, and acclimatization remain unresolved. METHODS: We applied time-series models to 107 US communities allowing a nonlinear relationship between temperature and mortality by using a 14-year dataset. Second-stage analysis was used to relate cold, heat, and heat wave effect estimates to community-specific variables. We considered exposure timeframe, susceptibility, age, cause of death, and confounding from pollutants. Heat waves were modeled with varying intensity and duration. RESULTS: Heat-related mortality was most associated with a shorter lag (average of same day and previous day), with an overall increase of 3.0% (95% posterior interval: 2.4%-3.6%) in mortality risk comparing the 99th and 90th percentile temperatures for the community. Cold-related mortality was most associated with a longer lag (average of current day up to 25 days previous), with a 4.2% (3.2%-5.3%) increase in risk comparing the first and 10th percentile temperatures for the community. Mortality risk increased with the intensity or duration of heat waves. Spatial heterogeneity in effects indicates that weather-mortality relationships from 1 community may not be applicable in another. Larger spatial heterogeneity for absolute temperature estimates (comparing risk at specific temperatures) than for relative temperature estimates (comparing risk at community-specific temperature percentiles) provides evidence for acclimatization. We identified susceptibility based on age, socioeconomic conditions, urbanicity, and central air conditioning. CONCLUSIONS: Acclimatization, individual susceptibility, and community characteristics all affect heat-related effects on mortality AU - Anderson, B.G. AU - Bell, M.L. IS - 2 PY - 2009 SP - 205-13 ST - Weather-related mortality: how heat, cold, and heat waves affect mortality in the United States T2 - Epidemiology TI - Weather-related mortality: how heat, cold, and heat waves affect mortality in the United States VL - 20 ID - 127 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Europe, WHO Regional Office for AU - Anderson, H. Ross AU - Atkinson, Richard W. AU - Peacock, Janet L. AU - Marston, Louise AU - Konstantinou, Kostas CY - Kopenhagen PY - 2004 ST - Metaanalysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and ozon (O3) T2 - Report of a WHO task group TI - Metaanalysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and ozon (O3) UR - http://www.euro.who.int/document/E82792.pdf ID - 128 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Anderson, H.R. AU - Atkinson, R.W. AU - Peacock, J.L. AU - Marston, L. AU - Konstantinou, K. CY - Kopenhagen PB - WHO Regional Office for Europe PY - 2004 SP - 80 ST - Metaanalysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and Ozon (O3). TI - Metaanalysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and Ozon (O3). UR - http://www.euro.who.int/document/E82792.pdf ID - 129 ER - TY - GEN AU - Anderwald, P. AU - H LB - ande91 PY - 1991 ST - Qualitative Analyse der Entwicklung und Mobilität ausgewählter Trichopterenpopulationen der Donau und deren Abhängigkeit von Umweltvariablen TI - Qualitative Analyse der Entwicklung und Mobilität ausgewählter Trichopterenpopulationen der Donau und deren Abhängigkeit von Umweltvariablen ID - 130 ER - TY - GEN AU - Anderwald, P. AU - H. LB - ande91 PY - 1991 ST - Qualitative Analyse der Entwicklung und Mobilität ausgewählter Trichopterenpopulationen der Donau und deren Abhängigkeit von Umweltvariablen TI - Qualitative Analyse der Entwicklung und Mobilität ausgewählter Trichopterenpopulationen der Donau und deren Abhängigkeit von Umweltvariablen ID - 131 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Andrade-Leal, R. N. AU - Bachhiesl, M. AU - Drabek, U. AU - Gutknecht, D. AU - Haiden, T. AU - Holzmann, H. AU - Hebenstreit, K. AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Nachtnebel, H. P. AU - J. Precht, J. LB - andradeleal2002 PY - 2002 SP - 129-134 ST - Hydrologische Vorhersagemodelle im operationellen Betrieb der Wasserkraftwirtschaft T2 - österr. Wasser- u. Abfallwirtschaft TI - Hydrologische Vorhersagemodelle im operationellen Betrieb der Wasserkraftwirtschaft VL - 54 ID - 132 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Andrecs, P. CY - Wien LB - andrecs1996 PB - FBVA PY - 1996 SN - 170 ST - Analyse und Statistische Auswertung Von Hochwassermeldungen 1972 - 1993: Grundlagen Für Die Beurteilung Von Gefährdungen Durch Wildbäche TI - Analyse und Statistische Auswertung Von Hochwassermeldungen 1972 - 1993: Grundlagen Für Die Beurteilung Von Gefährdungen Durch Wildbäche ID - 133 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Germanwatch, WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE (Ed.) in Cooperation with Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung and AU - ANDREWS, C. AU - URBANSKA, W. CY - München PB - München: oekom Verlag PY - 2010 ST - Warum weniger einfach mehr ist T2 - Zur Lage der Welt 2010, Einfach besser leben – Nachhaltigkeit als neuer Lebensstil TI - Warum weniger einfach mehr ist ID - 3505 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Trees growing at the alpine timberline very seldom undergo severe water stress because of high precipitation during the vegetative period. Since trees are adapted to moist conditions, moderate water deficit may lead to a strong reduction in transpiration. Transpiration and xylem water potential were measured in two individuals each of Pinus cembra, Larix decidua and Picea abies growing at the timberline (2 080 m a.s.l.) in the north-eastern Italian Alps. From June to October 1996 predawn water potential was between -0.29 and -1.0 MPa with moderate differences among species. Throughout the growing period L. decidua showed a progressive decrease in the minimum water potential (from -0.45 to -1.93 MPa); in P. abies and P. cembra variations were more correlated to weather conditions with minima (-1.2 and -1.49 MPa, respectively) during a mild drought period. L. decidua showed the mean daily maximum sap flux density (about 3.3 dm3 dm-2 h-1) while mean maximum values in P. abies and P. cembra were about 0.9 and 0.7, respectively. High daily fluctuations of sap flow were observed in relation to rapid variations in weather conditions, particularly in L. decidua. Regardless of species a very high stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit was recorded. The three species seem to have evolved different drought avoidance strategies. L. decidua maintained a relatively high transpiration even during moderate water deficit periods because of its high water uptake capacity. During the same drought period P. abies and P. cembra showed an evident reduction in sap flux, suggesting a water saving behaviour. These different responses should be taken into account when considering the effects of global change on timberline trees. AD - Dipto. Territorio e Sistemi Agro F., University of Padova, Agripolis, Via Romea, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy AU - Anfodillo, T. AU - Rento, S. AU - Carraro, V. AU - Furlanetto, L. AU - Urbinati, C. AU - Carrer, M. DO - Cited By (since 1996) 18 Export Date 25 January 2011 Source Scopus IS - 1-2 KW - Climate warming effects Drought resistance Stomatal sensitivity Timberline Water relations PY - 1998 SP - 159-172 ST - Tree water relations and climatic variations at the alpine timberline: Seasonal changes of sap flux and xylem water potential in Larix decidua Miller, Picea abies (L.) Karst. and Pinus cembra L T2 - Annales des Sciences Forestieres TI - Tree water relations and climatic variations at the alpine timberline: Seasonal changes of sap flux and xylem water potential in Larix decidua Miller, Picea abies (L.) Karst. and Pinus cembra L UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031981633&partnerID=40&md5=c870a9d97c4eedf10dab4b771d2b2484 VL - 55 ID - 134 ER - TY - CONF AU - Angeringer, W. AU - Karrer, G. CY - BOKU, Vienna PY - 2007 ST - Preserving species richness in hay meadows of Vienna´s nature conservation area Lainzer Tiergarten T2 - Biocultural Diversity – a global issue TI - Preserving species richness in hay meadows of Vienna´s nature conservation area Lainzer Tiergarten ID - 135 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Annicchiarico, P. DO - 10.1023/A:1002954824178 IS - 1 KW - adaptation AMMI cereals genotype-environment interaction joint regression stability LA - English N1 - Euphytica PY - 1997 SN - 0014-2336 SP - 53-62 ST - Joint regression vs AMMI analysis of genotype-environment interactions for cereals in Italy T2 - Euphytica TI - Joint regression vs AMMI analysis of genotype-environment interactions for cereals in Italy UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1002954824178 VL - 94 ID - 3332 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Annila, E. PY - 1969 ST - Influence of Temperature Upon the Development and Voltinism of Ips Typographus L. Coleoptera, Scolytidae TI - Influence of Temperature Upon the Development and Voltinism of Ips Typographus L. Coleoptera, Scolytidae UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=RJs7ywAACAAJ ID - 136 ER - TY - MAP A2 - Bodenkartierung, Österreichische AU - Anonymous CY - Vienna PB - Bundesanstalt für Bodenwirtschaft PY - 1972 ST - Bodenkarte 1:25000, Kartierungsbereich Groß Enzersdorf, NÖ TI - Bodenkarte 1:25000, Kartierungsbereich Groß Enzersdorf, NÖ ID - 137 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ANONYMUS PB - SYNGENTA Agro GmbH PY - 2002 ST - Schädlinge der wichtigsten Ackerkulturen TI - Schädlinge der wichtigsten Ackerkulturen ID - 138 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aranda, I. AU - Gil, L. AU - Pardos, J. A. IS - 2 PY - 2005 SP - 155-167 ST - Seasonal changes in apparent hydraulic conductance and their implications for water use of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl] in South Europe T2 - Plant ecology. TI - Seasonal changes in apparent hydraulic conductance and their implications for water use of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl] in South Europe UR - http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND43789644 VL - 179 ID - 139 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aransay, A. M. AU - Ready, P. D. AU - Morillas-Marquez, F. IS - 4 PY - 0000 SN - 0018-067X SP - 316-325 ST - Population differentiation of Phlebotomus perniciosus in Spain following postglacial dispersal T2 - Heredity TI - Population differentiation of Phlebotomus perniciosus in Spain following postglacial dispersal UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800246 VL - 90 ID - 140 ER - TY - GEN AU - ARENSON, L.U. CY - Zürich NV - 4 PB - Vdf, Hochsch.-Verl. ETH PY - 2003 ST - Unstable Alpine Permafrost: a Potentially Important Natural Hazard - Variations of Geotechnical Behaviour with Time and Temperature T2 - Publications of the Institute for Geotechnical Engineering (IGT) TI - Unstable Alpine Permafrost: a Potentially Important Natural Hazard - Variations of Geotechnical Behaviour with Time and Temperature VL - 218 ID - 141 ER - TY - WEB AU - ARGE ELEFANTENWÄRME M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - o. J. ST - Steckbrief: Miscanthus Giganteus Chinaschilf TI - Steckbrief: Miscanthus Giganteus Chinaschilf UR - http://www.elefantenwaerme.at ID - 142 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Armington, P. S. PY - 1969 SP - 159-178 ST - A Theory of Demand for Products Distinguished by Place of Production T2 - International Monetary Fund Staff Papers TI - A Theory of Demand for Products Distinguished by Place of Production ID - 143 ER - TY - JOUR AB - There have been relatively few studies that have attempted to separate the effects of the different factors affecting the short- and long-term changes of UV radiation. The effect of ozone is fairly easily represented, but that of other factors (surface albedo, aerosols, clouds) is more complex. In this paper, we present a methodology that can account for the other effects as well. We have used this methodology to study what part of the short- and long-term variability of measured spectral UV data from Sodankylä, Finland (67°N), and Thessaloniki, Greece (40°N), is explained by each factor. It was found that the effect of ozone on the short-term variability of monthly mean irradiance can be almost as high as 100%, whereas on average it is about 35%. The corresponding impacts by clouds are typically smaller, 40% and 12%, respectively. During May the albedo-related effect is strongest at Sodankylä, being 21% at its maximum and 7% on average at monthly levels. The amplitude of the variability caused by ozone is much stronger at Sodankylä than at Thessaloniki, so a longer time series at the former place is needed to detect any possible long-term trend. In the Thessaloniki time series there is no significant ozone-related increase. In the summer data from Thessaloniki, however, there is a long-term increase, which is mainly caused by cloudiness. It was found that it is crucial to check the spectral data for any possible wavelength shift, if the long-term variability at a single wavelength is studied. Moreover, it was demonstrated that if the irradiance measurements of a given solar zenith angle (SZA) range are selected, the use of even the rather narrow band of 2° can introduce an effect that hampers trend detection. In other words, it is important to remove the effect of SZA and normalize all the measurements to some constant SZA value. AU - Arola, A. AU - Lakkala, K. AU - Bais, A. AU - Kaurola, J. AU - Meleti, C. AU - Taalas, P. DO - 10.1029/2003JD003447 IS - D17 KW - 0360 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Transmission and scattering of radiation 3359 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Radiative processes 3367 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Theoretical modeling 3394 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Instruments and techniques PY - 2003 SN - 0148-0227 SP - 4549 ST - Factors affecting short- and long-term changes of spectral UV irradiance at two European stations T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - Factors affecting short- and long-term changes of spectral UV irradiance at two European stations UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003447 VL - 108 ID - 144 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In a new proposed classification of the subfamily, Phlebotominae is divided into 2 tribes (Idiophlebotomini and Phlebotomini), 7 subtribes (Idiophlebotomina, Hertiigina, Phlebotomina, Australophlebotomina, Brumptomyiina, Spelaeomyiina and and Sergentomyiina), 24 genera, 40 subgenera and 70 species groups. AU - Artemiev, M. M. PY - 1991 SP - 69-77 ST - A classification of the subfamily Phlebotominae T2 - Parassitologia TI - A classification of the subfamily Phlebotominae VL - 33 ID - 145 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Aschwanden, H. AU - Weingartner, R. PB - Geogr. Inst. Univ. Bern PY - 1985 SP - 238 ST - Die Abflussregimes der Schweiz T2 - Publikation Gewässerkunde 65 TI - Die Abflussregimes der Schweiz ID - 3564 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To assess the effect of removing leishmania-infected dogs on the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis, a controlled intervention study was performed in northeast Brazil. The attempted elimination of seropositive dogs resulted in an initial significant decrease in the annual incidence of seroconversion among dogs from 36% to 6% over the first two years. In the following two years, the incidence increased to 11% and 14%, respectively. In a control area in which dogs were surveyed but seropositive dogs were not removed, the cumulative incidence did not vary significantly from year to year, ranging from 16% to 27%. In the intervention area, the prevalence of dog seropositivity decreased from 36% before the intervention to 10% and remained stable. These findings suggest that attempting to remove seropositive dogs is insufficient as a measure for eradicating visceral leishmaniasis in dogs. However, the force of transmission of infection among dogs can be reduced by such programs. Also, when the number of human cases before and after the start of the intervention was calculated, a significant decrease in incidence of disease in the intervention area was observed among children less than 15 years of age (P , 0.01). The results of this intervention study suggest that the elimination of the majority of seropositive dogs may affect the cumulative incidence of seroconversion in dogs temporarily and may also diminish the incidence of human cases of visceral leishmaniasis. AU - Ashford, D.A. AU - David, J.R. AU - Freire, M. AU - David, R. AU - Sherlock, I. AU - Eulálio, M.C. AU - Sampaio, D.P. AU - Badaro, R. IS - 1 PY - 1998 SP - 53-57 ST - Studies on control of visceral leishmaniasis: impact of dog control on canine and human visceral leishmaniasis in Jacobina, Bahia, Brazil T2 - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene TI - Studies on control of visceral leishmaniasis: impact of dog control on canine and human visceral leishmaniasis in Jacobina, Bahia, Brazil VL - 59 ID - 146 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aspöck, H. PY - 1979 SP - 11-28 ST - Biogeographie der Arboviren Europas Beiträge zur Geoökologie der Menschen Vorträge des 3. Geomedizinischen Symposiums, Schloß Riesenburg 1977 T2 - Geographische Zeitschrift, Beiheft TI - Biogeographie der Arboviren Europas Beiträge zur Geoökologie der Menschen Vorträge des 3. Geomedizinischen Symposiums, Schloß Riesenburg 1977 VL - 51 ID - 147 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Kromp-Kolb, H. A2 - Gerersdorfer, T. AU - Aspöck, H. PB - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft PY - 2003 SP - 85-89 und 141 ST - Zur Frage der Bedeutung eines möglichen globalen Klimawandels für die Verbreitung von Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen in Mitteleuropa T2 - Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen auf die Tierwelt – derzeitiger Wissensstand, fokussiert auf den Alpenraum und Österreich T3 - Projekt GZ 54 3895/171-V/4/02, Endbericht TI - Zur Frage der Bedeutung eines möglichen globalen Klimawandels für die Verbreitung von Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen in Mitteleuropa ID - 148 ER - TY - GEN AU - Aspöck, H. AU - Aspöck, U. AU - Rausch, H. PY - 1991 SP - 600-611 ST - Biogeographisches Glossarium T2 - Die Raphidiopteren der Erde Eine monographische Darstellung der Systematik, Taxonomie, Biologie, Ökologie und Chorologie der rezenten Raphidiopteren der Erde, mit einer zusammenfassenden Übersicht der fossilen Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Neuropteroidea) TI - Biogeographisches Glossarium ID - 149 ER - TY - CHAP AU - ASSADOURIAN, E. CY - München PB - WORLDWATCH INSTITU- TE (Ed.) in Cooperation with Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung and Germanwatch München: oekom Verlag PY - 2010 SN - 978-3865812025 SP - 300 ST - Aufstieg und Fall unserer Konsumkultur SV - 4/2010 T2 - Zur Lage der Welt 2010. Einfach besser leben – Nachhaltigkeit als neuer Lebensstil TI - Aufstieg und Fall unserer Konsumkultur ID - 3506 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Asztalos, J. AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Escher-Vetter, H. AU - Braun, L. LB - Asztalos2006 PY - 2006 ST - A distributed energy balance snow and glacier melt model as a component of a flood forecasting system for the Inn river T2 - Proceedings of the Alpine Snow Workshop, Munich, October 5-6, Germany TI - A distributed energy balance snow and glacier melt model as a component of a flood forecasting system for the Inn river ID - 3565 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Atkinson, R. AU - Anderson, H.R. PY - 2005 SP - 37-50 ST - New E-R function for respiratory hospital admissions. Analysis of all-age respiratory hospital admissions and particulate air pollution within the Apheis programme T2 - APHEIS Air Pollution and Health: A European Information System Health Impact Assessment of air pollution and Communication Strategy TI - New E-R function for respiratory hospital admissions. Analysis of all-age respiratory hospital admissions and particulate air pollution within the Apheis programme UR - http://www.apheis.net VL - 143 Seiten ID - 150 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Atteslander, Peter. CY - Berlin ET - 13. Auflage ST - Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung TI - Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung ID - 3614 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The decomposition of litter, the mineralization of the nutrients it holds, and the uptake of nutrients by tree roots are the themes of this review. Studies of decomposition of litter in forests have been dominated by the role of nitrogen as a limiting factor: however, for many forests of the world growing on soils of considerable age, it seems more probable that growth and nutrient cycling are limited by phosphorus (or some other element). In contrast to the mineralization of phosphorus, knowledge of transformations and availability of nitrogen in forest soils is well-developed. Recent studies in coniferous forest soils have highlighted the short turnover time of NH4+. It seems that forest soils are resistant to major changes in patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization following disturbance by natural and man-made events. -from Authors AD - School of Botany, The Univ. of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. AU - Attiwill, P. M. AU - Adams, M. A. DB - Scopus IS - 4 KW - decomposition forest forest soil litter litter decomposition nitrogen nutrient cycling nutrient limitation phosphorus rhizosphere LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):266 PY - 1993 SN - 0028646X SP - 561-582 ST - Nutrient cycling in forests T2 - New Phytologist TI - Nutrient cycling in forests UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027881256&partnerID=40&md5=57ae17d75a1c156a99b692ab9f986497 VL - 124 ID - 3405 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Aubrecht, P. PB - Umweltbundesamt, Wien PY - 1998 ST - Corine Landcover in Österreich. Vom Sattelitenbild zum digitalen Bodenbedeckungsdatensatz. TI - Corine Landcover in Österreich. Vom Sattelitenbild zum digitalen Bodenbedeckungsdatensatz ID - 151 ER - TY - RPRT AU - I., Auer AU - E., Korus AU - R., Böhm AU - W., Schöner PY - 2005 ST - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck, Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Öster-reich Start Clim 2004, Wien, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik. TI - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck, Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Österreich StartClim2004, Wien, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik ID - 152 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, C. CY - Zürich PB - Mitt. Schw. Anst. Forstl. Versuchsw. PY - 1947 SP - 143 ST - Untersuchungen über die natürliche Verjüngung der Lärche im Arven-Lärchenwald des Oberengadins TI - Untersuchungen über die natürliche Verjüngung der Lärche im Arven-Lärchenwald des Oberengadins VL - 25 ID - 153 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Auer, I. CY - Vienna SP - 251-256 ST - Precipitation Measurements in a high Alpine Region - Intercomparisons of different measuring systems T2 - TECO 92 WMO/TD TI - Precipitation Measurements in a high Alpine Region - Intercomparisons of different measuring systems VL - 462 ID - 154 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Heikinheimo, P. AU - Auer, I. LB - auer1995 PY - 1995 ST - Extreme Precipitation Events - Time Series Analyses of Viennese Data T2 - International Conference on Past, Present and Future Climate TI - Extreme Precipitation Events - Time Series Analyses of Viennese Data ID - 155 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Auer, I. . AU - et al. LB - auer1989 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Magistrat der Stadt Wien; Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 1989 RP - StClB-Lit ST - Klima von Wien = Beiträge zur Stadtforschung, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtgestaltung, Band 20: Eine andwendungsorientierte Klimatographie; Forschungsprojekt (Projekt WC8)im Rahmen der Bund-Bundesländer-Kooperation auf dem Gebiet der Rohstoff- und Energieforschung TI - Klima von Wien = Beiträge zur Stadtforschung, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtgestaltung, Band 20: Eine andwendungsorientierte Klimatographie; Forschungsprojekt (Projekt WC8)im Rahmen der Bund-Bundesländer-Kooperation auf dem Gebiet der Rohstoff- und Energieforschung ID - 156 ER - TY - WEB AU - Auer, I. Böhm R. Mohnl H. Potzmann R. Schöner W. Skomarowski P. PB - Zentralanstalt für Meterologie und Geodynamik PY - 2001 ST - ÖKLIM, Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs TI - ÖKLIM, Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs ID - 157 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. Böhm R. Schöner W. PY - 2001 SP - 146 pages plus Data und Metadata CD ST - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000, Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe T2 - Österr. Beitr. zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000, Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe VL - H.25 ID - 158 ER - TY - CONF AU - Auer, I. Böhm R. Schöner W. Hagen M. CY - Flagstaff, Arizona PB - AMS, Boston PY - 1998 SP - pp.77-80. ST - 20th century increase of boundary layer turbidity derived from alpine sunshine and cloudiness series. T2 - 8th Conference on Mountain Meteorology TI - 20th century increase of boundary layer turbidity derived from alpine sunshine and cloudiness series ID - 159 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. et al. PY - 2007 SP - 17-46 ST - HISTALP – Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater Alpine region 1760-2003 T2 - Internat. Journal of Climatology TI - HISTALP – Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater Alpine region 1760-2003 VL - 27 ID - 160 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, I., Böhm, R., Mohnl, H., Potzmann, R., Schöner, W., Skomarowski, P. CY - Wien, Österreich PB - Zentralanstalt für Meterologie und Geodynamik PY - 2001 ST - ÖKLIM, Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs TI - ÖKLIM, Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs ID - 161 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I., Böhm, R., Schöner, W. PY - 2001 SP - 146 pages plus Data und Metadata CD ST - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000, Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe T2 - Österr. Beitr. zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000, Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe VL - H.25 ID - 162 ER - TY - CONF AU - Auer, I., Böhm, R., Schöner, W., Hagen, M. CY - Flagstaff, Arizona PB - AMS, Boston PY - 1998 SP - pp.77-80. ST - 20th century increase of boundary layer turbidity derived from alpine sunshine and cloudiness series. T2 - 8th Conference on Mountain Meteorology TI - 20th century increase of boundary layer turbidity derived from alpine sunshine and cloudiness series ID - 163 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - al, et PY - 2005 SP - 139 - 166 ST - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the Periode 1800 - 2002 T2 - International journal of climatology TI - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the Periode 1800 - 2002 VL - 25 ID - 164 ER - TY - WEB AU - Auer, I. AU - al, et PY - 2006 ST - Histalp - Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater alpine region TI - Histalp - Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater alpine region UR - http://www.zamg.ac.at/ALP-IMP/ ID - 165 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - al., et PY - 2005 SP - 139 - 166 ST - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the Periode 1800 - 2002 T2 - International journal of climatology TI - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the Periode 1800 - 2002 VL - 25 ID - 166 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, I. AU - al., et PY - 2006 ST - Histalp - Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater alpine region TI - Histalp - Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater alpine region UR - http://www.zamg.ac.at/ALP-IMP/ ID - 167 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The paper describes the development of a dataset of 192 monthly precipitation series covering the greater alpine region (GAR, 4-18�E by 43-49�N). A few of the time series extend back to 1800. A description is provided of the sometimes laborious processes that were involved in this work: from locating the original sources of the data to homogenizing the records and eliminating as many of the outliers as possible. Locating the records required exhaustive searches of archives currently held in yearbooks and other sources of the states, countries and smaller regional authorities that existed at various times during the last 200 years. Homogeneity of each record was assessed by comparison with neighbouring series, although this becomes difficult when the density of stations reduces in the earliest years. An additional 47 series were used, but the density of the sites in Austria and Switzerland was reduced to maintain an even coverage in space across the whole of the GAR. We are confident of the series back to 1840, but the quality of data before this date must be considered poorer. Of all of the issues involved in homogenizing these data, perhaps the most serious problem is associated with the differences in the height above ground of the precipitation gauges, in particular the general lowering of gauge heights in the late 19th century for all countries, with the exception of Italy. The standard gauge height in the early-to-mid 19th century was 15-30 m above the ground, with gauges being generally sited on rooftops. Adjustments to some series of the order of 30-50% are necessary for compatibility with the near-ground location of gauges during much of the 20th century. Adjustments are sometimes larger in the winter, when catching snowfall presents serious problems. Data from mountain-top observatories have not been included in this compilation (because of the problem of measuring snowfall), so the highest gauge sites are at elevations of 1600-1900 m in high alpine valley locations. Two subsequent papers will analyse the dataset. The first will compare the series with other large-scale precipitation datasets for this region, and the second will describe the major modes of temporal variability of precipitation totals in different seasons and determine coherent regions of spatial variability. Copyright � 2005 Royal Meteorological Society. AD - ZAMG-Ctrl. Inst. Meteorol./Geodynam., Vienna, Austria Istituto ISAC-CNR, Bologna, Italy Ist. di Fisica Generale Applicata, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy CRU-Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom Me?te?o France, Toulouse, France MeteoSchweiz, Zu?rich, Switzerland Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic SHMU, Bratislava, Slovakia HMZS, Ljubljana, Slovenia DHMZ, Zagreb, Croatia FMZ, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina HMS, Budapest, Hungary SMI, Torino, Italy Ctrl. Inst. for Meteorol./Geodynam., Hohe Warte 38, A-1190 Wien, Austria AU - Auer, I. AU - Bo?hm, R. AU - Jurkovic, A. AU - Orlik, A. AU - Potzmann, R. AU - Scho?ner, W. AU - Ungersbo?ck, M. AU - Brunetti, M. AU - Nanni, T. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Briffa, K. AU - Jones, P. AU - Efthymiadis, D. AU - Mestre, O. AU - Moisselin, J. M. AU - Begert, M. AU - Brazdil, R. AU - Bochnicek, O. AU - Cegnar, T. AU - Gaji-?C?apka, M. AU - Zaninovic, K. AU - Majstorovic, Z. AU - Szalai, S. AU - Szentimrey, T. AU - Mercalli, L. IS - 2 KW - Greater alpine region Homogeneity Instrumental period Monthly precipitation time series Climatology Data reduction Gages Meteorology Problem solving Snow Time series analysis Meteorological stations Precipitation gauges Spatial variability Temporal variability Precipitation (chemical) data acquisition data set documentary source precipitation (climatology) raingauge Alps Eastern Hemisphere Eurasia Europe World N1 - 08998418 (ISSN) Cited By (since 1996): 21 Export Date: 14 May 2007 Source: Scopus CODEN: IJCLE doi: 10.1002/joc.1135 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Auer, I.; Central Inst. Meteorol./Geodynamics; Hohe Warte 38 A-1190 Wien, Austria; email: ingeborg.auer@zamg.ac.at References: Aguilar, E., Auer, I., Brunet, M., Peterson, T.C., Wieringa, J., Guidelines on climate metadata and homogenization (2003), World Climate Programme Data and Monitoring WCDMP-No. 53. WMO-TD No. 1186, WMO, Geneva; Alexandersson, H., A homogeneity test applied to precipitation data (1986) Journal of Climate, 6, pp. 661-675; Alexandersson, H., Moberg, A., Homogenization of Swedish temperature data, part I: A homogeneity test for linear trends (1997) International Journal of Climatology, 7, pp. 1001-1013; Multi-centennial climate variability in the Alps based on instrumental data, model simulations and proxy data (2003), ALP-IMP 2003-2006 Project. EU-FP5, EVK2-CT-2002-00 148. www.zamg.ac.at/ ALP-IMP (access for the whole project duration); (1783) Ephemerides Societatis Meteorologicae Palatinae, Historia Et Observationes, 1. , Anon. 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PY - 2005 SP - 139-166 ST - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the period 1800-2002 T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the period 1800-2002 UR - http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-20044377405&partnerID=40&rel=R6.0.0 VL - 25 ID - 168 ER - TY - JOUR AB - One of the objectives of EU-project ALPCLIM is the generation of a gridded data-set of monthly instrumental precipitation data. The area of investigation covers the Alps and wide regions of the surroundings from 4� to 18�E and 43� to 49� N. Grid distance is 1 deg longitude and 1 deg latitude. The project is not finished yet, more than 140 single series have been collected by now and are in the state of homogeneity testing and adjusting. The average linear distance of the stations is 75 km. Furthermore first results can be shown, dealing with the main purpose of the generation of the instrumental data-set within ALPCLIM-to use the instrumental data (both temperature and precipitation) to create a longer temperature proxi-data-set based on stable isotope ice core data from high elevation sites in the Monte Rosa and Mont Blanc region. The ice core temperature proxis are supposed to be at least 500 years long. The precipitation series will be used to analyse the problem that ice-cores in principle carry information only for precipitation days, not for all days. Analyses on daily temperature and precipitation data of 50 years series have shown already a way to construct "precipitation-mass weighted mean temperatures" for the longer series based on monthly values. The degree of correlation of those "precipitation-mass-weighted" temperatures with real temperatures will decide on the possibility to use stable isotope proxis from high level sites as temperature information. In addition to the described use within ALPCLIM, also projects like MAP may profit from the outcome of the ALPCLIM precipitation data-set. It will provide the MAP community with carefully homogenised monthly precipitation series to see the situation of MAP-results in a long-term context. � 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Vienna, Austria Instituto Di Fisica Generale Applicata, Milan, Italy Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Hohe Warte 38, 1190 Vienna, Austria AU - Auer, I. AU - Bo?hm, R. AU - Maugeri, M. IS - 5-6 KW - Data recording Ice Isotopes Precipitation (meteorology) Long-term gridded precipitation data-set Earth (planet) alpine environment data set ice core precipitation (climatology) proxy climate record time series Europe N1 - 14641909 (ISSN) Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 14 May 2007 Source: Scopus CODEN: PCBHF doi: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00029-6 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Auer, I.; Cntrl. Inst. for Meteor.Geodynamics; Hohe Warte 38 Vienna 1190, Austria References: Auer, I., Bo?hm, R., Scho?ner, W., Hagen, M., (1998) Endbericht Des Projekts ALOCLIM (Austrian Long Term Climate), , Centr. Inst. f. Met. a. Geodyn. GZ 308.938/3-IV/B/3/96. Vienna; Auer, I., Bo?hm, R., Scho?ner, W., (2000) Long Climatic Series from Austria. Accepted for Climatic Impacts: The Last 1000 Years, , Kluwer Academic Publishers; Bo?hm, R., Auer, I., Hagen, M., Scho?ner, W., (2000) Scientific Report of ZAMG In: ALPCLIM. Environmental and Climatic Records from High Elevation Alpine Glaciers, 2nd Year Progress Report, EC Programme Environment and Climate 1994-1998, , http://www.uphys.uni-heidelberg.de/glacis/ALPCLIM/homepage.html, EC - contract: ENV4-CT-0693, co-ordinated by D. Wagenbach; (2000) MAP Climate Workshop 31 March 2000, Meeting Report, , http://map.ethz.ch, MAP; Peterson, T.C., Easterling, D.R., Karl, T.R., Groisman, P., Nicholl, N., Plummer, N., Torok, S., Parker, D., Homogeneity adjustments of in situ atmospheric climate data: A review (1998) Int. J. Climatol, 18, pp. 1493-1517; (1999) Proceedings of the 2nd Seminar for Homogenization of Surface Climatological Data, , (Budapest, Hungary, 9-13 November 1998) WMO, WCDMP-No. 41. WMO-TD No.962. WMO, Geneva. PY - 2001 SP - 421-424 ST - A new long-term gridded precipitation data-set for the Alps and its application for Map and Alpclim T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere TI - A new long-term gridded precipitation data-set for the Alps and its application for Map and Alpclim UR - http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035058480&partnerID=40&rel=R6.0.0 VL - 26 ID - 169 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. LB - auer1996 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1996 SP - 13-24 ST - Ein Beitrag zur Frage über die Zunahme extremer Niederschlagsereignisse und Ausweitung von Trockenperioden in einer wärmeren Atmosphäre anhand der Wiener Meßreihe T2 - Wetter und Leben TI - Ein Beitrag zur Frage über die Zunahme extremer Niederschlagsereignisse und Ausweitung von Trockenperioden in einer wärmeren Atmosphäre anhand der Wiener Meßreihe VL - 48 ID - 170 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Korus, E. AU - Schöner, W. PY - 2003 ST - Zeitliche Repräsentativitätsanalyse 50jähriger Klimadatensätze im Hinblick auf die Beschreibung der Variabilität von Extremwerten TI - Zeitliche Repräsentativitätsanalyse 50jähriger Klimadatensätze im Hinblick auf die Beschreibung der Variabilität von Extremwerten UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 171 ER - TY - GEN AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Leymüller, M. AU - Schöner, W. CY - Wien PY - 2002 SP - 304 ST - Das Klima des Sonnblicks T2 - Österr. Beitr. Z. Meteorologie u. Geophysik TI - Das Klima des Sonnblicks VL - 28 ID - 172 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Maugeri, M. PY - 2001 SP - Vol 26/5-6, 421-424. ST - A New long-term gridded precipitation data set for the Alps and its Application for MAP and ALPCLIM T2 - Journal for Physics and Chemistry of the Earth TI - A New long-term gridded precipitation data set for the Alps and its Application for MAP and ALPCLIM VL - Part B ID - 173 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Maugeri, M. IS - 5-6 LB - auer01 PY - 2001 SP - 421-424 ST - A New Long-Term Gridded Precipitation Data-Set for the Alps and its Application for Map and Alpclim T2 - Phys. Chem. Earth (B) TI - A New Long-Term Gridded Precipitation Data-Set for the Alps and its Application for Map and Alpclim VL - 26 ID - 174 ER - TY - CONF AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Mohnl, H. AU - Potzmann, R. AU - Schöner, W. CY - Pisa, Italy DA - 16.-20. Okt. LB - auer2000 N1 - CD-ROM PY - 2000 ST - ÖKLIM - A Digital Climatology of Austria 1961-90 T2 - 3rd European Conference on applied Climatology TI - ÖKLIM - A Digital Climatology of Austria 1961-90 ID - 175 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Institute of Agrometeorology and Environmental Analysis, Florence AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Mohnl, H. AU - Potzmann, R. AU - Schöner, W. CY - Rom PY - 2000 ST - ÖKLIM – A digital climatology of Austria 1961-1990 T2 - 3rd European Conference on Applied Climatology, 16 to 20 October 2000 TI - ÖKLIM – A digital climatology of Austria 1961-1990 ID - 176 ER - TY - CONF AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Potzmann, R. AU - Ungersböck, M. LB - auer03 PY - 2003 SP - 25-29 ST - Änderung der Frosthäufigkeit in Österreich T2 - 6. Deutsche Klimatagung, Klimavariabilität TI - Änderung der Frosthäufigkeit in Österreich ID - 177 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. LB - auer01c PY - 2001 SP - 25 ST - Austrian Long-Term Climate - Multiple Instrumental Climate Series from Central Europe T2 - Österr. Beitr. zu Meteorologie und Geophysik, Heft TI - Austrian Long-Term Climate - Multiple Instrumental Climate Series from Central Europe ID - 178 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. LB - auer2001b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2001 SP - 397 ST - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000 T2 - Multiple instrumental Climate time series from Central Europe. Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik, Heft TI - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000 VL - 25 ID - 179 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. LB - auer2001 PB - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 2001 ST - Austrian Long-Term Climate 1767-2000. Multiple Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe. T2 - Österreichische Beiträge Zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Austrian Long-Term Climate 1767-2000. Multiple Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe VL - 25 ID - 180 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Auer, I. AU - et al. LB - auer1989 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Magistrat der Stadt Wien; Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 1989 RP - StClB-Lit ST - Klima von Wien = Beiträge zur Stadtforschung, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtgestaltung, Band 20: Eine andwendungsorientierte Klimatographie; Forschungsprojekt (Projekt WC8)im Rahmen der Bund-Bundesländer-Kooperation auf dem Gebiet der Rohstoff- und Energieforschung TI - Klima von Wien = Beiträge zur Stadtforschung, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtgestaltung, Band 20: Eine andwendungsorientierte Klimatographie; Forschungsprojekt (Projekt WC8)im Rahmen der Bund-Bundesländer-Kooperation auf dem Gebiet der Rohstoff- und Energieforschung ID - 181 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - (ZAMG), Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik AU - AUER, I. AU - HIEBL, J. AU - REISENHOFER, S. AU - BÖHM, R. AU - SCHÖNER, W. CY - Vienna PB - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG) PY - 2010 ST - ÖKLIM 1971–2000 Aktualisierung des digitalen Klimaatlas Österreichs 1961–1990 TI - ÖKLIM 1971–2000 Aktualisierung des digitalen Klimaatlas Österreichs 1961–1990 ID - 182 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Auer, I. AU - Korus, E. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. PY - 2005 ST - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck TI - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2004 ID - 183 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - R, Böhm AU - N, Hammer AU - Schöner AU - T, Wiesinger AU - W, Winiwater LB - auer95 PY - 1995 SP - 12 ST - Glaziologische Untersuchungen im Sonnblickgebiet: Forschungsprogramm Wurtenkees T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik Heft TI - Glaziologische Untersuchungen im Sonnblickgebiet: Forschungsprogramm Wurtenkees ID - 184 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - R., Böhm AU - N., Hammer AU - Schöner. AU - T., Wiesinger AU - W., Winiwater LB - auer95 PY - 1995 SP - 12 ST - Glaziologische Untersuchungen im Sonnblickgebiet: Forschungsprogramm Wurtenkees T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik Heft TI - Glaziologische Untersuchungen im Sonnblickgebiet: Forschungsprogramm Wurtenkees ID - 185 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, Inge CY - Wien LB - auer92a PB - Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften PY - 1992 ST - Klimareihen: Analyse und Interpretation von Klimadaten T2 - Bestandsaufnahme antropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen auf Österreich - Mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich TI - Klimareihen: Analyse und Interpretation von Klimadaten ID - 186 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Steinhauser, Peter AU - Auer, Ingeborg CY - Wien LB - auer93a PB - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 1993 ST - Niederschlagsschwankungen in Österreich T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik, Nr. 7 TI - Niederschlagsschwankungen in Österreich ID - 187 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, Ingeborg AU - Böhm, Reinhard AU - Schöner, Wolfgang CY - Hohe Warte 38, A-1190 Vienna LB - auer2001a PB - Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics PY - 2001 ST - Austrian long-term climate 1767-2000 T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Austrian long-term climate 1767-2000 VL - 25 ID - 188 ER - TY - JOUR AU - AUFHAMMER, G. PY - 1937 ST - Wanzenschädigungen am Getreide T2 - Deutsche Landwirtschaftliche Presse TI - Wanzenschädigungen am Getreide VL - 64 ID - 189 ER - TY - JOUR AU - AUFHAMMER, G. AU - HOFMANN, C. PY - 1936 SP - 253-265 ST - Wanzenschäden an Getreide T2 - Praktische Blätter für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenschutz TI - Wanzenschäden an Getreide VL - 9 ID - 190 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Umweltschutz, Amt der Wiener Landesregierung MA22 - AU - Augustyn, R. AU - Mosor, T. AU - Priesner, M. AU - Riess, P. CY - Wien PY - 2005 ST - Statuserhebung PM10 2002&2003 in Wien gemäß Immissionsschutzgesetz - Luft. TI - Statuserhebung PM10 2002&2003 in Wien gemäß Immissionsschutzgesetz - Luft. UR - http://www.wien.gv.at/ma22/luft/pdf/iglstatus2003-pm10.pdf ID - 191 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Legume cover crops commonly used to supply additional N and reduce potential for over-winter N leaching losses may also influence denitrification depending upon soil water status and soil type. Interrelationships between incorporated hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) residue and soil water status on denitrification in coarse, medium and fine textured soils were investigated in the laboratory. Repacked soil cores were incubated, 10, 20 and 30 d with and without acetylene (C2H2). Denitrification losses were 20–200 μg N kg−1 from each soil when 60% of the soil pore space was filled with water and increased to from 14.0 to 18.6mg N kg−1 at 90% water-filled-pore space (WFPS). Incorporation of vetch residue (2.5 g kg−1) greatly stimulated denitrification (51.1–99.5 mg N kg−1), probably due to greater availability of organic C as indicated by higher CO2 emissions. The major denitrification losses occurred during the first 10 days and more so in residue-amended soils. The supply of C from incorporated legume crop residue was a major factor influencing denitritication especially when soil wetness restricted aeration and adequate nitrate was present. At similar water contents, rates of denitrification differed greatly in soils of varying texture, but when varying water holding capacity and bulk density were accounted for using WFPS. all soils behaved very similarly. Use of WFPS as an index of aeration status enabled identification that differences in denitrification losses in vetch-amended soils of varying texture resulted in part from varying capacity to supply NO3− and metabolize organic matter. These results illustrate the utility of WFPS, compared with soil water content, and its reliability as an indicator of reduced aeration dependent denitrification for soils of varying texture. AU - Aulakh, M. S. AU - Doran, J. W. AU - Walters, D. T. AU - Power, J. F. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(91)90029-J IS - 12 PY - 1991 SN - 0038-0717 SP - 1161-1167 ST - Legume residue and soil water effects on denitrification in soils of different textures T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry TI - Legume residue and soil water effects on denitrification in soils of different textures UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/003807179190029J VL - 23 ID - 3333 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC00396663 AU - Aulitzky, Herbert AU - Turner, Hans CY - Zürich KW - Obergurgl < Region> L=EF=BF=BDrchen-Arvenwald Forstlicher Standort Bioklimatologie Schutzwald Waldpflege N1 - Literaturverz. S. 565 - 577 UBBW Dpt.Integrative Biologie Botanik 831-5760/58,4 am Inst. = fragen UBBW FB Landschaftsplanung Bibliothek LAP-1578 Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WL-1708 Entlehnbar PB - Eidgenössische Anstalt für das Forstliche Versuchswesen PY - 1982 SP - S. 327 - 580 ST - Bioklimatische Grundlagen einer standortsgemäßen Bewirtschaftung des subalpinen Lärchen-Arvenwaldes T2 - Mitteilungen / Eidgenössische Anstalt für das Forstliche Versuchswesen ; 58.1982,4 TI - Bioklimatische Grundlagen einer standortsgemäßen Bewirtschaftung des subalpinen Lärchen-Arvenwaldes ID - 192 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austria, Statistics CY - Wien PB - Statistics Austria PY - 2003 ST - Systematik der Wirtschaftstätigkeiten, ÖNACE 2003, Band 1: Einführung, Grundstruktur TI - Systematik der Wirtschaftstätigkeiten, ÖNACE 2003, Band 1: Einführung, Grundstruktur ID - 193 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austria, Statistics CY - Wien PB - Statistik Austria PY - 2004 ST - Gebäude- und Wohnungszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark. TI - Gebäude- und Wohnungszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark ID - 194 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austria, Statistics CY - Wien PB - Statistics Austria PY - 2004 ST - Volkszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark TI - Volkszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark ID - 195 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Austria, Statistics PY - 2007 ST - Statistiken, Bevölkerung TI - Statistiken, Bevölkerung UR - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/bevoelkerung/index.html ID - 196 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Austria, Statistics PY - 2008 ST - Statistiken, Wohnungen, Gebäude TI - Statistiken, Wohnungen, Gebäude UR - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/wohnen_und_gebaeude/index.html ID - 197 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Austria, Statistik CY - Wien LB - stat2001 PB - Statistik Austria. Verlag Österreich. PY - 2001 ST - Statistik der Landwirtschaft. TI - Statistik der Landwirtschaft ID - 198 ER - TY - WEB AU - Forests, Austrian Forest Inventory. Federal Research and Training Centre for ST - Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW). TI - Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW). UR - http://bfw.ac.at/rz/wi.auswahl?cros=3 (abgerufen am 07.03.2013) ID - 199 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austrian Research Centers, Seibersdorf CY - Seibersdorf J2 - Neusiedler-See - Tourismus mit Zukunft PY - 2006 ST - Neusiedler-See - Tourismus mit Zukunft TI - Neusiedler-See - Tourismus mit Zukunft ID - 200 ER - TY - RPRT AU - AustroClim PY - 2008 ST - Identifikation von Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich. Im Auftrag des Lebensministeriums TI - Identifikation von Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich. Im Auftrag des Lebensministeriums UR - http://www.austroclim.at/fileadmin/user_upload/reports/Anpassung_erste_20Handlungsempfehlungen_IFF_BOKU_UBA.pdf Y2 - 24.5.2011 ID - 201 ER - TY - DBASE AU - AustroClim DA - 25.07.2011 PB - http://www.austroclim.at/fileadmin/user_upload/ppt_10.Klimatag/Tagungsband_Klimatag2008.pdf> PY - 2008 TI - Tagungsband des 10. österreichischen Klimatags, 13. - 14.03.2008 ID - 202 ER - TY - RPRT AU - AustroClim PY - 2010 ST - Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich. Aktivitätsfeld „Bauen und Wohnen“. Im Auftrag des Klima- und Energiefonds TI - Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich. Aktivitätsfeld „Bauen und Wohnen“. Im Auftrag des Klima- und Energiefonds UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=97 Y2 - 24.5.2011 ID - 203 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - DDR, Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften d. AU - AUTORENKOLLEKTIV CY - Leipzig 6 PY - 1977 ST - Empfehlungen zur effektiven Versorgung der Böden mit organischer Substanz. T2 - Agrarbuch TI - Empfehlungen zur effektiven Versorgung der Böden mit organischer Substanz. ID - 204 ER - TY - THES AU - AWADALLA, S. S. I. PY - 1988 ST - Untersuchungen über Biologie und Ökologie des Blattrandkäfers, Sitona lineatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) T2 - Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades an der Universität für Bodenkultur TI - Untersuchungen über Biologie und Ökologie des Blattrandkäfers, Sitona lineatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) ID - 205 ER - TY - GEN AU - Aynsley, R. M. AU - Melbourne, W. AU - Vickery, B. J. CY - London PY - 1977 ST - Architectural aerodynamics TI - Architectural aerodynamics ID - 206 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ayres, M. P. AU - Lombardero AU - M.J LB - ayre00 PY - 2000 SP - 263-286 ST - Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogenes T2 - he Science of the Total Environment TI - Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogenes ID - 207 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ayres, M.P. AU - Lombardero AU - M.J. LB - ayre00 PY - 2000 SP - 263-286 ST - Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogenes T2 - he Science of the Total Environment TI - Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogenes ID - 208 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Wien, Magistrat der Stadt A2 - Finanzmanagement, Bereichsleitung für Gesundheitsplanung und AU - Bachinger, E. AU - Frank, E. AU - Fülöp, G. AU - Hlava, A. AU - H., Ritter AU - Urbas, E. AU - Werba, A. AU - Winkler, T. CY - Wien PY - 2003 SP - 250 ST - Lebenserwartung und Mortalität in Wien TI - Lebenserwartung und Mortalität in Wien ID - 209 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bachmann, P. PY - 1967 SP - 118 ST - Baumartenwahl und Ertragsfähigkeit T2 - Schweiz. Zeitschrift f. d. Forstwesen TI - Baumartenwahl und Ertragsfähigkeit ID - 210 ER - TY - BOOK AU - K., BACKHAUS AU - B., ERICHSON AU - P., WULFF AU - R., WEIBER CY - Berlin, Heidelberg, New York PB - Springer-Verlag PY - 2000 ST - Multivariate Analysemethoden TI - Multivariate Analysemethoden VL - 9. Aufl. ID - 211 ER - TY - WEB AU - Badde, P. M1 - 2.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.welt.de/reise/article8541466/Rom-glueht-Wie-die-Ewige-Stadt-die-Hitze-ertraegt.html ID - 212 ER - TY - WEB AU - Bader, R. M1 - 3.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.wissenschaft-online.de/artikel/1031003&_z=859070 ID - 213 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BAFU, Bundesamt für Umwelt PB - Bundesamt für Umwelt, Bern PY - 2012 SP - 76 ST - Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung auf Wasserressourcen und Gewässer. Synthesebericht zum Projekt "Klimaänderungen und Hydrologie in der Schweiz" (CCHydro) T2 - Umwelt-Wissen Nr. 1217 TI - Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung auf Wasserressourcen und Gewässer. Synthesebericht zum Projekt "Klimaänderungen und Hydrologie in der Schweiz" (CCHydro) ID - 3566 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Baier, Hermann AU - Klenke, Reinhard KW - Deutschland Flächenverbrauch Landschaftszerschneidung Freifläche Naturschutz Anthropogener Einfluss PB - Springer PY - 2006 SN - 3-540-43940-4978-3-540-43940-0 SP - 692 ST - Freiraum und Naturschutz : die Wirkungen von Störungen und Zerschneidungen in der Landschaft TI - Freiraum und Naturschutz : die Wirkungen von Störungen und Zerschneidungen in der Landschaft UR - http://d-nb.info/992555248/04 UR - http://scans.hebis.de/HEBCGI/show.pl?21138328_vlg.html UR - http://scans.hebis.de/HEBCGI/show.pl?21138328_cov.jpg ID - 214 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We developed the model PHENIPS for spatial and temporal simulation of the seasonal development of Ips typographus at the Kalkalpen National Park in Austria. The model is based on a digital elevation model used for interpolation of temperature and solar radiation to calculate the microclimatic conditions (bark temperature) for the beetles' development. Additionally, the beetles' phenology at Kalkalpen National Park was monitored along with air and bark temperature measurements. The onset of host tree infestation in spring was estimated using a lower threshold of 16.5 °C for flight activity and a mean thermal sum of 140 degree-days (dd) from beginning of April 1st onward. Rate of brood development was calculated from accumulated degree-days of hourly temperature data using upper and lower temperature thresholds of 38.9 and 8.3 °C, respectively, and a nonlinear function for calculating effective thermal sums. Re-emergence of parental beetles occurred at a time when 49.7% of the thermal sum for total development (557 dd) was reached. The model includes the discontinuance of the beetle's reproductive activity at a day length <14.5 h. The rate of successful hibernation of established broods is predicted by assessing the developmental stage of initiated generations at the beginning of the cold period. For validation we compared the timing of phenological events in the field with predicted events using both, hourly recorded data at trap trees in the terrain and generated daily topoclimatic data. Using topoclimatic data, the onset of infestation was predicted with a mean absolute error of 1.3 days. The observed onset of emergence of filial beetles in the field was estimated with a mean error of 39 dd. Our PHENIPS explicitly considers the strong effects of regional topography and stand conditions on local air and bark temperature and can be used for precise monitoring of the actual state of bark beetle development at the specific stand/tree level. Using topoclimatic data, PHENIPS simulates the maximum number of generations which is necessary to assess the potential impact of bark beetle outbreaks at regional scale. Further applications of PHENIPS for site-specific hazard rating of bark beetle infestation are discussed. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Hasenauerstaße 38, A-1180 Vienna, Austria Baier, P. Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Hasenauerstaße 38, A-1180 Vienna, Austria email: baier@ento.boku.ac.at AU - Baier, P. AU - Pennerstorfer, J. AU - Schopf, A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.05.020 IS - 3 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Forest protection GIS Hazard rating Ips typographus Phenology Scolytinae Topoclimatic modelling Hazards Mathematical models Solar radiation Topoclimatic modeling Forestry beetle digital elevation model ecosystem modeling emergence hazard assessment hibernation microclimate phenology population outbreak prediction solar radiation temperature effect topographic effect Trees Coleoptera LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 32 CODEN: FECMD References: Anderbrant, O., A model for temperature and density dependent reemergence of the bark beetle Ips typographus (1986) Entomol. Exp. Appl., 40, pp. 81-88; Anderbrant, O., Reemergence and second brood in the bark beetle Ips typographus (1989) Hol. Ecol., 12, pp. 494-500; Anderbrant, O., Schlyter, F., Birgersson, G., Intraspecific competition affecting parents and offspring in the bark beetle Ips typographus (1985) Oikos, 45, pp. 89-98; Annila, E., Influence of temperature upon the development and voltinism of Ips typographus L. 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Meteorol., 106, pp. 87-103; Zumr, V., The data for the prognosis of the spring swarming of main species of bark beetles (Coleoptera. Scolytidae) on the spruce (Picea excelsea L.) (1982) J. Appl. Entomol., 93, pp. 305-320 PY - 2007 SN - 03781127 SP - 171-186 ST - PHENIPS-A comprehensive phenology model of Ips typographus (L.) (Col., Scolytinae) as a tool for hazard rating of bark beetle infestation T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - PHENIPS-A comprehensive phenology model of Ips typographus (L.) (Col., Scolytinae) as a tool for hazard rating of bark beetle infestation UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34548251070&partnerID=40&md5=dbb0e760b1eff74fc45df44636720fd9 VL - 249 ID - 215 ER - TY - RPRT AB - The provision of drinking water of high quality is a precious service of forests. Large-scale disturbances like forest fires, wind throws, pest outbreaks and subsequent clear cutting may lead to changes in hydrology (runoff as well as percolation). Furthermore, water quality can be negatively influenced by increased erosion, increased decomposition of litter and humus and leaching of nitrate. Large-scale epidemics of forest pests may induce forest decline at landscape scale with subsequent long-lasting negative effects on water quality. The European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (L.), is one of the most significant sources of mortality in mature spruce forest ecosystems in Eurasia. The objective of this study was to apply a complex predisposition assessment system for hazard rating and for the evaluation of climate change impacts for the water protection forests of the City of Vienna in Wildalpen. The following steps have been done to adapt/apply the bark beetle phenology model and the hazard rating system: -application, adaptation and validation of the bark beetle phenology model PHENIPS concerning start of dispersion, brood initiation, duration of development, beginning of sister broods, voltinism and hibernation - spatial/temporal modelling of the phenology and voltinism of I. typographus using past, present as well as projected climate data - application and validation of the stand- and site related long-term predisposition assessment system using forest stand/site data, annual damage reports and outputs of phenology modelling as data input - mapping of endangered areas and assessment of future susceptibility to infestations by I. typographus and other disturbing agents based on climate scenarios using GIS. The assessment of site- and stand-related predisposition revealed that the forest stands in Wildalpen are highly susceptible to bark beetle infestation. More than 65% of the stands were assigned to the predisposition classes high/very high. Only 10% of the stands showed a low stand-related predisposition to bark beetle infestations. This high susceptibility to bark beetle damage is related to the dominance of even-aged, spruce-dominated mature stands. The projected change in voltinism of I. typographus will further increase total predisposition of the stands to bark beetle infestations. Mapping the projected predisposition of present-day forest stands at the end of the century clearly indicated that stands with high/very high susceptibility to bark beetle infestation form large continuous areas, a pre-requisite for extended epidemics of I. typographus. AU - Baier, P. AU - Pennerstorfer, J. AU - Schopf, A. PY - 2011 SP - 32 ST - Evaluation of climate change induced effects on the predisposition of forests of the water protection zone “Wildalpen” to disturbances by bark beetles T2 - A contribution to the final report of CC-WaterS work package 5: „Land Uses and Water Resources Safety“. TI - Evaluation of climate change induced effects on the predisposition of forests of the water protection zone “Wildalpen” to disturbances by bark beetles ID - 216 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baier, P. AU - Schopf AU - A AU - Netherer AU - S AU - Pennersdorfer AU - J LB - baie02 PY - 2002 SP - 2 ST - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen T2 - 2. Zwischenbericht. IFFF, Univ. f. Bodenkultur Wien. TI - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen ID - 217 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baier, P. AU - Schopf AU - A. AU - Netherer AU - S. AU - Pennersdorfer AU - J. LB - baie02 PY - 2002 SP - 2 ST - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen T2 - 2. Zwischenbericht. IFFF, Univ. f. Bodenkultur Wien. TI - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen ID - 218 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baker, R. H. A. AU - Cannon AU - R.J.C AU - Walters AU - K.F.A LB - bake96 PY - 1996 SP - 323-330 ST - An assessment of the risks posed by selected non-indigenous pests to UK crops under climate change T2 - Aspects of Applied Biology TI - An assessment of the risks posed by selected non-indigenous pests to UK crops under climate change VL - 45 ID - 219 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baker, R.H.A. AU - Cannon AU - R.J.C. AU - Walters AU - K.F.A. LB - bake96 PY - 1996 SP - 323-330 ST - An assessment of the risks posed by selected non-indigenous pests to UK crops under climate change T2 - Aspects of Applied Biology TI - An assessment of the risks posed by selected non-indigenous pests to UK crops under climate change VL - 45 ID - 220 ER - TY - GEN AU - Balas, Maria. AU - Stickler, Therese. AU - Lexer, Wolfgang. AU - Felderer, Astrid. CY - Wien PB - Im Auftrag des Klima- und Energiefonds PY - 2011 ST - Ausarbeitung sozialer Aspekte des Klimawandels und von Handlungsempfehlungen für die Raumordnung als Beitrag zum Policy Paper – Auf dem Weg zu einer nationalen Anpassungsstrategie. TI - Ausarbeitung sozialer Aspekte des Klimawandels und von Handlungsempfehlungen für die Raumordnung als Beitrag zum Policy Paper – Auf dem Weg zu einer nationalen Anpassungsstrategie ID - 3615 ER - TY - JOUR AU - J.S., Bale PY - 1987 SP - 899-908 ST - Insect Cold Hardiness: Freezing and supercooling - an ecophysiological perspective. J. Insect Physiology 33(12), 899-908. T2 - J. Insect Physiology TI - Insect Cold Hardiness: Freezing and supercooling - an ecophysiological perspective VL - 33(12) ID - 221 ER - TY - JOUR AU - J.S., Bale PY - 1989 SP - 157-192 ST - Cold Hardiness and Overwintering of Insects. Agricultural Zoology Reviews 3, 157-192. T2 - Agricultural Zoology Reviews TI - Cold Hardiness and Overwintering of Insects VL - 3 ID - 222 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bale, J. S. AU - Harrington AU - R.L AU - Clough AU - M.S LB - bale88 PY - 1988 SP - 121-129 ST - Low temperature mortality of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae T2 - Ecological Entomology TI - Low temperature mortality of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae VL - 13 ID - 223 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bale, J. S. AU - Masters AU - G.J AU - Hodkinson AU - I.D AU - Awmark AU - C AU - Bezemer AU - M.T AU - Brown AU - V.K AU - Butterfield AU - J AU - Buse AU - A AU - Coulson AU - J.C AU - Farrar AU - J AU - Good AU - J.E.G AU - Harrington AU - R AU - Hartley AU - S AU - Jones AU - T.H AU - Lindroth AU - R.L AU - Press AU - M.C AU - Symrnioudis AU - I AU - Watt AU - A.D AU - Whittaker AU - J.B LB - bale02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-16 ST - Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivours T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivours VL - 8 ID - 224 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bale, J.S. AU - Harrington AU - R.L. AU - Clough AU - M.S. LB - bale88 PY - 1988 SP - 121-129 ST - Low temperature mortality of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae T2 - Ecological Entomology TI - Low temperature mortality of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae VL - 13 ID - 225 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bale, J.S. AU - Masters AU - G.J. AU - Hodkinson AU - I.D. AU - Awmark AU - C. AU - Bezemer AU - M.T. AU - Brown AU - V.K. AU - Butterfield AU - J. AU - Buse AU - A. AU - Coulson AU - J.C. AU - Farrar AU - Good AU - J.E.G. AU - Harrington AU - R. AU - Hartley AU - S. AU - Jones AU - T.H. AU - Lindroth AU - R.L. AU - Press AU - M.C. AU - Symrnioudis AU - I. AU - Watt AU - A.D. AU - Whittaker AU - J.B. LB - bale02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-16 ST - Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivours T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivours VL - 8 ID - 226 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Balogh, L. AU - Dancza, I. AU - G., Kiraly PY - 2006 ST - Preliminary report on the grid-based map-ping of invasive plants in Hungary. T2 - Neobiota TI - Preliminary report on the grid-based mapping of invasive plants in Hungary VL - 7 ID - 227 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Banks, B. T. J. C. Beebee LB - bank86 PY - 1986 SP - 350 ST - Climatic Effects on Calling and Spawning of the Natterhjack Toad Bufo calamita: Discriminant Ananlyse and Application for Conservation Monitoring T2 - Biological Conservation TI - Climatic Effects on Calling and Spawning of the Natterhjack Toad Bufo calamita: Discriminant Ananlyse and Application for Conservation Monitoring VL - 36 ID - 228 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study presents the results of a series of evaluations of a continent-wide soil database (EU/UN-ECE Level I) with the aim to estimate baseline soil carbon concentrations and stocks. The methodology included the biogeographic stratification of soil carbon measurements throughout Europe using climatic zones derived from the Soil Regions Map of Europe. The presented stock estimates range from 1.3 to 70.8 t C/ha for the O-layer, and from 11.3 to 126.3 t C/ha for the mineral soil 0–20 cm (Germany: 0–30 cm) (5 and 95 percentiles). Histosols were excluded because of methodological differences and data gaps. When looking at the median values of the strata investigated, relationships were found. For example, carbon stocks in the O-layer of sandy soils are distinctly higher than those of fine-textured soils. However, the variability is so high that some of these relationships disappear. For example in western and central Europe, the level of carbon stocks in the mineral soil between shallow soils (Leptosols) and more deeply developed soils (Podzols and Cambisols) do not differ very much. It was also found that just the investigation of topsoils is not sufficient to understand the regional pattern of organic matter in forest soils – unless the subsoil becomes included as well. It is hypothesized that for Europe, the impact of site factors such as climate, texture and relief are difficult to extract from such a database if the data are only stratified according to macro-climatic areas. It has to be considered that the effect of systematic error in the database is quite large (but cannot be identified on the level of the current data availability). In order to receive a first impression of the landscape-level distribution of carbon, a map of carbon concentrations in the topsoil was generated. The results support the relationships found between carbon stocks and site factors, such as climatic zones and soil type. Compared to the much lower carbon concentrations of agricultural soils, the results demonstrate clearly the importance of forest soils for the terrestrial carbon cycling in Europe. AU - Baritz, Rainer AU - Seufert, Guenther AU - Montanarella, Luca AU - Van Ranst, Eric DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.03.025 IS - 3 KW - Soil carbon concentration Soil carbon stocks Forest soils Upscaling Representativity Variability Baseline PY - 2010 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 262-277 ST - Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112710001787 VL - 260 ID - 3406 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Barry, R. G. LB - barry1992 PB - Routledge Physical Environment Series, University of Cambridge PY - 1992 ST - Mountain Weather & Climate TI - Mountain Weather & Climate ID - 229 ER - TY - BOOK AU - BARSCH, D. CY - Berlin, Heidelberg PY - 1996 SE - 331 ST - Rockglaciers. - Indicators for the Present and Former Geoecology in High Mountain Environments TI - Rockglaciers. - Indicators for the Present and Former Geoecology in High Mountain Environments ID - 230 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bartelme, N. ET - 3. Auflage PB - Springer Verlag PY - 2000 ST - Geoinformatik. Modelle, Strukturen, Funktionen TI - Geoinformatik. Modelle, Strukturen, Funktionen ID - 231 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Groffmann, K. J. A2 - Michel, L. AU - Bartenwerfer, H. CY - Göttingen LB - bartenwerfer1983 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Hogrefe PY - 1983 ST - Allgemeine Leistungsdiagnostik T2 - Intelligenz und Leistungsdiagnostik Enzyklopädie der Psychologie, B, Serie II Band 2 TI - Allgemeine Leistungsdiagnostik ID - 232 ER - TY - CONF AU - Barton, Mark AU - Oke, T. R. PY - 2000 ST - Tests of the performance of an algorithmic scheme of the hourly urban heat island T2 - Third Symposium on the Urban Environment TI - Tests of the performance of an algorithmic scheme of the hourly urban heat island ID - 233 ER - TY - JOUR AU - I.J., Bassett AU - C.W., Crompton PY - 1975 SP - 463-476 ST - The biology of Canadian weeds. 11. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and A. psilostachya DC. T2 - Canadian Journal of Plant Science TI - The biology of Canadian weeds. 11. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and A. psilostachya DC VL - 55 ID - 234 ER - TY - UNPB AU - Bassler, G. AU - Karrer, G. AU - Lichtenecker, A. CY - Wien PY - 1998 ST - Grünlandtypen im Transekt von Oppenberg bis Tauplitz T2 - Unveröff. Endbericht zum MAB-Pilotprojekt: Das Grünland im Berggebiet Österreichs TI - Grünlandtypen im Transekt von Oppenberg bis Tauplitz ID - 235 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - BA f. alpenländische Landwirtschaft Gumpenstein, BM für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Österr. Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.) AU - Bassler, G. AU - Lichtenecker, A. AU - Karrer, G. CY - Irdning PB - Eigenverlag der BA für alpenländische Landwirtschaft Gumpenstein PY - 2000 SP - 51-98 ST - Gliederung der extensiven Grünlandtypen im Transekt von Oppenberg bis Tauplitz T2 - Das Grünland im Berggebiet Österreichs - Nutzung und Bewirtschaftung im Spannungsfeld von Vegetationsökologie und Sozioökonomik TI - Gliederung der extensiven Grünlandtypen im Transekt von Oppenberg bis Tauplitz ID - 236 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Within the scope of the Man and Biosphere project “Grasslands of the mountain regions of Austria” a classification of grassland-communties of the central part of the Waldviertel (Lower Austria) was carried out. In this article we provide the classification of the extensively managed grassland in the central part of the Waldviertel. The intensively managed grasslands (Arrhenatheralia) are described in LICHTENECKER et al. (2003). The Waldviertel is located in the Lower Austrian part of the Bohemian Massif and reaches altitudes from 400 to 1000 m. Most soils are acid and the climate is rather hard (mean sum of precipitation/year: 570 to 730 mm, mean air temperature: 5,8 to 7,0°C). The relevés were taken in the field according to the Zürich-Montpellier school (BRAUN-BLANQUET 1964). First the data were analysed by divisive (TWINSPAN) and agglomerative cluster techniques (Ward’s method in PC-ORD). The final classification was obtained by manual sorting of species and relevés. The results were plotted in an ordination to show the relationship among the groups and to discover missclassified relevés. The following vegetation units were found: The Calthion vegetation types are typical for eutrophic, wet and base-poor soils that are widespread in the Waldviertel. Usually such meadows are mown twice a year. At the association level should be mentioned the Sanguisorbo-Polygonetum bistortae, the Scirpetum sylvatici, the Angelico-Cirsietum palustris and the newly described Carici vesicariae- Ranunculetum flammulae, which is concentrated on flat areas near rivers. The Angelico-Cirsietum palustris prefers nutrient poor soils and is related to the Violion caninae and Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae. Among the Scheuchzerio- Caricetae fuscae the Caricetum goodenowi and the Menyantho trifoliatae- Sphagnetum teretis are restricted to base-poor soils, the Valeriano dioicae- Caricetum davallianae prefers base-rich soils, that are developed only in the southern part of the study region. Habitats on very poor soils with units of the alliance Violion caninae became extremly rare in the Waldviertel like those of the Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae. The Carici paniceae-Nardetum strictae can be found in the southern Waldviertel on wet and base-rich soils. The Eriophoro angustifolii-Nardetum always is intermixed with Caricetalia fuscae vegetation. The newly described Avenulo pratensis-Koelerietum pyramidatae (in the order Koelerio-Phleetalia phleoidis) is restricted to south facing slopes on relatively base-rich soils, only documented in the southern part of the study region. AU - Bassler, G. AU - Lichtenecker, L. AU - Karrer, G. KW - extensive grassland, grassland management, classification, Waldviertel/ Austria, syntaxonomy, vegetation PY - 2003 SP - 7-48 ST - Klassifikation des Extensivgrünlandes (Feuchtwiesen, Moore, Bürstlingrasen und Halbtrockenrasen) im Zentralraum des Waldviertels T2 - Wiss. Mitt. Niederösterr. Landesmuseum TI - Klassifikation des Extensivgrünlandes (Feuchtwiesen, Moore, Bürstlingrasen und Halbtrockenrasen) im Zentralraum des Waldviertels UR - http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/WM_15_0007-0048.pdf VL - 15 ID - 237 ER - TY - CONF AU - Bastide, Alain AU - Lucas, Franck AU - Boyer, Harry CY - Montreal, Canada PY - 2005 ST - Impact of the atmospheric boundary layer profile on the ventilation of a cubic building with two large opposite openings T2 - Ninth International IBPSA Conference TI - Impact of the atmospheric boundary layer profile on the ventilation of a cubic building with two large opposite openings ID - 238 ER - TY - THES AU - Basu, R. PB - John Hopkins University PY - 2001 ST - Characterizing the relationship between temperature and cardio-respiratory mortality among the elderly U.S. population. (PhD dissertation). Baltimore, MD: Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, 2001. T2 - Baltimore, MD: Bloomberg School of Public Health TI - Characterizing the relationship between temperature and cardio-respiratory mortality among the elderly U.S. population VL - PhD ID - 239 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Basu, Rupa AU - Samet, Jonathan M. DA - December 1, 2002 DO - 10.1093/epirev/mxf007 IS - 2 PY - 2002 SP - 190-202 ST - Relation between Elevated Ambient Temperature and Mortality: A Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence T2 - Epidemiologic Reviews TI - Relation between Elevated Ambient Temperature and Mortality: A Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence UR - http://epirev.oxfordjournals.org/content/24/2/190.short VL - 24 ID - 240 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BAUDRY, J. AU - BUNCER, R. G. H. AU - BUREL, F. IS - 60 PY - 2000 SP - 7-22 ST - Hedgerows: An international perspective on their origin, function and management T2 - Journal of Environmental Management TI - Hedgerows: An international perspective on their origin, function and management ID - 241 ER - TY - THES AU - Andreas, Bauer CY - Wien PY - 2003 SP - 111 ST - The possible contribution of the Austrian Forest sector to climate change policies and implications of the Kyoto-Protocol T2 - Wood K Plus TI - The possible contribution of the Austrian Forest sector to climate change policies and implications of the Kyoto-Protocol ID - 3470 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bauer, H. AU - Marr, I. AU - Kasper-Giebl, A. AU - Limbeck, A. AU - Caseiro, A. AU - Handler, M. AU - Jankowski, N. AU - Klatzer, B. AU - Kotianova, P. AU - Pouresmaeil, P. AU - Schmidl, Ch. AU - Sageder, M. AU - Puxbaum, H. AU - TEAM, AQUELLA - CY - Wien PB - Technische Universität Wien Institut für Chemische Technologien und Analytik PY - 2006 SP - 174 ST - Endbericht für das Projekt "AQUELLA“ Wien Bestimmung von Immissionsbeiträgen in Feinstaubproben MA 22 – 3869/03 TI - Endbericht für das Projekt "AQUELLA“ Wien Bestimmung von Immissionsbeiträgen in Feinstaubproben MA 22 – 3869/03 UR - http://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/PubDat_173988.pdf ID - 242 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirt-schaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft A2 - Gesellschaft, Österreichische Bodenkundliche A3 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirt-schaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft AU - Baumgarten, A. et al. PY - 2013 ST - Bodenfunktionsbewertung: Grundlagen und Erläuterun- gen zur ÖNORM L 1076 TI - Bodenfunktionsbewertung: Grundlagen und Erläuterun- gen zur ÖNORM L 1076 ID - 3386 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Freizeitforschung, Institut für Integrativen Tourismus & AU - Ch., Baumgartner PB - Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2001 ST - Operationalisierbares Meßsystem für Nachhaltigkeit im Tourismus T2 - Kurzfassung TI - Operationalisierbares Meßsystem für Nachhaltigkeit im Tourismus ID - 243 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - BMWA AU - Baumgartner, C PY - 2001 SP - 15 ST - Operationalisierbares Messsystem für Nachhaltigkeit im Tourismus T2 - Kurzfassung TI - Operationalisierbares Messsystem für Nachhaltigkeit im Tourismus UR - http://www.wissen.dsft-berlin.de/Operationalisierbares_Messsystem_fuer_Nachhaltigke/Info-34-992-4-4.0.html ID - 244 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baust, J. G. AU - Rojas, R. R. PY - 1985 SP - 755-759 ST - Review - Insect cold hardiness: Facts and Fancy T2 - J. Insect Physiology TI - Review - Insect cold hardiness: Facts and Fancy VL - Vol 31(10) ID - 245 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bavay, Mathias AU - Lehning, Michael AU - Jonas, Tobias AU - Löwe, Henning DO - 10.1002/hyp.7195 IS - 1 PY - 2009 SN - 1099-1085 SP - 95-108 ST - Simulations of future snow cover and discharge in Alpine headwater catchments T2 - Hydrological Processes TI - Simulations of future snow cover and discharge in Alpine headwater catchments UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7195 VL - 23 ID - 3567 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Agricultural ecosystems have been viewed with the potential to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) by increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) through reduced tillage and cover cropping practices. There remains considerable uncertainty, however, regarding the carbon (C) sink/source potential of these systems and few studies have examined C dynamics in conjunction with other important greenhouse gases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an alternative management scenario (reduced tillage and cover cropping) on ecosystem respiration (RE) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes in a maize (Zea mays L.)/soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation ecosystem in east-central Minnesota, United States. The control treatment was managed using fall tillage with a chisel plow in combination with a tandem disk, and the experimental treatment was managed using strip tillage and a winter rye (Secal cereale) cover crop. Over the two-year study period (2004–2005), cumulative RE was 222.7 g C m−2 higher in the alternatively managed treatment as a result of increased decomposition of the cover crop residue. N2O fluxes were similar in both treatments during the 2004 growing season and were 100.1 mg N m−2 higher in the conventional treatment during the 2005 growing season after nitrogen (N) fertilization. N fertilization and fertilizer type were the dominant factors controlling N2O fluxes in both treatments. CH4 fluxes were negligible in both treatments and often below the detection limit. Cumulative growing season N2O losses in the control and experimental treatments, which totalled 38.9 ± 3.1 and 26.1 ± 1.7 g C m−2 when converted to CO2 equivalents, were comparable to the annual estimates of net ecosystem CO2 exchange in both treatments. This study further supports that N2O losses are an important component of the total greenhouse gas budget of agroecosystems. It also suggests that spring cover cropping, without residue removal, has limited C sequestration potential. The results from this study, however, may not necessarily represent equilibrium conditions in the experimental treatment. Rather, they are a measure of the transient response of the system after tillage conversion and cover crop addition. It is expected that the soil microbes will continue to adjust to the reduction in tillage and increased C inputs. Therefore, continued, long-term monitoring is needed to confirm whether the results are representative of equilibrium conditions. AU - Bavin, T. K. AU - Griffis, T. J. AU - Baker, J. M. AU - Venterea, R. T. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.005 IS - 3–4 KW - Reduced tillage Cover cropping Ecosystem respiration Soil respiration Nitrous oxide fluxes Methane fluxes PY - 2009 SN - 0167-8809 SP - 234-242 ST - Impact of reduced tillage and cover cropping on the greenhouse gas budget of a maize/soybean rotation ecosystem T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment TI - Impact of reduced tillage and cover cropping on the greenhouse gas budget of a maize/soybean rotation ecosystem UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880909002230 VL - 134 ID - 3334 ER - TY - WEB AU - BAYERISCHES AMT FÜR FORSTLICHE SAAT- UND PFLANZENZUCHT M1 - 23.11.2008 PY - 2008 ST - Merkblatt: Energiewald - Anbau schnellwachsender Baumarten im Kurzumtrieb TI - Merkblatt: Energiewald - Anbau schnellwachsender Baumarten im Kurzumtrieb UR - http://www.forst.bayern.de/asp/energiewald/28226/linkurl_2.pdf ID - 246 ER - TY - CONF AU - BayForklim LB - bayf99 PY - 1999 ST - Klimaänderungen in Bayern und ihre Auswirkungen T2 - Abschlußbericht des Bayeris TI - Klimaänderungen in Bayern und ihre Auswirkungen ID - 247 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bayforklim LB - bayf00 PY - 2000 ST - Schlußbericht TI - Schlußbericht ID - 248 ER - TY - CONF AU - BayForklim LB - bayf99 PY - 1999 ST - Klimaänderungen in Bayern und ihre Auswirkungen T2 - Abschlußbericht des Bayeris TI - Klimaänderungen in Bayern und ihre Auswirkungen ID - 249 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bayforklim LB - bayf00 PY - 2000 ST - Schlußbericht TI - Schlußbericht ID - 250 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bayliss, A.C. AU - Jones, R.C. PB - Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK PY - 1993 ST - Peaks-over-threshold flood database. Summary statistics and seasonality TI - Peaks-over-threshold flood database. Summary statistics and seasonality ID - 3568 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BBA PY - 2006 SP - 13 ST - EU-Maßnahmen gegen den Diabrotica T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - EU-Maßnahmen gegen den Diabrotica VL - 9-10 ID - 251 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bea, A. AU - Rodriguez-Teijeiro, J. D. AU - Jover, L. L. LB - bea86 PY - 1986 SP - 31 ST - Relations between Meteorological Variables and the Initiation of the Spawningperiode in Populations of Rana temporaria L in the Atlantic Region of the Basque Country (Northern Spain) Amphibia - Reptilia T2 - Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden TI - Relations between Meteorological Variables and the Initiation of the Spawningperiode in Populations of Rana temporaria L in the Atlantic Region of the Basque Country (Northern Spain) Amphibia - Reptilia VL - 7 ID - 252 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beaubien, E. G. AU - Freeland, H. J. LB - beau00 PY - 2000 SP - 53-59 ST - Spring phenology trends in Alberta, Canada: links to ocean temperature T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - Spring phenology trends in Alberta, Canada: links to ocean temperature VL - 44 ID - 253 ER - TY - BOOK AU - BECHERER, K. AU - EIBNER, C. AU - FISCHER, M. AU - HILGERS, M. AU - KLETTER, L. AU - PLESKOT, G. AU - SCHÖNMANN, R. AU - TURNOVSKY, K. AU - VORNATSCHER, J. PB - Forum Verlag PY - 1976 SP - 568 ST - Naturgeschichte Österreichs TI - Naturgeschichte Österreichs ID - 254 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BECHT, M. AU - DAMM, B. PY - 2004 SP - 180 ST - Geomorphologische und hydrologische Naturgefahren in Mitteleuropa T2 - Z. Geomorph. N.F. TI - Geomorphologische und hydrologische Naturgefahren in Mitteleuropa VL - Suppl.- Bd. 135 ID - 255 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beck, A. AU - Ahrens, B. LB - beck03cb N1 - submitted PY - 2003 ST - Multiresolution Evaluation of Precipitation Forecasts over the European Alps T2 - MZ TI - Multiresolution Evaluation of Precipitation Forecasts over the European Alps ID - 256 ER - TY - CONF AU - Beck, Christoph AU - Grieser, Jürgen LB - beck2003 N1 - Terra Nostra 2003/6, PS PY - 2003 SP - 35-39 ST - Extremniederschläge in Deutschland seit 1900 T2 - 6. Deutsche Klimatagung, Potsdam TI - Extremniederschläge in Deutschland seit 1900 ID - 257 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Beck, U. CY - Frankfurt am Main PB - Suhrkamp Verlag PY - 2008 ST - Weltrisikogesellschaft TI - Weltrisikogesellschaft ID - 258 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - BECKER, G. AU - MOHREN, R. PY - 1990 ST - Der Biotopflächenfaktor als ökologischer Kennwert – Grundlagen zur Ermittlung und Zeilgrößenbestimmung (Auszug) TI - Der Biotopflächenfaktor als ökologischer Kennwert – Grundlagen zur Ermittlung und Zeilgrößenbestimmung (Auszug) UR - http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/umwelt/landschaftsplanung/bff/ (abgefragt: 14.02.2013) ID - 259 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Sandfly fever virus is known to cause pappataci fever. The sandfly fever virus belongs to the Genus Phlebovirus (family: Bunyaviridae) and is endemically found in areas of South Europe, Asia and Africa. In Germany, pappataci fever is only described in connection with travelling to endemic areas. We report on a 15 year-old girl suffering from sandfly fever virus infection after vacation in Turkey. The initial symptoms started with fever for about three days, frontal headache, nausea and arthralgia. After a short time of clinical improvement symptoms recurred and our patient entered hospital with signs of severe meningitis. Liquor analysis showed a lymphocytic meningitis. Due to multiple insect bites on her legs sandfly fever was suspected. Blood analysis confirmed an acute infection with sandfly virus Sicilian from which she completely recovered. ELISA and immunoblot analysis revealed an infection with sandfly virus serotype Sicilian, which was not encountered with meningitis so far. Our case report illustrates that due to increased tourism sandfly fever virus infection has to be considered as a cause of aseptic meningitis in travellers. AU - Becker, M. AU - Zielen, S. AU - Schwarz, T.F. AU - Linde, R. AU - Hofmann, D. PY - 1997 SP - 377-379 ST - Pappataci fever T2 - Klinische Pediatrie TI - Pappataci fever UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9445923 VL - 209 ID - 260 ER - TY - GEN AU - BEDLAN, G. AU - KAHRER, A. AU - SCHÖNBECK, H. CY - Wien PB - Bundesanstalt für Pflanzenschutz PY - 1992 ST - Wichtige Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Gemüsebau T2 - Beratungsschrift der Bundesanstalt für Pflanzenschutz TI - Wichtige Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Gemüsebau ID - 261 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T. J. LB - beeb95 PY - 1995 SP - 219-220 ST - Amphibian breeding and climate T2 - Nature TI - Amphibian breeding and climate VL - 37 ID - 262 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T. J. C. LB - beeb85 PY - 1985 SP - 1-8 ST - Geographical variations in breeding activity patterns of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita in Britain T2 - J Zool. TI - Geographical variations in breeding activity patterns of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita in Britain VL - 20 ID - 263 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T. J. C. LB - beeb96 PY - 1996 SP - 21 ST - Ecology and conservation of amphibians T2 - Conservation Biology Series TI - Ecology and conservation of amphibians VL - 7 ID - 264 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T. J. C. AU - Griffiths, R. LB - beeb00 PY - 2000 SP - 270 ST - Amphibian and Reptiles T2 - HarperCollinsPublishers, London TI - Amphibian and Reptiles ID - 265 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T.J. LB - beeb95 PY - 1995 SP - 219-220 ST - Amphibian breeding and climate T2 - Nature TI - Amphibian breeding and climate VL - 37 ID - 266 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T.J.C LB - beeb85 PY - 1985 SP - 1-8 ST - Geographical variations in breeding activity patterns of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita in Britain T2 - J Zool. TI - Geographical variations in breeding activity patterns of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita in Britain VL - 20 ID - 267 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T.J.C LB - beeb96 PY - 1996 SP - 21 ST - Ecology and conservation of amphibians T2 - Conservation Biology Series TI - Ecology and conservation of amphibians VL - 7 ID - 268 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T.J.C. AU - Griffiths, R. LB - beeb00 PY - 2000 SP - 270 ST - Amphibian and Reptiles T2 - HarperCollinsPublishers, London TI - Amphibian and Reptiles ID - 269 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - (Hrsg.), Umweltdachverband AU - Behm, M. et al. CY - Wien PY - 2006 ST - Auswirkungen der Klima- und Gletscheränderungen auf den Alpintourismus TI - Auswirkungen der Klima- und Gletscheränderungen auf den Alpintourismus ID - 270 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Cavitron technique facilitates time and material saving for vulnerability analysis. The use of rotors with small diameters leads to high water pressure gradients (ΔP) across samples, which may cause pit aspiration in conifers. In this study, the effect of pit aspiration on Cavitron measurements was analysed and a modified 'conifer method' was tested which avoids critical (i.e. pit aspiration inducing) ΔP. Four conifer species were used (Juniperus communis, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, and Larix decidua) for vulnerability analysis based on the standard Cavitron technique and the conifer method. In addition, ΔP thresholds for pit aspiration were determined and water extraction curves were constructed. Vulnerability curves obtained with the standard method showed generally a less negative P for the induction of embolism than curves of the conifer method. Differences were species-specific with the smallest effects in Juniperus. Larix showed the most pronounced shifts in P50 (pressure at 50% loss of conductivity) between the standard (-1.5 MPa) and the conifer (-3.5 MPa) methods. Pit aspiration occurred at the lowest ΔP in Larix and at the highest in Juniperus. Accordingly, at a spinning velocity inducing P50, ΔP caused only a 4% loss of conductivity induced by pit aspiration in Juniperus, but about 60% in Larix. Water extraction curves were similar to vulnerability curves indicating that spinning itself did not affect pits. Conifer pit aspiration can have major influences on Cavitron measurements and lead to an overestimation of vulnerability thresholds when a small rotor is used. Thus, the conifer method presented here enables correct vulnerability analysis by avoiding artificial conductivity losses. © 2010 The Author(s). AD - Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrabe 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria INRA, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France Beikircher, B. Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrabe 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: barbara.beikircher@uibk.ac.at AU - Beikircher, B. AU - Ameglio, T. AU - Cochard, H. AU - Mayr, S. 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KW - Embolism Hydraulic conductance Pressure difference Vulnerability Water extraction Xylem pressure water article centrifugation conifer methodology physiology pressure Centrifugation Coniferophyta Pressure Water Juniperus Juniperus communis Larix Larix decidua Picea abies Pinus sylvestris LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 3 CODEN: JEBOA PubMed ID: 20551085 Chemicals/CAS: water, 7732-18-5; Water, 7732-18-5 PY - 2010 SN - 00220957 SP - 3385-3393 ST - Limitation of the Cavitron technique by conifer pit aspiration T2 - Journal of Experimental Botany TI - Limitation of the Cavitron technique by conifer pit aspiration UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77954768181&partnerID=40&md5=737b0be5ebb268d263e5903777bb07ec VL - 61 ID - 271 ER - TY - JOUR AB - An adequate general drought tolerance and the ability to acclimate to changing hydraulic conditions are important features for long-lived woody plants. In this study, we compared hydraulic safety (water potential at 50% loss of conductivity, Ψ50), hydraulic efficiency (specific conductivity, ks), xylem anatomy (mean tracheid diameter, dmean, mean hydraulic diameter, dh, conduit wall thickness, t, conduit wall reinforcement, (t/b)h2) and stomatal conductance, gs, of forest plants as well as irrigated and drought-treated garden plants of Ligustrum vulgare L. and Viburnum lantana L. Forest plants of L. vulgare and V. lantana were significantly less resistant to drought-induced cavitation (Ψ50 at -2.82 ± 0.13 MPa and -2.79 ± 0.17 MPa) than drought-treated garden plants (- 4.58 ± 0.26 MPa and -3.57 ± 0.15 MPa). When previously irrigated garden plants were subjected to drought, a significant decrease in dmean and dh and an increase in t and (t/b)h2 were observed in L. vulgare. In contrast, in V. lantana conduit diameters increased significantly but no change in t and (t/b)h 2 was found. Stomatal closure occurred at similar water potentials (Ψsc) in forest plants and drought-treated garden plants, leading to higher safety margins (Ψsc - Ψ50) of the latter (L. vulgare 1.63 MPa and V. lantana 0.43 MPa). These plants also showed higher gs at moderate Ψ, more abrupt stomatal closure and lower cuticular conductivity. Data indicate that the development of drought-tolerant xylem as well as stomatal regulation play an important role in drought acclimation, whereby structural and physiological responses to drought are species-specific and depend on the plant's hydraulic strategy. AD - Institut Fr Botanik, Universitt Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria Beikircher, B. Institut Fr Botanik, Universitt Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: barbara.beikircher@uibk.ac.at AU - Beikircher, B. AU - Mayr, S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1093/treephys/tpp018 IS - 6 J2 - Tree Physiol. KW - Embolism Hydraulic efficiency Hydraulic safety Phenotypic plasticity Stomatal conductance Vulnerability Xylem anatomy acclimation anatomy dicotyledon drought resistance hydraulic property hydrological response intraspecific variation irrigation system phenotypic plasticity population distribution population dynamics seasonal variation shrub stomatal conductance vulnerability water use efficiency xylem Lantana Ligustrum Ligustrum vulgare Viburnum Viburnum lantana water acclimatization article drought histology metabolism physiology plant stoma species difference Acclimatization Droughts Plant Stomata Species Specificity Water Xylem LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 21 CODEN: TRPHE PubMed ID: 19364707 Chemicals/CAS: water, 7732-18-5; Water, 7732-18-5 References: Alcamo, J., Moreno, J.M., Nováky, B., Bindi, M., Corobov, R., Devoy, R.J.N., Giannakopoulos, C., Shvidenko, A., Europe (2007) Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. 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AU - Lanteri, S. AU - Leonardi, S. IS - 3 PY - 1997 SP - 113 - 121 ST - Genetic variability among European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) populations in Piedmont, north-western Italy TI - Genetic variability among European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) populations in Piedmont, north-western Italy VL - 4 ID - 277 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bellone, E. AU - Hughes, J. P. AU - Guttorp, P. LB - bell2000a PY - 2000 SP - 1--12 ST - A hidden Markov model for downscaling synoptic atmospheric patterns to precipitation amounts T2 - Clim. Res. TI - A hidden Markov model for downscaling synoptic atmospheric patterns to precipitation amounts VL - 15 ID - 278 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Benestad, E. Rasmus LB - benestad2003 M3 - Report: Klima N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Norwegian Meteorological Institute PY - 2003 RP - StClB-Lit SN - 02/03 ST - Past and future trends in the occurrence of wet and dry periods TI - Past and future trends in the occurrence of wet and dry periods ID - 279 ER - TY - JOUR AB -

This paper provides an overview of climatic changes that have been observed during the past century at certain high-elevation sites, and changes in a more distant past documented by a variety of climate-sensitive environmental indicators, such as tree-rings and alpine glaciers, that serve as a measure of the natural variability of climate in mountains over longer time scales. Detailed studies such as those found in this special issue of Climatic Change , as well as those noted in this review, for the mountain regions of the world, advance our understanding in a variety of ways. They are not only helpful to characterize present and past climatological features in the mountainous zones, but they also provide useful information to the climate modeling community. Because of the expected refinements in the physical parameterizations of climate models in coming years, and the probable increase in the spatial resolution of GCMs, the use of appropriate data from high elevation sites will become of increasing importance for model initialization, verification, and intercomparison purposes. The necessity of accurate projections of climate change is paramount to assessing the likely impacts of climate change on mountain biodiversity, hydrology and cryosphere, and on the numerous economic activities which take place in these regions.

AU - Beniston, M. AU - Diaz, H. F. AU - Bradley, R. S. IS - 3/4 PY - 1997 SP - 233-251 ST - CLIMATIC CHANGE AT HIGH ELEVATION SITES: AN OVERVIEW T2 - Climatic Change TI - CLIMATIC CHANGE AT HIGH ELEVATION SITES: AN OVERVIEW UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/clim/1997/00000036/f0020003/00135992 VL - 36 ID - 280 ER - TY - BOOK AU - BENJES, H. CY - Bonn ET - 5., überarb. Aufl. N1 - Hermann Benjes Ill., graph. Darst. PB - Natur-und Umwelt-Verlag PY - 1998 SN - 3-924749-15-9 Pp. SP - 157 S. ST - Die Vernetzung von Lebensräumen mit Benjeshecken TI - Die Vernetzung von Lebensräumen mit Benjeshecken ID - 281 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Benning, T. L. AU - LaPointe AU - D AU - Atkinson AU - T, C. AU - Vitousek AU - M, P. LB - benn02 PY - 2002 SP - 14246-14249 ST - Interactions of climate change with biological invasions and land use in the Hawaiian Islands: Modeling the fate of endemic birds using a geographic information system T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Interactions of climate change with biological invasions and land use in the Hawaiian Islands: Modeling the fate of endemic birds using a geographic information system VL - 99 ID - 282 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Benning, T. L. AU - LaPointe AU - D. AU - Atkinson AU - T., C. AU - Vitousek AU - M., P. LB - benn02 PY - 2002 SP - 14246-14249 ST - Interactions of climate change with biological invasions and land use in the Hawaiian Islands: Modeling the fate of endemic birds using a geographic information system T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Interactions of climate change with biological invasions and land use in the Hawaiian Islands: Modeling the fate of endemic birds using a geographic information system VL - 99 ID - 283 ER - TY - THES AU - BENZ, W. PY - 1982 ST - Beobachtungen zum Auftreten und zur Populationsdynamik des Ampferblattkäfers an verschiedenen Standorten in Baden-Würtemberg T2 - Diplomarbeit an der Universität Hohenheim TI - Beobachtungen zum Auftreten und zur Populationsdynamik des Ampferblattkäfers an verschiedenen Standorten in Baden-Würtemberg ID - 284 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BENZARTI, J. PY - 1999 SE - 95 SP - 14 ST - Temperature and water-use efficiency by lucerne (Medicago sativa) sheltered by a tree windbreak in Tunisia. T2 - Agroforestry Systems TI - Temperature and water-use efficiency by lucerne (Medicago sativa) sheltered by a tree windbreak in Tunisia. VL - 43 ID - 285 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BERAN, F. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 1 ST - Die Bekämpfungsaktionen 1951 gegen Maikäfer und Engerlinge T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Die Bekämpfungsaktionen 1951 gegen Maikäfer und Engerlinge VL - 4 ID - 286 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Berger, E. CY - Wien PB - Böhlau Verlag GmbH PY - 2002-2004 SN - 3-205-99353-5 ST - Historische Gärten Österreichs TI - Historische Gärten Österreichs VL - Band 1.-3. ID - 287 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Berger, R. LB - berg92 PY - 1992 SP - 105-114 ST - Massenauftreten der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe Pristiphora abietina (Christ im Hausruck im Zusammenhang mit forstschädlichen Luftverunreinugungen. Dissertation TI - Massenauftreten der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe Pristiphora abietina (Christ im Hausruck im Zusammenhang mit forstschädlichen Luftverunreinugungen. Dissertation VL - 1 ID - 288 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Berggren, Dan AU - Bergkvist, Bo AU - Johansson, Maj-Britt AU - Langvall, Ola AU - Majdi, Hooshang AU - Melkerud, Per-Arne AU - Nilsson, Åke AU - Weslien, Per AU - Olsson, Mats CY - Uppsala LB - berggren:04 PB - SLU PY - 2004 SN - 87 ST - A description of the LUSTRA's common field sites TI - A description of the LUSTRA's common field sites ID - 289 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bergmann, F. LB - berg99 PY - 1999 SP - 81-86 ST - Langfristige Zunahme früher Bruten beim Teichrohrsänger (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) in einem südwestdeutschen Untersuchungsgebiet T2 - J. Ornithol. TI - Langfristige Zunahme früher Bruten beim Teichrohrsänger (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) in einem südwestdeutschen Untersuchungsgebiet VL - 14 ID - 290 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bergmann, Nadja. AU - Pimminger, Irene. PY - 2001 ST - ToolBox Gender Mainstreaming TI - ToolBox Gender Mainstreaming UR - http://www.g-i-s-a.de/res.php?id=144 ID - 3616 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Pimminger, Irene AU - Bergmann, Nadja. AU - Pimminger, Irene. CY - Wien PB - GeM-Koordinationsstelle für Gender Mainstreaming im ESF L&R Sozialforschung im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2004 ST - Praxishandbuch Gender Mainstreaming. Konzept, Umsetzung, Erfahrung. TI - Praxishandbuch Gender Mainstreaming. Konzept, Umsetzung, Erfahrung ID - 3617 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Berkes, S. LB - berk99 PY - 1999 SP - 109 ST - Witterungsabhängige Amphibienwanderung im NSG ``Ahrensburger Tunneltal`` im Frühjahr 1999 T2 - Seevögel: Zeitschrift Verein Jordsand TI - Witterungsabhängige Amphibienwanderung im NSG ``Ahrensburger Tunneltal`` im Frühjahr 1999 VL - 20 ID - 291 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bernays, E. A. LB - bern97 PY - 1997 SP - 121-123 ST - Feeding by lepitoptera larvae is dangerous T2 - Ecological Entomology TI - Feeding by lepitoptera larvae is dangerous VL - 22 ID - 292 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BERNER, M. AU - SCHNETTER, W. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 309-314 ST - Nematoden zur Bekämpfung von Maikäfer-Engerlingen T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Nematoden zur Bekämpfung von Maikäfer-Engerlingen VL - 1 ID - 293 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Stomata have played a key role in the Earth System for at least 400 million years. By enabling plants to control the rate of evaporation from their photosynthetic organs, stomata helped to set in motion non-linear processes that led to an acceleration of the hydrologic cycle over the continents and an expansion of climate zones favorable for plant life. Global scale modeling of land-atmosphere interactions provides a way to explore parallels between the influence of vegetation on climate over time, and the influence of spatial and temporal variation in the activities of vegetation in the current Earth System on climate and weather. We use the logic in models that simulate land- atmosphere interactions to illustrate the central role played by stomatal conductance in the Earth System. In the modeling context, most of the activities of plants and their manifold interactions with their genomes and with the environment are communicated to the atmosphere through a single property: the aperture or conductance of their stomata. We tend to think of the controls on vegetation responses in the real world as being distributed among factors such as seasonal patterns of growth, the changing availability of soil water, or changes in light intensity and leaf water potential over a day. However, the impact of these controls on crucial exchanges of energy and water vapor with the atmosphere are also largely mediated by stomata. The decisions 'made by' stomata emerge as an important and inadequately understood component of these models. At the present time we lack effective ways to link advances in the biology of stomata to this decision making process. While not unusual, this failure to connect between disciplines, introduces uncertainty in modeling studies being used to predict weather and climate change and ultimately to inform policy decisions. This problem is also an opportunity. © 2010. 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TI - Accouplement, periode d'incubation et premiers stades larvaires de Brachyptera braueri et de Perlodes microcephalus (Plecoptera) VL - 15 ID - 297 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Österreich, Ökosoziales Forum AU - BESENHOFER, G. PY - 2003 SP - 81-86. ST - Pflanzenkrankheiten - ein zunehmendes Problem TI - Pflanzenkrankheiten - ein zunehmendes Problem ID - 298 ER - TY - JOUR AB - From April 1977 to February 1978, wild mammals were trapped in a focus of low leishmanial endemicity (Baccinello) in the Province of Grosseto (Tuscany, Italy). Spleen homogenates of the trapped animals were injected i.p. into hamsters, from which spleen biopsies were taken after 60 days and impression smears carefully observed for the presence of Leishmania. Positive spleens were subinoculated into hamsters. 404 animals of 12 species were trapped: 31 insectivores, 317 rodents and 56 carnivores. Black rats (Rattus rattus) and field mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) were the rodent species most frequently trapped—160 and 139 respectively—of which 143 and 134 respectively were tested in hamsters for Leishmania. 35 foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were caught, of which 16 were tested for Leishmania. Four hamsters were found infested with Leishmania. Three of them had been injected with spleen homogenates from R. rattus and one from V. vulpes although liver and spleen impression smears of all trapped animals were negative for Leishmania on direct microscopical examination. The significance of Leishmania infection in wild animals in the leishmanial focus of Baccinello is discussed. AU - Bettini, S. AU - Pozio, E. AU - Gradoni, L. 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AU - Jones AU - T.H LB - beze98 PY - 1998 SP - 212-222 ST - Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analysis and guild effects T2 - Oikos TI - Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analysis and guild effects VL - 82 ID - 301 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bezemer, T.M. AU - Jones AU - T.H. LB - beze98 PY - 1998 SP - 212-222 ST - Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analysis and guild effects T2 - Oikos TI - Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analysis and guild effects VL - 82 ID - 302 ER - TY - UNPB AU - BFW CY - Vienna PB - BFW PY - 2009 ST - Digital Soil Map for Austria TI - Digital Soil Map for Austria ID - 303 ER - TY - WEB AU - BFW PB - Bundesforschungs- und Ausbildungszentrum für Wald, Naturgefahren und Landschaft PY - 2012 ST - Österreichisches Borkenkäfer-Monitoring. TI - Österreichisches Borkenkäfer-Monitoring. UR - http://bfw.ac.at/db/bfwcms.web?dok=5312 (abgerufen am 07.03.2013) ID - 304 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Biau, Gérard AU - Zorita, Eduardo AU - von Storch, Hans AU - Wackernagel, Hans DA - April LB - biau99a N1 - Es wurde ein Vergleich zwischen einer simplen Analogmethode und einem auf Kriging basierenden Downscaling verfahren durchgeführt. Als grossräumige Variable wurde das tägliche Bodendruckfeld (nur Winter) über 15-85N und 70W-20E verwendet(1899-1989; 5x5 Grad). ***sekunde mal - welcher datensatz ist denn das? der reicht ja enorm weit zurück! > ein anders ncep projekt (und nur NCEP, KEIN NCAR), man sieht das die daten nur bis 89 gehen und eine aufloessung von 5x5 grad haben, ich dachte das zitat ist eigentlich fuer uns nicht mehr interessant, aber hast recht den autoren namen sollte man schon kennen also: jetzt wollt ich nachsehen nur im paper steht nur daten von NCEP! Lokal wurden 50 Niederschlagsstationen auf der Iberischen Halbinsel, Südfrankreich und Nord Afrika verwendet. Die Kriggingmethode zeigte bessere Ergebnisse (r=0.34 gegenüeber r=0.15) bei der Rekonstruktion des Niederschlagwertes, jedoch schlechtere bei der Wiedergabe der Varianz des beobachteten Niederschlages als die Analogmethode. ***heisst das, dass die kriging methode bessere absolutwerte liefert aber den kurvenverlauf schlechter wiedergibt? schau bitte nochmal wie das obige r bestimmt wurde und ob zwischen verschiedenen unterschieden wird; > so ist es, nicht der kurven verlauf sondern die SDT (sorry nicht die varianz) stimmt nicht so gut ueberein wie die mittelwerte. die angegebenen korrelationen beziehen sich auf tageszeitreihen, beim vergleich von longterm means zeigen sich deutliche bessere ergebnisse typisch 0.7(krigging) 0.5(analog), um welchen mittelwert es sich handelt (saison, jahr, monat?) wird nicht geschrieben, (das ist natuerlich sehr schade) oder ich bin blind. wenn man die ein 3tages mittel durchfuehrt erhoehen sich die korrelation ein wenig sprich von 0.34 auf 0.5(na no na, ist ja auch zu erwarten) PY - 1999 SP - 1070 - 1085 ST - Estimation of Precipitation by Kriging in the EOF Space of the Sea Level Pressure Field T2 - J. Climate TI - Estimation of Precipitation by Kriging in the EOF Space of the Sea Level Pressure Field VL - 12 ID - 305 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie Bundesministerium für AU - Biermayr, Peter AU - Schriefl, Ernst AU - Baumann, Bernhard AU - Sturm, Ansbert PY - 2004 ST - Maßnahmen zur Minimierung von Reboundeffekten bei der Sanierung von Wohngebäuden (MARESI). T2 - Energie- und Umweltforschung 6 TI - Maßnahmen zur Minimierung von Reboundeffekten bei der Sanierung von Wohngebäuden (MARESI). ID - 306 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BILEWICZ-PAWINSKA, T. IS - 3 PY - 1995 SP - 349-372 ST - Occurence and parasitism of cereal bug species (Heteroptera) in different crop systems. T2 - Polish ecological studies TI - Occurence and parasitism of cereal bug species (Heteroptera) in different crop systems VL - 21 ID - 307 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bilitewski, B. AU - Mantau, U. PY - 2005 ST - Stoffstrom-Modell-Holz – Bestimmung des Aufkommens, der Verwendung und des Verbleibs von Holzprdukten T2 - Celle: Forschungsbericht für den Verband Deutscher Papierfabriken e.V. (VDP) TI - Stoffstrom-Modell-Holz – Bestimmung des Aufkommens, der Verwendung und des Verbleibs von Holzprdukten ID - 3471 ER - TY - JOUR AB - * 1In many European agricultural landscapes, species richness is declining considerably. Studies performed at a very large spatial scale are helpful in understanding the reasons for this decline and as a basis for guiding policy. In a unique, large-scale study of 25 agricultural landscapes in seven European countries, we investigated relationships between species richness in several taxa, and the links between biodiversity and landscape structure and management. * 2We estimated the total species richness of vascular plants, birds and five arthropod groups in each 16-km2 landscape, and recorded various measures of both landscape structure and intensity of agricultural land use. We studied correlations between taxonomic groups and the effects of landscape and land-use parameters on the number of species in different taxonomic groups. Our statistical approach also accounted for regional variation in species richness unrelated to landscape or land-use factors. * 3The results reveal strong geographical trends in species richness in all taxonomic groups. No single species group emerged as a good predictor of all other species groups. Species richness of all groups increased with the area of semi-natural habitats in the landscape. Species richness of birds and vascular plants was negatively associated with fertilizer use. * 4Synthesis and applications. We conclude that indicator taxa are unlikely to provide an effective means of predicting biodiversity at a large spatial scale, especially where there is large biogeographical variation in species richness. However, a small list of landscape and land-use parameters can be used in agricultural landscapes to infer large-scale patterns of species richness. Our results suggest that to halt the loss of biodiversity in these landscapes, it is important to preserve and, if possible, increase the area of semi-natural habitat. AU - Billeter, R. AU - Liira, J. AU - Bailey, D. AU - Bugter, R. AU - Arens, P. AU - Augenstein, I. AU - Aviron, S. AU - Baudry, J. AU - Bukacek, R. AU - Burel, F. AU - Cerny, M. AU - De Blust, G. AU - De Cock, R. AU - Diekötter, T. AU - Dietz, H. AU - Dirksen, J. AU - Dormann, C. AU - Durka, W. AU - Frenzel, M. AU - Hamersky, R. AU - Hendrickx, F. AU - Herzog, F. AU - Klotz, S. AU - Koolstra, B. AU - Lausch, A. AU - Le Coeur, D. AU - Maelfait, J. P. AU - Opdam, P. AU - Roubalova, M. AU - Schermann, A. AU - Schermann, N. AU - Schmidt, T. AU - Schweiger, O. AU - Smulders, M. J. M. AU - Speelmans, M. AU - Simova, P. AU - Verboom, J. AU - Van Wingerden, W. K. R. E. AU - Zobel, M. AU - Edwards, P. J. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01393.x IS - 1 KW - arthropods birds habitats indicator taxa monitoring semi-natural plants species richness PY - 2008 SN - 1365-2664 SP - 141-150 ST - Indicators for biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: a pan-European study T2 - Journal of Applied Ecology TI - Indicators for biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: a pan-European study UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01393.x VL - 45 ID - 308 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Biocca, E. AU - Coluzzi, A. AU - Costantini, R. PY - 1977 SP - 157-167 ST - Distribution des differentes especes de Phlebotomes en Italie et transmission des leishmanioses et de quelques arboviroses T2 - Editions du Centre Netional de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) TI - Distribution des differentes especes de Phlebotomes en Italie et transmission des leishmanioses et de quelques arboviroses VL - 239 ID - 309 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Biology, Evolutionary AU - Hall, Corson AU - Sciences, Applied Life IS - 6 KW - climate change feeding activity insect pest larval survival lepidoptera pinus range expansion spatial dynamics thaumetopoea pityocampa PY - 2005 SP - 2084-2096 ST - EXPANSION OF GEOGRAPHIC RANGE IN THE PINE PROCESSIONARY MOTH CAUSED BY INCREASED WINTER TEMPERATURES T2 - America TI - EXPANSION OF GEOGRAPHIC RANGE IN THE PINE PROCESSIONARY MOTH CAUSED BY INCREASED WINTER TEMPERATURES VL - 15 ID - 310 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BirdLife, International AU - W.W LB - bird97 PY - 1997 ST - Climate Change and Wildlife T2 - A summary of an international workshop TI - Climate Change and Wildlife ID - 311 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BirdLife, International AU - W.W. LB - bird97 PY - 1997 ST - Climate Change and Wildlife T2 - A summary of an international workshop TI - Climate Change and Wildlife ID - 312 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BIRKMANN, J. N1 - New York PY - 2006 ST - Measuring vulnerability to hazards of natural origin. Towards disaster resilient societies. T2 - United Nations University Press TI - Measuring vulnerability to hazards of natural origin. Towards disaster resilient societies. ID - 313 ER - TY - RPRT AU - al., Birngruber H. et PY - 2011 SP - 254 ST - CLISP – Climate Change Adaptation by Spatial Planning in the Alpine Space. Model Region Report – Upper Austria T2 - Project Report - ETC „Alpine Space“ programme 2007-2013 TI - CLISP – Climate Change Adaptation by Spatial Planning in the Alpine Space. Model Region Report – Upper Austria ID - 3387 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bisping, W., Amtsberg, G. CY - Berlin PB - Parey PY - 1988 SP - S. 212-213. ST - Farbatlas zur Diagnose bakterieller Infektionserreger der Tiere TI - Farbatlas zur Diagnose bakterieller Infektionserreger der Tiere ID - 314 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bisping, W. AU - Amtsberg, G. CY - Berlin PB - Parey PY - 1988 SP - S. 212-213. ST - Farbatlas zur Diagnose bakterieller Infektionserreger der Tiere TI - Farbatlas zur Diagnose bakterieller Infektionserreger der Tiere ID - 315 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bittermann, W. CY - Wien PB - Statistik Austria PY - 2005 ST - Energiebilanzen 1970 (1988) - 2004: Dokumentation der Methodik TI - Energiebilanzen 1970 (1988) - 2004: Dokumentation der Methodik ID - 316 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bivand, R.S. AU - Pebesma, E.J. AU - Gomez-Rubio, V. PB - New York: Springer PY - 2008 SE - 374 SN - 978-0-387-78170-9 ST - Applied spatial data analysis with R TI - Applied spatial data analysis with R ID - 317 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blab, J. LB - blab82 PY - 1982 SP - 9-28 ST - Zur Wanderdynamik der Frösche des Kottenforstes bei Bonn - Bilanzen der Jahreszeitlichen Einbindung (Amphibia: Salientia: Ranidae) T2 - Salanmandra TI - Zur Wanderdynamik der Frösche des Kottenforstes bei Bonn - Bilanzen der Jahreszeitlichen Einbindung (Amphibia: Salientia: Ranidae) VL - 18 ID - 318 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blab, J. LB - blab86 PY - 1986 SP - 150 ST - Biologie, Ökologie und Schutz von Amphibien T2 - Schriftenreihe für Landschaftspflege und Naturschutz, Kilda-Verlag, Bonn TI - Biologie, Ökologie und Schutz von Amphibien VL - 18 ID - 319 ER - TY - SER AU - BLAB, J. AU - TERHARDT, A. AU - ZSIVANOVITS, K. P. CY - Bonn PB - BUNDESFORSCHUNGSANSTALT FÜR NATURSCHUTZ UND LANDSCHAFTSÖKOLOGIE PY - 1989 ST - Tierwelt in der Zivilisationslandschaft. Teil I: Raumeinbindung und Biotopnutzung bei Säugetieren und Vögeln im Drachenfelser Landchen T3 - Schriftenreihe für Naturschutz TI - Tierwelt in der Zivilisationslandschaft. Teil I: Raumeinbindung und Biotopnutzung bei Säugetieren und Vögeln im Drachenfelser Landchen VL - 30 ID - 320 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blackmon, M. AU - Boville, B. AU - Bryan, F. AU - Dickinson, R. AU - Gent, P. AU - Kiehl, J. AU - Moritz, R. and Randall D. AU - Shukla, J. AU - Solomon, S. AU - Bonan, G. AU - Doney, S. AU - Fung, I. AU - Hack, J. AU - Hunke, E. AU - Hurrell, J. IS - 11 LB - blackmon2001 PY - 2001 SP - 2357--2376 ST - The Community Climate System Model T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. TI - The Community Climate System Model VL - 82 ID - 321 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blackmon, M. AU - Boville, B. AU - Bryan, F. AU - Dickinson, R. AU - Gent, P. AU - Kiehl, J. AU - Moritz, R.and Randall, D. AU - Shukla, J. AU - Solomon, S. AU - Bonan, G. AU - Doney, S. AU - Fung, I. AU - Hack, J. AU - Hunke, E. AU - Hurrell, J. IS - 11 LB - blackmon2001 PY - 2001 SP - 2357--2376 ST - The Community Climate System Model T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. TI - The Community Climate System Model VL - 82 ID - 322 ER - TY - THES A3 - Schopf, Univ.Prof. Dr.phil. Axel A2 - Baier, Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Peter AB - Unterschiedliche Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeiten des Fichtenborkenkäfers (Ips typographus) zwischen dem Inneren des Bestandes und dem, durch einen Lawinenabgang neu entstandenen, Bestandesrand, wurden bei dieser Arbeit verglichen. Die Auswirkungen großer Rindenverluste auf die Abwehrmechanismen von Picea abies wurden durch Harzfluss- Messungen und Inokulationsversuchen mit pathogenen Bläuepilzen untersucht. Die Studie wurde, nach einem massiven Lawinenabgang, in den Jahren 2009-2010 im Wildnisgebiet Dürrenstein durchgeführt. Entwicklungsrate und Ausbreitung wurde während 17 Monaten nach dem Lawinenabgang observiert. Südexponierte Randbäume wurden zuerst befallen. Bäume mit Rindenverlusten wurden später befallen als nicht verletzte Bäume. Gesunde, stehende Bäume wurden schon im ersten Jahr nach dem Lawinenabgang besiedelt. Potentielle Entwicklung und Verbreitung sowie potentielles Populationswachstum des Borkenkäfers wurden mit dem Phänologie Programm PHENIPS prognostiziert. Das Model behauptete sich erneut, da prognostizierte Entwicklungsstadien im Feld bestätigt wurden. Der Harzfluss der sechs verletzten Randbäume wurde mit sechs nicht- verletzten Bäumen im Bestandesinnerem verglichen. Ein signifikanter Unterschied wurde nicht festgestellt. Anatomische sowie physiologische Baumvariablen (Wassergehalt, Anzahl Rindenkanäle, Größe Harzkanäle, Anzahl Epithelzellen, Phloem- und Rindendicke) zeigten wenig signifikante Unterschiede (Wassergehalt und Phloemdicke). Individuelle Variablen werden in Korrelation mit ihrer geografischen Positionierung innerhalb des Bestandes diskutiert. Verletzte Randbäume zeigten signifikant größere, sekundäre Wundreaktionen als nicht verletzte Bäume im Bestandesinneren. Eine signifikante, negative Korrelation zwischen der sekundären Wundreaktion und dem Befallsdatum wurde festgestellt. Des Weiteren wurde eine negative Korrelation zwischen den beiden Abwehrreaktionen (Harzfluss und sekundäre Wundreaktion) festgestellt. Differences of bark beetle (Ips typographus)- infestation rates between the interior of the forest stand and a newly created forest border by an avalanche event were studied. The effect of severe bark loss on Picea abies defence mechanisms was examined by resin flow measurements and inoculation experiments with phytopathogenic fungi. The study was conducted after an avalanche event in the Wilderness Area “Dürrenstein”, in 2009-2010. Infestation rate and spread were observed over 17 months after the avalanche. Border trees exposed to the south were infested first. Trees with bark losses were infested later than non damaged border trees. Vital, standing trees were successfully colonised in the first year after the avalanche occurrence as bark beetle populations were very high. Possible spruce bark beetle development, -spread and population increase based on climatic data was prognosed using the phenology model PHENIPS. The model proved to be a reliable tool as developmental stages were confirmed in the field. Resin flow of six border trees with severe bark losses was measured and compared to six non damaged trees in the forest stand interior. No significant differences were found between these tree groups. Anatomical and physiological tree variables (water content, number of resin canals, size of resin canals, number of epithelial cells, phloem thickness and bark thickness) only showed few significant differences (water content and phloem thickness). Individual variables are discussed in correlation with their geographical position within the stand. The damaged forest border trees expressed significantly larger secondary wound reactions than the non damaged equivalents in the forest stand. This was tested by inoculating the trees with the phytopathogenic fungi Ceratocystis polonica and measuring the secondary wound reaction. A significant negative correlation between the mean secondary wound reaction and the infestation date was found. In addition, the two resistance mechanisms (resin flow and secondary wound reaction) were in negative correlation to each other. AU - Blackwell AU - Emma KW - Ips typographus, Massenvermehrung, Risikoanalyse, Lawinenereigniss, Scolytinae, Wundreaktion, Harzfluss Ips typographus, outbreak, risk assessment, avalanche, Scolytinae, wound reaction, resin flow LA - Englisch M1 - D-14855 PB - Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien PY - 2011 SP - 80 ST - Risk assessment of bark beetle outbreaks after an avalanche occurence in the Dürrenstein Wilderness Area T2 - H91600 Institut für Forstentomologie, Forstpathologie und Forstschutz (IFFF) TI - Risk assessment of bark beetle outbreaks after an avalanche occurence in the Dürrenstein Wilderness Area VL - Dipl.-Ing. ID - 323 ER - TY - WEB AU - Blanc, P. M1 - 1.6.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.verticalgardenpatrickblanc.com/#/en/resources ID - 324 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blanchard, R. PY - 1909 SP - 192 ST - A propos des Phlebotomes (Dipt. Psychodidae) T2 - Bull Soc Ent de France TI - A propos des Phlebotomes (Dipt. Psychodidae) ID - 325 ER - TY - THES AU - Blaser, P. LB - blaser:76 PB - ETH Zürich PY - 1976 SP - 1 - 5 ST - Die Vegetation als Podsolierungsfaktor. Versuch einer vergleichenden, quantitativen Erfassung TI - Die Vegetation als Podsolierungsfaktor. Versuch einer vergleichenden, quantitativen Erfassung ID - 326 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaser, P. AU - Reiser, M. LB - blaser:75 PY - 1975 SP - 199-214 ST - Eine topographische Bodensequenz in subalpinen Lawinenrunsen auf silikatischem Gestein T2 - Mitt. Eidg. Anstalt forstl. Versuchswesen TI - Eine topographische Bodensequenz in subalpinen Lawinenrunsen auf silikatischem Gestein VL - 51 ID - 327 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bläsing, I. LB - blae53 PY - 1953 SP - 112-152 ST - Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Umfang der ökologischen und physiologischen Toleranz von Planaria alpina Dana und Planaria gonocephala Duges T2 - Zool. J. Abt. Allg. Zool. Physiol. Tiere TI - Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Umfang der ökologischen und physiologischen Toleranz von Planaria alpina Dana und Planaria gonocephala Duges VL - 64 ID - 328 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaustein, A. R. S. B. Wake AU - Sousa, W. P. LB - blau94 PY - 1994 SP - 56-61 ST - Amphibians declines: jugging stbility, persistence and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions T2 - Conserv. Bio. TI - Amphibians declines: jugging stbility, persistence and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions VL - 8 ID - 329 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaustein, A. R. AU - Belden, L. K. AU - Olson, D. H. AU - Green, D. M. AU - Root, T. L. AU - Kiesecker, J. M. LB - blau01 PY - 2001 SP - 1809 ST - Amphibian breeding and climatechange T2 - Conservation Biology TI - Amphibian breeding and climatechange VL - 15 ID - 330 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaustein, A. R. AU - Wake, D. B. DA - Juni LB - blau95 PY - 1995 SP - 63 ST - Das Rätsel des Weltweiten Amphibiensterbens T2 - Spektrum der Wissenschaft TI - Das Rätsel des Weltweiten Amphibiensterbens VL - 58 ID - 331 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaustein, A.R. S.B. Wake AU - Sousa, W.P. LB - blau94 PY - 1994 SP - 56-61 ST - Amphibians declines: jugging stbility, persistence and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions T2 - Conserv. Bio. TI - Amphibians declines: jugging stbility, persistence and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions VL - 8 ID - 332 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We estimated how the possible changes in wind climate and state of the forest due to climate change may affect the probability of exceeding critical wind speeds expected to cause wind damage within a forest management unit located in Southern Sweden. The topography of the management unit was relatively gentle and the forests were dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). We incorporated a model relating the site index (SI) to the site productivity into the forest projection model FTM. Using estimated changes in the net primary production (NPP) due to climate change and assuming a relative change in NPP equal to a relative change in the site productivity, we simulated possible future states of the forest under gradual adjustment of SI in response to climate change. We estimated changes in NPP by combining the boreal-adapted BIOMASS model with four regional climate change scenarios calculated using the RCAO model for the period 2071-2100 and two control period scenarios for the period 1961-1990. The modified WINDA model was used to calculate the probability of wind damage for individual forest stands in simulated future states of the forest. The climate change scenarios used represent non-extreme projections on a 100-year time scale in terms of global mean warming. A 15-40% increase in NPP was estimated to result from climate change until the period 2071-2100. Increasing sensitivity of the forest to wind was indicated when the management rules of today were applied. A greater proportion of the calculated change in probability of wind damage was due to changes in wind climate than to changes in the sensitivity of the forest to wind. While regional climate scenarios based on the HadAM3H general circulation model (GCM) indicated no change (SRES A2 emission scenario) or a slightly reduced (SRES B2 emission scenario) probability of wind damage, scenarios based on the ECHAM4/OPYC3 GCM indicated increased probability of wind damage. The assessment should, however, be reviewed as the simulation of forest growth under climate change as well as climate change scenarios are refined. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. AD - Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 49, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden Blennow, K. Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 49, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden email: Kristina.Blennow@ess.slu.se AU - Blennow, K. AU - Andersson, M. AU - Bergh, J. AU - Sallnäs, O. AU - Olofsson, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s10584-009-9698-8 IS - 1 J2 - Clim. Change KW - Biomass models Climate change impact Climate change scenarios Control periods Critical wind speed Emission scenario Forest growth Forest management units Forest stand General circulation model Global mean warming Management unit Net primary production Norway spruce Picea Abies (L.) Karst Possible futures Projection models Regional climate Regional climate changes Site index Site productivity Time-scales Wind climate Wind damage Climate control Climate models Forestry Probability Productivity Climate change circulation modeling climate effect forest management general circulation model global warming grass index method net primary production wind velocity Growth Meteorology Seasonal Variation Sweden Picea abies LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 5 CODEN: CLCHD References: Ahti, T., Hämet-ahti, L., Jalas, J., Vegetation zones and their sections in northwestern Europe (1968) Ann Bot Fenn, 5, pp. 169-211; Alexandersson, H., (2006) Vindstatistik För Sverige 1961-2004, p. 47. , (In Swedish). Reports in Meteorology and Climatology 121, SMHI, SE-60176 Norrköping, Sweden; Almeida, A.C., Maestri, R., Landsberg, J.J., Scolforo, J.R.S., Linking process-based and empirical forest models in Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil (2003) Modelling Forest Systems, pp. 63-74. , UK: CAB International; Andersson, M., Dahlin, B., Mossberg, M., The forest time machine-a multi-purpose forest management decision-support system (2005) Comput Electron Agric, 49, pp. 114-128; Bamberg, S., Schwarz, W., Tranquillini, W., Influence of daylength on the photosynthetic capacity of Stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) 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PY - 2003 SP - http://www.slplan.de/Naturrasen/Gartenlaubkaefer.pdf ST - Gartenlaubkäfer (Phyllopertha horticola) TI - Gartenlaubkäfer (Phyllopertha horticola) ID - 361 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - zweite, aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage AU - Bodendorf, F. CY - München Wien PB - Springer Verlag PY - 2006 ST - Daten- und Wissensmanagement. TI - Daten- und Wissensmanagement ID - 362 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forest management is challenged by increasing needs to adapt practices to future climate change likely to be characterised by a changing frequency of extreme weather events, in turn in uncertain ways resulting in more pronounced disturbances on forests. In this paper, we explore the extent to which insights acquired by ecological theory, in particular with respect to stabilising properties, have been of use to forest management theory and practice, and whether these insights can be applied in a valuable way to forest managers in view of increasingly uncertain disturbance regimes. We find it highly unlikely that there exists one strategy option that can optimise for all types of disturbances and that can also maximise for all other demands placed on forest management. Therefore, management needs to be related to the most relevant disturbances; or, alternatively, a multitude of management options may be combined as an insurance strategy. Possibly, heterogeneous/mixed forest communities could insure against climate-change related pressures. We also note the importance of spatio-temporal scales when relating disturbance to stability, and thus the needs for advancing modelling in that field to assist in developing management strategies for the future. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Environmental Science Section, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Kalmar University, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden Bodin, P. 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PY - 2001 SP - 39 - 44 ST - Physiologie und futterbaulicher Wert des Ampfers T2 - BAL Gumpenstein Bericht 7 Alpenländisches Expertenforum TI - Physiologie und futterbaulicher Wert des Ampfers ID - 380 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Landwirtschaft, Lehr- und Forschungszentrum für A2 - Raumberg-Gumpenstein, A-8952 Irdning A2 - und, des Bundesministeriums für Land- A2 - Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft AU - Bohner, A. CY - LFZ Raumberg-Gumpenstein PY - 2010 SN - ISBN-13: 978-3-902559-41-8 ISSN: 1818-7722 SP - 111-120 ST - Zeigerpflanzen für die Beurteilung des Bodenzustandes im Wirtschaftsgrünland T2 - 2. Umweltökologisches Symposium TI - Zeigerpflanzen für die Beurteilung des Bodenzustandes im Wirtschaftsgrünland ID - 381 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Wissenschaften, Akademie der AU - Bohner, A. AU - Sobotik, M. CY - Wien PY - 2000 SP - 15-508 ST - Das Wirtschaftsgrünland im Mittleren Steirischen Ennstal aus vegetationsökologischer Sicht T2 - MaB-Forschungsbericht. Landschaft und Landwirtschaft im Wandel – Das Grünland im Berggebiet Österreichs TI - Das Wirtschaftsgrünland im Mittleren Steirischen Ennstal aus vegetationsökologischer Sicht ID - 382 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bohren C., Mermillod N. AU - N., Delabys PY - 2006 ST - Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Switzerland: development of a nationwide concerted action. T2 - Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection TI - Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Switzerland: development of a nationwide concerted action VL - 113 ID - 383 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bohren, C. AU - Mermillod, N. AU - Delabys, N. PY - 2006 ST - Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Switzerland: development of a nationwide concerted action. T2 - Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection TI - Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Switzerland: development of a nationwide concerted action VL - 113 ID - 384 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Böhringer, C. CY - Wien PY - 1995 ST - Allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle als Instrument der energie- und umweltpolitischen Analyse: theoretische Grundlagen und empirische Anwendung TI - Allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle als Instrument der energie- und umweltpolitischen Analyse: theoretische Grundlagen und empirische Anwendung ID - 385 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Changes to forest production drivers (light, water, temperature, and site nutrient) over the last 55 years have been documented in peer-reviewed literature. The main objective of this paper is to review documented evidence of the impacts of climate change trends on forest productivity since the middle of the 20th century. We first present a concise overview of the climate controls of forest production, provide evidence of how the main controls have changed in the last 55 years, followed by a core section outlining our findings of observed and documented impacts on forest productivity and a brief discussion of the complications of interpreting trends in net primary production (NPP). At finer spatial scales, a trend is difficult to decipher, but globally, based on both satellite and ground-based data, climatic changes seemed to have a generally positive impact on forest productivity when water was not limiting. Of the 49 papers reporting forest production levels we reviewed, 37 showed a positive growth trend, five a negative trend, three reported both a positive and a negative trend for different time periods, one reported a positive and no trend for different geographic areas, and two reported no trend. Forests occupy ≈ 52% of the Earth's land surface and tend to occupy more temperature and radiation-limited environments. Less than 7% of forests are in strongly water-limited systems. The combined and interacting effects of temperature, radiation, and precipitation changes with the positive effect of CO 2, the negative effects of O 3 and other pollutants, and the presently positive effects of N will not be elucidated with experimental manipulation of one or a few factors at a time. Assessments of the greening of the biosphere depend on both accurate measurements of rates (net ecosystem exchange, NPP), how much is stored at the ecosystem level (net ecosystem production) and quantification of disturbances rates on final net biome production. © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. AD - Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-0576, United States Boisvenue, C. Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-0576, United States email: celine@boisvenue.com AU - Boisvenue, C. AU - Running, S. W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01134.x IS - 5 J2 - Global Change Biol. 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Skovsgaard Springer Berlin PY - 2006 SN - 13541013 SP - 862-882 ST - Impacts of climate change on natural forest productivity - Evidence since the middle of the 20th century T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Impacts of climate change on natural forest productivity - Evidence since the middle of the 20th century UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33745958272&partnerID=40&md5=0806c2b70b86056f45448e9f9d4a8788 VL - 12 ID - 386 ER - TY - CHAP AB - A number of episodes are observed when the total ozone for 2 to 3 days has fallen below 220 matm-cm in the northern mid- and polar latitudes in autumn. The occurrences of such episodes represent ozone deviations of about one-third from the pre-1976 Oct-Nov-Dec monthly mean! By using primarily quality checked Dobson data, a clear identification was made of more than three dozen short spells with extremely low ozone in the 1957–1978 period. In the following twenty-two years (1979–2000), using mainly TOMS data, one can identify ~ 46 cases with ozone values falling below 220 matm-cm for longer than 1 day, with each time over an area greater than 500,000 km2 . The Ozone Mass Deficiency (O3MD) from the pre-1976 average ozone values over the affected area was ~2.8 Mt per day, i.e. four to seven times greater than it would be, assuming only a long-term trend in the Oct-Nov-Dec period. The Extremely Low Ozone (ELO3) events on the day of their appearance over the N. Atlantic/European region contribute to the O3MD by representing 16% of the deficiency due to the Oct-Nov trend in the entire 40–65° N latitudinal belt. The O3MD of the greater pool with low ozone (here taken as <260 matm-cm) surrounding the area of the lowest events could contribute on the day of their appearance in Oct-Nov up to 60% and in December, ~30% to the deficiency due to the trend over the entire 40–65° N belt. Analysis of synoptic charts, supported by a backward trajectory on the isentropic surfaces 350 and 380 K, shows that in most of the events, subtropical air masses with low ozone content were transported from the Atlantic toward the UK, Scandinavia, and in many cases, further to the western sub-polar regions of Russia. This transport was sometimes combined with upward motions above a tropospheric anticyclone which lifted low ozone mixing ratios to higher altitudes. The ELO3 events cause a significant deficiency above the tropopause where, in general, the subtropical air is injected. In fact, the overall amount of ozone is not depleted, but redistributed on the hemispheric scale. Review of low ozone events, defined as days with negative deviations from the pre-1976 averages greater than 25% show, in general, similar origin. The seasonally averaged area with ELO3 and the associated O3MD, as well as for the cases with deviations > –25%, has increased during the 1990s, which could be an indication of stronger and/or more frequent subtropical air intrusions. Their occurrences could contribute noticeably to the ozone deficiency of the middle latitude ozone during the days of ELO3 appearances; however, their contribution to the long-term trend of the ozone seasonal decline is of the order of ~10%. AU - Bojkov, R. D. AU - Balis, D. S. DO - 10.5194/angeo-19-797-2001 ET - 1999/11/30 KW - Atmospheric composition and structure (middle atmosphere - composition and chemistry) Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (middle atmosphere dynamics) PY - 2001 SE - 797 SP - 797-807 ST - Characteristics of episodes with extremely low ozone values in the northern middle latitudes 1957−2000 SV - 7 T2 - Ann. Geophys. TI - Characteristics of episodes with extremely low ozone values in the northern middle latitudes 1957−2000 UR - http://www.ann-geophys.net/19/797/2001/ VL - 19 ID - 387 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bolle, H. J. AU - Ehhalt, D. H. AU - Graßl, H. AU - Kley, D. AU - Volz AU - Olbers, D. J. AU - Schönwiese, C. D. AU - Stratmann, H. CY - Düsseldorf LB - vdik87a PB - VDI-Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft PY - 1987 SP - 185 ST - GLOBALES KLIMA - Mögliche Klimaänderungen durch anthropogene Spurenstoffe T2 - Schriftenreihe, Nr. 7 TI - GLOBALES KLIMA - Mögliche Klimaänderungen durch anthropogene Spurenstoffe ID - 388 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bolle, H.-J. AU - Ehhalt, D.H. AU - Graßl, H. AU - Kley, D. AU - Volz AU - Olbers, D.J. AU - Schönwiese, C.-D AU - Stratmann, H. CY - Düsseldorf LB - vdik87a PB - VDI-Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft PY - 1987 SP - 185 ST - GLOBALES KLIMA - Mögliche Klimaänderungen durch anthropogene Spurenstoffe T2 - Schriftenreihe, Nr. 7 TI - GLOBALES KLIMA - Mögliche Klimaänderungen durch anthropogene Spurenstoffe ID - 389 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bolliger, J. AU - Kienast, F. AU - Zimmermann, N. E. LB - boll2000a PY - 2000 SP - 99-111 ST - Risks of global warming on monaten and subalpine forests in Switzerland - a modeling study. T2 - Reg. Environ. Change TI - Risks of global warming on monaten and subalpine forests in Switzerland - a modeling study VL - 1 ID - 390 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BOLLOW, H. PY - 1960 SE - 86-101 ST - Die landwirtschaftlich wichtigen Erdraupen (Gattung Agrotis) T2 - Praktische Blätter Pflanzenbau und –schutz TI - Die landwirtschaftlich wichtigen Erdraupen (Gattung Agrotis) VL - 55 ID - 391 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Booker, F. L. 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PB - Droemer Knaur PY - 1998 SN - 9783426270448 ST - Globale Wende: Wege zu einem gesellschaftlichen und ökologischen Strukturwandel TI - Globale Wende: Wege zu einem gesellschaftlichen und ökologischen Strukturwandel UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=ReZLPQAACAAJ ID - 3510 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bosshard, T. AU - Kotlarski, S. AU - Ewen, T. AU - Schär, C. IS - 9 LB - Bosshard2011a PY - 2011 SP - 2777-2788 ST - Spectral representation of the annual cycle in the climate change signal T2 - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences TI - Spectral representation of the annual cycle in the climate change signal UR - http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/15/2777/2011/ VL - 15 ID - 3569 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Both, C. AU - Visser AU - E, M. LB - both01 PY - 2001 SP - 296-298 ST - Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird T2 - Nature TI - Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird VL - 41 ID - 396 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Both, C. AU - Visser AU - E., M. LB - both01 PY - 2001 SP - 296-298 ST - Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird T2 - Nature TI - Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird VL - 41 ID - 397 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Botond, M. AU - Botta-Dukat, B. PY - 2004 SP - 408 pp ST - Biologai invaziok magyaroszaragon Özönnövenyek T2 - Alapitavany Kiado TI - Biologai invaziok magyaroszaragon Özönnövenyek ID - 398 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Botosaneau, L. AU - Malicky AU - H LB - boto78 PY - 1978 ST - Trichoptera T2 - Limnofauna Europaeae. G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart TI - Trichoptera ID - 399 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Botosaneau, L. AU - Malicky AU - H. LB - boto78 PY - 1978 ST - Trichoptera T2 - Limnofauna Europaeae. G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart TI - Trichoptera ID - 400 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract Experiments and observations were made to study the flight behaviour and dispersal of I. typographus at a hibernation size, inside a forest area and between forest areas, respectively in relation to sex, size and fat content. The following results and conclusions are reached.Ips typographus beetles grown up in standing trees leave the tree to hibernate in the soil. The beetles hibernate in the soil 0–5 m from the tree in which they has grown up. During hibernation the beetles' fat content reduces with about 50% and when the beetles emerge at springtime, they may react directly to pheromones.In one day Ips typographus beetles can disperse over long distances (up to 750 m), and a homogenous distribution of the beetles over the forest area is reached as long as no pheromone sources exist that aggregate the beetles. The beetles are able to disperse over long distances (> 8 km) outside forest areas.The flight intensity of the beetles is positively correlated with temperature; at wind speeds over 1 m sec−1 the beetles fly mostly with the wind, at lower wind speeds they tend to fly against the wind after contact with pheromones.The dispersal and flight behaviour is not affected by the beetle's sex, size or fat content.The adult beetles that re-emerge from a tree to establish a second brood are at average larger than the beetles that remain in the tree; the males have built up a new fat reserve before they re-emerge.It is suggested that the dispersal and flight behaviour of the beetles reduces the effectiveness of mass trapping as a control strategy.It is hypothesized that a decreasing I. typographus population suffer a high mortality caused by predation and parasitism. Zusammenfassung Zerstreuung und Flugverhalten des Fichtenborkenkäfers Iyps typographus in Beziehung zu Geschlecht, Größe und FettgehaltExperimente und Beobachtungen über das Flugverhalten und die Zerstreuung der Käfer von I. typographus am Überwinterungsort sowie allgemein innerhalb und außerhalb von Wäldern unter Berücksichtigung des Geschlechts, der Größe und des Fettgehalts führten zu folgenden Ergebnissen.Die I. typographus-Käfer, die sich in stehenden Bäumen entwickelten, verlassen diese, um im Boden in 0–5 m Entfernung von ihrem Entwicklungsbaum zu überwintern. Während der Überwinterung verringert sich ihr Fettgehalt um etwa 50%. Wenn die Käfer im Frühjahr den Boden verlassen, können sie direkt auf Pheromone reagieren. Innerhalb eines Tages können die Käfer von I. typographus sich über ein größeres Areal (bis zu 750 m) zerstreuen. Solange sie nicht von Pheromonen aggregiert werden, ist ihre Verteilung im Wald homogen. Außerhalb des Waldes sind die Käfer imstande, lange Distanzen (über 8 km) zu fliegen. Die Flugintensität war mit der Temperatur positiv korreliert. Bei Windgeschwindigkeiten über 1 m/s flogen die Käfer meist mit dem Wind; bei geringerer Windstärke zeigten sie die Tendenz, nach Rezeption von Pheromonen gegen den Wind zu fliegen. Die Zerstreuung und das Flugverhalten wurden vom Geschlecht, der Größe und dem Fettgehalt des Käfers nicht beeinflußt. Die adulten Käfer, die einen Baum verlassen, um eine 2. Brut anzulegen, waren im Mittel größer als solche, die im Baum verblieben. Die Weibchen hatten einen neuen Fettkörper aufgebaut, bevor sie den Stamm verließen.Es ist anzunehmen, daß die Zerstreuung und das Flugverhalten der Käfer die Wirksamkeit des Massenfangs als Bekämpfungsmaßnahme verringert. Es wird die Hypothese aufgestellt, daß eine abnehmende I. typographus-Population eine hohe Mortalität durch räuberische und parasitische Feinde erleidet. AU - Botterweg, P. F. DO - 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1982.tb02594.x IS - 1-5 PY - 1982 SN - 1439-0418 SP - 466-489 ST - Dispersal and flight behaviour of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus in relation to sex, size and fat content T2 - Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie TI - Dispersal and flight behaviour of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus in relation to sex, size and fat content UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1982.tb02594.x VL - 94 ID - 401 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Böttger, H. LB - boet86 PY - 1986 SP - 128-133 ST - Zur Frage der Ufergehöze und des Beschattungsgrades bei Bächen des Norddeutschen Tieflandes T2 - Landschaft und Stadt TI - Zur Frage der Ufergehöze und des Beschattungsgrades bei Bächen des Norddeutschen Tieflandes VL - 18 ID - 402 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Böttger, K. IS - 1 LB - boet86b PY - 1986 SP - 10-14 ST - Aspekte der Gehölzbeschattung und Zielvorstellungen der Renaturierungsmaßnahmen am Unteren Schierenseebach (Schleswig-Holstein), unter besonderer Herausstellung der Odonata T2 - Natur und Landschaft TI - Aspekte der Gehölzbeschattung und Zielvorstellungen der Renaturierungsmaßnahmen am Unteren Schierenseebach (Schleswig-Holstein), unter besonderer Herausstellung der Odonata VL - 61 ID - 403 ER - TY - JOUR AB - INTRODUCTION:Although rapid cooling and management of circulatory failure are crucial to the prevention of irreversible tissue damage and death in heatstroke, the evidence supporting the optimal cooling method and hemodynamic management has yet to be established.METHODS:A systematic review of all clinical studies published in Medline (1966 to 2006), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature) (1982 to 2006), and Cochrane Database was performed using the OVID interface without language restriction. Search terms included heatstroke, sunstroke, and heat stress disorders.RESULTS:Fourteen articles reported populations subjected to cooling treatment for classic or exertional heatstroke and included data on cooling time, neurologic morbidity, or mortality. Five additional articles described invasive monitoring with central venous or pulmonary artery catheters. The four clinical trials and 15 observational studies covered a total of 556 patients. A careful analysis of the results obtained indicated that the cooling method based on conduction, namely immersion in iced water, was effective among young people, military personnel, and athletes with exertional heatstroke. There was no evidence to support the superiority of any one cooling technique in classic heatstroke. The effects of non-invasive, evaporative, or conductive-based cooling techniques, singly or combined, appeared to be comparable. No evidence of a specific endpoint temperature for safe cessation of cooling was found. The circulatory alterations in heatstroke were due mostly to a form of distributive shock associated with relative or absolute hypovolemia. Myocardial failure was found to be rare.CONCLUSION:A systematic review of the literature failed to identify reliable clinical data on the optimum treatment of heatstroke. Nonetheless, the findings of this study could serve as a framework for preliminary recommendations in cooling and hemodynamic management of heatstroke until more evidence-based data are generated. AN - doi:10.1186/cc5910 AU - Bouchama, Abderrezak AU - Dehbi, Mohammed AU - Chaves-Carballo, Enrique IS - 3 PY - 2007 SN - 1364-8535 SP - R54 ST - Cooling and hemodynamic management in heatstroke: practical recommendations T2 - Critical Care TI - Cooling and hemodynamic management in heatstroke: practical recommendations UR - http://ccforum.com/content/11/3/R54 VL - 11 ID - 404 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bounoua, L. AU - Collatz, G. J. AU - Los, S. O. AU - Sellers, P. J. AU - Dazlich, D. A. AU - Tucker, C. J. AU - Randall, D. A. LB - boun00 PY - 2000 SP - 2292 ST - Sensitivity of Climate to Changes in NDVI T2 - J. Climate TI - Sensitivity of Climate to Changes in NDVI VL - 13 ID - 405 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bovenberg, A. L. AU - van der Ploeg, F. LB - bovenberg1998 PY - 1998 SP - 50--137 ST - Consequences of environmental tax reform for unemployment and welfare T2 - Environmental and Resource Economics TI - Consequences of environmental tax reform for unemployment and welfare VL - 12 ID - 406 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bradley, N. L. AU - Leopold, A. C. AU - Ross, J. AU - Huffaker, W. LB - brad99 PY - 1999 SP - 9701-9704 ST - Phenological changes reflect climate change in Wisconsin T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Phenological changes reflect climate change in Wisconsin VL - 96 ID - 407 ER - TY - SER A2 - Nations, United AU - Bradshaw, Sarah. CY - Santiago, Chile ET - 32 PB - Sustainable Development and Human Settlements División, Women and Development Unit PY - 2004 ST - Socio-economic impacts of natural disasters: a gender analysis. T3 - CEPAL-SERIE Manuales TI - Socio-economic impacts of natural disasters: a gender analysis UR - http://www.eclac.cl/publicaciones/xml/3/15433/lcl2128i.pdf ID - 3618 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bradshaw, W. E. AU - Holzapfel AU - C.M LB - brad01 PY - 2001 SP - 14509-14511 ST - Genetic shift in photoperiodic response correlated with global warming T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Genetic shift in photoperiodic response correlated with global warming VL - 98 ID - 408 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bradshaw, W.E. AU - Holzapfel AU - C.M. LB - brad01 PY - 2001 SP - 14509-14511 ST - Genetic shift in photoperiodic response correlated with global warming T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Genetic shift in photoperiodic response correlated with global warming VL - 98 ID - 409 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Braithwaite, Roger J. AU - Zhang, Yu DO - 10.3189/172756500781833511 IS - 152 PY - 2000 SP - 7-14 ST - Sensitivity of mass balance of five Swiss glaciers to temperature changes assessed by tuning a degree-day model T2 - Journal of Glaciology TI - Sensitivity of mass balance of five Swiss glaciers to temperature changes assessed by tuning a degree-day model UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/jog/2000/00000046/00000152/art00002http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756500781833511 VL - 46 ID - 3570 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brandonisio, O. AU - Carelli, G. AU - Ceci, L. AU - Consenti, B AU - Fasanella, A. AU - Puccini, V. KW - Leishmania Leishmaniasis Dog Epidemiology PY - 1992 SP - 273-276 ST - Canine Leishmaniasis in the Gargano Promontory (Apulia, South Italy) T2 - European Journal of Epidemiology TI - Canine Leishmaniasis in the Gargano Promontory (Apulia, South Italy) UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/3521157 VL - 8 ID - 410 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brang, P. AU - Bugmann, H. AU - Bürgi, A. AU - Mühlthaler, U. AU - Rigling, A. AU - Schwitter, R. PY - 2008 SP - 362 - 373 ST - Klimawandel als waldbauliche Herausforderung T2 - Schweizer Zeitschrift f. Forstwesen TI - Klimawandel als waldbauliche Herausforderung VL - 159 ID - 411 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Protection forests are forests that have as their primary function the protection of people or assets against the impacts of natural hazards. The main 'product' of these forests are standing trees which act as obstacles to downslope mass movements such as rockfalls, snow avalanches, erosion, landslides, debris flows, and floods.The protective effect of these forests is ensured only if the silvicultural system used and any natural disturbances that occur leave a sufficient amount of forest cover. Management has therefore to take a very long-term perspective.This paper presents an overview of the occurrence and delimitation, ecology, stand structures and dynamics, and resistance and resilience of protection forests in the European Alps, and of suitable silvicultural systems. Guidelines for managing protection forests, which were developed collaboratively by Swiss forest managers and scientists, are described as an example of standardized decisionmaking in protection forests. Future research on protection forests should be directed towards synthesising existing knowledge in the natural sciences, engineering, and economics. AU - Brang, P. AU - Schöneberger, W. AU - Frehner, M. AU - Schwitter, R. AU - Thormann, J.J., et al. KW - protection forest, natural hazards, forest dynamics, forest management, stand structure, European Alps, decision-making PY - 2006 SP - 23-44 ST - Man-agement of protection forests in the European Alps: an overview T2 - For. Snow Landsc. Res. TI - Man-agement of protection forests in the European Alps: an overview VL - 80 ID - 412 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Braukmann, U. LB - brau87 PY - 1987 SP - 1-355 ST - Zoozönologische und saprobiologische Beiträge zu einer allgemeinen regionalen Bachtypologie T2 - Arch. Hydrobiol./Beih. Ergebn. Limnol. TI - Zoozönologische und saprobiologische Beiträge zu einer allgemeinen regionalen Bachtypologie VL - 26 ID - 413 ER - TY - THES AU - Braun, F. CY - Wien PB - Univ. f. Bodenkultur PY - 2009 SP - 142 ST - Sommer-Bergtourismus im Klimawandel: Szenarien und Handlungsbedarf am Beispiel des hochalpinen Wegenetzes TI - Sommer-Bergtourismus im Klimawandel: Szenarien und Handlungsbedarf am Beispiel des hochalpinen Wegenetzes VL - Dr. ID - 414 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Braun, L.N. AU - Weber, M. AU - Schulz, M. IS - 1 LB - Braun2000 PY - 2000 SP - 19-25 ST - Consequences of climate change for runoff from Alpine regions T2 - Annals of Glaciology TI - Consequences of climate change for runoff from Alpine regions UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2000/00000031/00000001/art00005 VL - 31 ID - 3571 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Braun-Blanquet, J. CY - Wien PB - G. Fischer Verlag PY - 1964 SE - 865 ST - Pflanzensoziologie TI - Pflanzensoziologie ID - 415 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Institut für Gewässerphysik der GKSS, Universität Hamburg AB - In diesem Artikel werden einige der Ergebnisse des Projektes "The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change", vorgestellt. Für dieses Projekt wurde ein Fragebogen an 1.000 Wissenschaftler in den USA, Kanada und Deutschland verschickt. In den Antworten finden sich Ähnlichkeiten und Differenzen zwischen den einzelnen Ländergruppen. Hier sollen die Ergebnisse für die deutsche Forschergruppe im Vordergrund stehen. Deutsche Forscher zeigen im allgemeinen das größte Vertrauen in die Zuverlässigkeit von Klimamodellen. Sie geben in stärkerem Maße als die anderen Gruppen an, daß Klimawandel negative Auswirkungen für ihre Gesellschaft haben wird und glauben in stärkerem Maße an die Notwendigkeit politischer Maßnahmen, um dem Klimawandel zu begegnen. Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen finden sich auch in der Bewertung der Beziehung Wissenschaft - Politik. Deutsche Forscher haben, prozentual gesehen, den geringsten Kontakt mit Medien und Politik. Trotz dieser geringen Kontakte ist die deutsche Gruppe jene, die am stärksten die Meinung zum Ausdruck bringt, daß es Forscher gibt, die in der Lage sind, die sozialen Auswirkungen eines Klimawandels bewerten zu können. Wissenschaftler aller betrachteten Länder zeigen sich unzufrieden mit der gegenwärtigen Beziehung zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik. Wir glauben, daß die Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Gruppen das Ergebnis der unterschiedlichen sozio-historischen Kontexte sind, in denen sich die Wissenschaft in den einzelnen Ländern befindet. Dies weist auf die soziale Konstruktion des Gegenstandes "Klima" hin. 1 AU - Bray, D. AU - von Storch, H. AU - Rau, S. CY - Geesthacht PY - 2007 ST - Der Klimawandel: Sichtweisen und Interpretation. Ergebnisse des Projektes „The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change“ TI - Der Klimawandel: Sichtweisen und Interpretation. Ergebnisse des Projektes „The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change“ UR - http://coast.gkss.de/staff/storch/pdf/thyssen.deutsch.pdf ID - 416 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brázdil, R. AU - Trnka, M. AU - Dobrovolný, P. AU - Chromá, K. AU - Hlavinka, P. AU - Žalud, Z. IS - 3 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0177-798X PY - 2009 SP - 297 ST - Variability of droughts in the Czech Republic, 1881–2006 T2 - Theoretical and Applied Climatology TI - Variability of droughts in the Czech Republic, 1881–2006 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-008-0065-x VL - 97 ID - 417 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The extreme drought event that occurred in Western Europe during 2003 highlighted the need to understand the key processes that may allow trees and stands to overcome such severe water shortages. We therefore reviewed the current knowledge available about such processes. First, impact of drought on exchanges at soil-root and canopy-atmosphere interfaces are presented and illustrated with examples fromwater and CO 2 flux measurements. The decline in transpiration and water uptake and in net carbon assimilation due to stomatal closure has been quantified and modelled. The resulting models were used to compute water balance at stand level basing on the 2003 climate in nine European forest sites from the CARBOEUROPE network. Estimates of soil water deficit were produced and provided a quantitative index of soil water shortage and therefore of the intensity of drought stress experienced by trees during summer 2003. In a second section, we review the irreversible damage that could be imposed on water transfer within trees and particularly within xylem. A special attention was paid to the inter-specific variability of these properties among a wide range of tree species. The inter-specific diversity of hydraulic and stomatal responses to soil water deficit is also discussed as it might reflect a large diversity in traits potentially related to drought tolerance. Finally, tree decline and mortality due to recurrent or extreme drought events are discussed on the basis of a literature review and recent decline studies. The potential involvement of hydraulic dysfunctions or of deficits in carbon storage as causes for the observed long term (several years) decline of tree growth and development and for the onset of tree dieback is discussed. As an example, the starch content in stem tissues recorded at the end of the 2003's summer was used to predict crown conditions of oak trees during the following spring: low starch contents were correlated with large twig and branch decline in the crown of trees. © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2006. AD - UMR INRA UHP Forest Ecology and Ecophysiology, INRA, 54280 Champenoux, France Mediterranean Forest Research Unit, INRA, 84000 Avignon, France Bréda, N. UMR INRA UHP Forest Ecology and Ecophysiology, INRA, 54280 Champenoux, France email: breda@nancy.inra.fr AU - Bréda, N. AU - Huc, R. AU - Granier, A. AU - Dreyer, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1051/forest:2006042 IS - 6 J2 - Ann. Forest Sci. 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M1 - 25.07.2011 PY - 2008 ST - Schnee in Kitzbühel: Die Anpassung des Wintertourismus an die Klimaänderung. TI - Schnee in Kitzbühel: Die Anpassung des Wintertourismus an die Klimaänderung ID - 419 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Breiling, M. AU - P, Charamza AU - R, Skage O. LB - brei97 PY - 1997 SP - 3895/222-I/9/95 ST - Klimasensibilität österreichischer Bezirke mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Wintertourismus T2 - Endbericht des Forschungsauftrages des Österreichischen Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaftliche Angelegenheiten TI - Klimasensibilität österreichischer Bezirke mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Wintertourismus VL - 8, Projektnummer 18 3895/222-I/9/95 ID - 420 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BRENNER, H. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 181-182 ST - Beobachtungen über den Beginn von Maikäferflügen nach der Temperatursummenregel von Horber T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Beobachtungen über den Beginn von Maikäferflügen nach der Temperatursummenregel von Horber VL - 1 ID - 421 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bretherton, Christopher S. AU - Smith, Catherine AU - Wallace, John M. DA - June LB - bret92a N1 - dieser artikel vergleicht verschiedene methoden um den zusammenhang zwischen zwei zeitreihen zu beschreiben; CPCA, CCA, SVD; für diese methoden wird eine gemeins. notation eingeführt; und die methoden werden etwas erklärt; letzendlich werden sie auf einen datensatz angewendet und verglichen; CPCA findet am besten die gekopp. muster in summe aber wird der SVD der vorzug gegeben; PY - 1992 SP - 541 - 560 ST - An Intercomparison of Methods for Finding Coupled Patterns in Climate Data T2 - J. Climate TI - An Intercomparison of Methods for Finding Coupled Patterns in Climate Data VL - 5 ID - 422 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Brickenkamp, R. CY - Göttingen LB - brickenkamp2002 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Hogrefe PY - 2002 ST - Test d2 Aufmerksamkeits-Belastungs-Test TI - Test d2 Aufmerksamkeits-Belastungs-Test ID - 423 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Stubbe, H. AU - Briedermann, L. PY - 1985 SP - 210-233 ST - Gamswild - Rupicapra r. r. (L). In; Hrsgb.: T2 - Buch der Hege, Band 1, Haarwild TI - Gamswild - Rupicapra r. r. (L). In; Hrsgb ID - 424 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Briggs, L. LB - brig97 PY - 1997 SP - 188 ST - Population fluctuations of Rana dalmatina in relation to climatic conditions and landscape change T2 - Rana, Sonderheft TI - Population fluctuations of Rana dalmatina in relation to climatic conditions and landscape change VL - 2 ID - 425 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change is expected to affect the Alps by increasing the frequency and intensity of summer drought events with negative impacts on ecosystem water resources. The response of CO 2 and H 2O exchange of a mountain grassland to natural fluctuations of soil water content was evaluated during 2001-2009. In addition, the physiological performance of individual mountain forb and graminoid plant species under progressive soil water shortage was explored in a laboratory drought experiment. During the 9-year study period the natural occurrence of moderately to extremely dry periods did not lead to substantial reductions in net ecosystem CO 2 exchange and evapotranspiration. Laboratory drought experiments confirmed that all the surveyed grassland plant species were insensitive to progressive soil drying until very low soil water contents (<0.01m 3m -3) were reached after several days of drought. In field conditions, such a low threshold was never reached. Re-watering after a short-term drought event (5±1days) resulted in a fast and complete recovery of the leaf CO 2 and H 2O gas exchange of the investigated plant species. We conclude that the present-day frequency and intensity of dry periods does not substantially affect the functioning of the investigated grassland ecosystem. During dry periods the observed " water spending" strategy employed by the investigated mountain grassland species is expected to provide a cooling feedback on climate warming, but may have negative consequences for down-stream water users. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. AD - Ionicon Analytik GmbH, Eduard-Bodem-Gasse 3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Inst. of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria National Research Council, Institute for the Protection of Plants, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy ETH Zürich, Institute of Plant, Animal and Agroecosystem Sciences, Universitätsstr. 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland Wohlfahrt, G. Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: Georg.Wohlfahrt@uibk.ac.at AU - Brilli, F. AU - Hörtnagl, L. AU - Hammerle, A. AU - Haslwanter, A. AU - Hansel, A. AU - Loreto, F. AU - Wohlfahrt, G. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.007 IS - 12 J2 - Agric. For. Meterol. 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Kendrick, A. Meeraus and R. Raman CY - Washington D.C. PY - 1998 ST - GAMS: A User’s Guide TI - GAMS: A User’s Guide ID - 434 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brown, D. DA - August LB - brow00 PY - 2000 SP - 413 ST - When do frogs emerge from hibernation (and how do we know)? T2 - British Wildlife TI - When do frogs emerge from hibernation (and how do we know)? VL - 20 ID - 435 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brown, J. L. AU - Li AU - H, S. AU - Bhagabati AU - N LB - brow99 PY - 1999 SP - 5565-5569 ST - Long-term trend toward earlier breeding in an American bird: A response to global warming? T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Long-term trend toward earlier breeding in an American bird: A response to global warming? VL - 96 ID - 436 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brown, J. L. AU - Li AU - H., S. AU - Bhagabati AU - N. LB - brow99 PY - 1999 SP - 5565-5569 ST - Long-term trend toward earlier breeding in an American bird: A response to global warming? T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Long-term trend toward earlier breeding in an American bird: A response to global warming? VL - 96 ID - 437 ER - TY - GEN AU - Brown, L.C. AU - Forster, G.R. PY - 1987 SP - 379-386 ST - Storm erosivity using idealized intensity distributions T2 - Transactions of the ASAE TI - Storm erosivity using idealized intensity distributions VL - 30 ID - 438 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BRUCKHAUS, A. AU - BUCHNER, W. IS - 73 PY - 1995 SP - 435-465 ST - Hecken in der Agrarlandschaft: Auswirkungen auf Feldfruchtertrag und ökologische Kenngrößen T2 - Ber.Ldw TI - Hecken in der Agrarlandschaft: Auswirkungen auf Feldfruchtertrag und ökologische Kenngrößen ID - 439 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effects of warming on a montane meadow was simulated by a translocation experiment. A coherent piece of turf and soil was transferred from 600 m to 170 m a.s.l., corresponding to an increase in temperature of ca. 2.8 K. The vegetation was monitored by recording cover and counting individuals one year before the translocation and continued for the subsequent seven years. For comparison, a control plot that had also been translocated but remained at 600 m was monitored. Four of eight species with a montane distribution in Europe showed a constant degree of cover during the investigation period (Nardus stricta, Poa chaixii, Polygonatum verticillatum, Potentilla erecta). In contrast, another four montane species declined in cover or died out (Arnica montana, Meum athamanticum, Hypericum maculatum, Galium harcynicum). None of these species declined on the control plot. It is argued that the species' responded individualistically to the site factors that had changed with the translocation to low altitude. A direct effect of enhanced temperature was probably the reason for the decline of only one species (Meum athamanticum). Reduced humidity might be the reason for the extinction of two moisture demanding species (Viola palustris, Succisa pratensis). The biomass of the plot increased by increased growth of one of the matrix species (Festuca rubra), probably due to elevated nutrient mineralization. Many low growing species responded indirectly to the reduced light availability, caused by an increased level of competition for light (e.g. Galium harcynicum). Increased slug herbivory at low altitude resulted in the extinction of Arnica montana. At the end of the investigation period, the similarity in species composition to the initial state was only 45%, indicating that the community had changed into a different plant association. The importance of considering biotic interactions when predicting the impacts of climate change is discussed. AU - Bruelheide, H. PY - 2003 SP - 23-34 ST - Translocation of a montane meadow to simulate the potential impact of climate change T2 - Applied Vegetation Science TI - Translocation of a montane meadow to simulate the potential impact of climate change VL - 6 ID - 440 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brügger, R. AU - Vassella, A. LB - brue03 PY - 2003 SP - 287 ST - Pflanzen im Wandel der Jahreszeiten T2 - Geographica Bernensia, Geographisches Institut der Universität Bern, Schweiz TI - Pflanzen im Wandel der Jahreszeiten ID - 441 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bruijs, M. C. AU - Kelleher AU - B AU - Velde, Van der AU - G AU - Vaate, Bij de AU - A LB - brui01 PY - 2001 SP - 633-646 ST - Oxygen consumption, temperature and salinity tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus: indicators of further dispersal via ballast water transport T2 - Arch. hydrobiol. TI - Oxygen consumption, temperature and salinity tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus: indicators of further dispersal via ballast water transport VL - 15 ID - 442 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bruijs, M.C. AU - Kelleher AU - B. AU - Velde, Van der AU - G. AU - Vaate, Bij de AU - A. LB - brui01 PY - 2001 SP - 633-646 ST - Oxygen consumption, temperature and salinity tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus: indicators of further dispersal via ballast water transport T2 - Arch. hydrobiol. TI - Oxygen consumption, temperature and salinity tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus: indicators of further dispersal via ballast water transport VL - 15 ID - 443 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A new daily precipitation dataset, for the period 1920-1998, comprising seven stations located in the northeastern Italy is presented. Seasonal and annual precipitation and number of rainy days have been analysed and a study aimed at investigating precipitation intensity and extreme events has been performed. Precipitation intensity has been analysed through studying both the mean precipitation amount per wet day and dividing precipitation into heavy and non-heavy classes. In addition, the return period of the extreme events has been calculated for 30-year running windows and its variations have been examined. The results show a negative trend in the number of wet days associated with an increase in the contribution of heavy rainfall events to total precipitation. This is in agreement with a reduction in return period for extreme events since 1920. AU - Brunetti, M. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Nanni, T. LB - brunetti2001 PY - 2001 SP - 861-871 ST - Changes in Total Precipitation, Rainy Days and Extreme Events in Northeastern Italy T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Changes in Total Precipitation, Rainy Days and Extreme Events in Northeastern Italy VL - 21 ID - 444 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The paper investigates precipitation variability in the greater Alpine region (GAR) (4-19°E, 43-49°N) based on 192 instrumental series of homogenized and outlier checked monthly precipitation and on the 1° gridded version of the same data set. Compared to the previous data sets, the one used in this paper adds a full century of data (earliest series starting in 1800) by exploiting the early instrumental period as much as possible in terms of series length and spatial density. The records were clustered into climatically homogeneous subregions, by means of a principal component analysis, and average subregional series were calculated. The principal component analysis was applied also in T-mode to investigate the most recursive precipitation patterns that characterize the examined area. Yearly and seasonal trend analysis was performed both on subregional average series and on the mean GAR series. It was also applied to moving windows, of variable width ranging from 2 decades to 2 centuries, in order to investigate any trends over decadal to secular timescales. Beside trends in total precipitation, precipitation seasonality was also analyzed as an important indicator of climate changes. Links between precipitation variability in the Alpine region and atmospheric circulation, and the North Atlantic Oscillation in particular, were also studied. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union. AD - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Italian National Research Council, via Gobetti, 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy Istituto di Fisica Generale Applicata, via Brera, 28, I-20121 Milan, Italy Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Hohe Warte 38, A-1190 Vienna, Austria Brunetti, M. Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Italian National Research Council, via Gobetti, 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy email: m.brunetti@isac.cnr.it AU - Brunetti, M. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Nanni, T. AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1029/2005JD006674 IS - 11 J2 - J. Geophys. Res. D Atmos. KW - Climate change Climatology Meteorological instruments Precipitation (meteorology) Principal component analysis Weather forecasting precipitation assessment principal component analysis trend analysis Alps Eurasia Europe LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 40 Art. No.: D11107 References: Auer, I., Niederschlagsschwankungen in Österreich (1993) Österreichische Beitr. Meteorol. Geophys., 7, pp. 1-73; Auer, I., Böhm, R., Combined temperature-precipitation variations in Austria during the instrumental period (1994) Theor. Appl. Climatol., 49, pp. 161-174; Auer, I., Böhm, R., Schöner, W., Austrian long-term climate 1767-2000, multiple climate time series from central Europe (2001) Österreichische Beitr. Meteorol. Geophys., 25, pp. 1-147; Auer, I., A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater Alpine region for the period 1800-2002 (2005) Int. J. Climatol., 25, pp. 139-166; Auer, I., HISTALP - Historical Instrumental Surface Climatological Time Series of the Alpine region (2006) Int. J. Climatol., , in press; Begert, M., Schlegel, T., Kirchhofer, W., Homogeneous temperature and precipitation series of Switzerland from 1864 to 2000 (2005) Int. J. Climatol., 25, pp. 65-80; Böhm, R., Auer, I., Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Nanni, T., Schöner, W., Regional temperature variability in the European Alps 1760-1998 from homogenized instrumental time series (2001) Int. J. Climatol., 21, pp. 1779-1801; Böhm, R., Der Alpine Niederschlagsdipol - Ein dominierendes Schwankungsmuster der Klimavariabilität in den Scales 100 km - 100 Jahre (2003) Terra Nostra, 6, pp. 61-65; Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Nanni, T., Atmospheric circulation and precipitation in Italy for the last 50 years (2002) Int. J. Climatol., 22, pp. 1455-1471; Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Monti, F., Nanni, T., Changes in daily precipitation frequency and distribution in Italy over the last 120 years (2004) J. Geophys. Res., 109. , D05102, doi:10.1029/2003JD004296; Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Monti, F., Nanni, T., Temperature and precipitation variability in Italy in the last two centuries from homogenized instrumental time series (2006) Int. J. Climatol., 26, pp. 345-381; Buffoni, L., Maugeri, M., Nanni, T., Precipitation in Italy from 1833 to 1996 (1999) Theor. Appl. Climatol., 63, pp. 33-40; Busuic, A., Chen, D., Hellstrom, C., Temporal and spatial variability of precipitation in Sweden and its link with the large-scale atmospheric circulation (2001) Tellus, Ser. A, 53, pp. 348-367; Førland, E.J., (1996) Manual for Operational Correction of Nordic Precipitation Data, p. 66. , Rep. 24/96, Norw. Meteorol. Inst., Oslo; Førland, E.J., Hanssen-Bauer, I., Increased precipitation in the Norwegian Arctic: True or false? (2000) Clim. Change, 46, pp. 485-509; Frei, C., Schär, C., A precipitation climatology of the Alps from high-resolution rain-gauge observations (1998) Int. J. Climatol., 18, pp. 873-900; Groisman, P.Y., Koknaeva, V.V., Belokrylova, T.A., Karl, T.R., Overcoming biases of precipitation measurement: A history of USSR experience (1991) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 72, pp. 1725-1732; Hurrell, J.W., Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional temperature and precipitation (1995) Science, 269, pp. 676-679; Hurrell, J.W., Van Loon, H., Decadal variation in climate associated with the north atlantic oscillation (1997) Clim. Change, 36, pp. 301-326; Joliffe, I.T., (1986) Principal Component Analyses, p. 271. , Springer, New York; Matulla, C., Auer, I., Böhm, R., Ungersböck, M., Schöner, W., Wagner, S., Zorita, E., Outstanding past decadal-scale climate events in the greater Alpine region analysed by 250 years data and model runs (2005), pp. 1-113. , GKSS-Rep., 2005/4 GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Hamburg, GermanyMoisselin, J.-M., Schmeider, M., Canellas, C., Mestre, O., Changements climatiques en France au 20ème siècle. Étude des longues séries de données homogénéisées franca̧ises de précipitations et temperatures (2002) Meteorologie, 38, pp. 45-56; Schmidli, J., Schmutz, C., Frei, C., Wanner, H., Schär, C., Mesoscale precipitation variability in the region of the European Alps during the 20th century (2002) Int. J. Climatol., 22, pp. 1049-1074; Schönwiese, C.D., Rapp, J., (1997) Climate Trend Atlas of Europe. Based on Observations 1901-1990, p. 228. , Springer, New York; Sevruk, B., Corrections of Precipitation Measurements (1986) WMO/IAHS/ETH Workshop, World Meteorol. Organ., , paper presented at, Zürich, Switzerland, 1-3 Apr; Sneyers, R., On the statistical analysis of series of observation (1990), p. 192. , Tech. Note 143 World Meteorol. Organ., Geneva, SwiterlandSumner, G., Homar, V., Ramis, C., Precipitation seasonality in eastern and southern coastal Spain (2001) Int. J. Climatol., 21, pp. 219-247; Türkes, M., Erlat, E., Climatological responses of winter precipitation in Turkey to variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation during the period 1930-2001 (2005) Theor. Appl. Climatol., 81, pp. 45-69; Widmann, M.L., Schär, C., A principal component and longterm trend analysi of daily precipitation in Switzerland (1997) Int. J. Climatol., pp. 1333-1356; Wilks, D.S., (1995) Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences, , Elsevier, New York PY - 2006 SN - 01480227 ST - Precipitation variability and changes in the greater Alpine region over the 1800-2003 period T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres TI - Precipitation variability and changes in the greater Alpine region over the 1800-2003 period UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33746583604&partnerID=40&md5=440a7b59649a1f14908438f1ea077d2e VL - 111 ID - 445 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper proposes a methodology to study daily precipitation series that include a significant proportion of missing data, without resorting to completion methods based on randomly generated numbers. It is applied to a data set consisting of 75 station records (1951-2000) covering the Italian territory. They are clustered by principal component analysis into six regions: the north-west, the northern part of the north-east, the southern part of the north-east, the centre, the south and the islands (i.e. Sicily and Sardinia). Complete annual and seasonal regional average series are obtained from the incomplete station records, and analysed for droughts and extreme precipitation events. Droughts are identified by means of two indicators: the longest dry period and the proportion of dry days. The most remarkable result is a systematic increase in winter droughts over all of Italy, especially in the north, due mainly to the very dry 1987-93 period. Extreme events are analysed considering 5 day regional totals. In this case, however, an attempt to search for a statistically significant trend is not successful because of the scarcity of events in such a short period. The reliability of the regional series is checked by computing some basic statistics concerning total precipitation, rainy days and precipitation intensity and comparing them with the same statistics computed for regional series obtained by station records completed with methods based on random number generators. AU - Brunetti, M. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Nanni, T. AU - Navarra, A. LB - brunetti2002 PY - 2002 SP - 543-558 ST - Droughts and Extreme Events in Regional Daily Italian Precipitation Series T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Droughts and Extreme Events in Regional Daily Italian Precipitation Series VL - 22 ID - 446 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Brunner, Conrad U. AU - Steinemann, Urs AU - Jürg, Nipkow PB - Bundesamt für Bauten und Logistik PY - 2008 ST - Bauen, wenn das Klima wärmer wird TI - Bauen, wenn das Klima wärmer wird ID - 447 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BRUSE, M. PY - 2004 ST - BUGS: Benefits of Urban Green Space, a research project supported by the Fifth Framework Programme and contributing to the implementation of the Key Action "City of tomorrow and cultural Heritage” within the Energy, Environment ans Sustainable Development, final report TI - BUGS: Benefits of Urban Green Space, a research project supported by the Fifth Framework Programme and contributing to the implementation of the Key Action "City of tomorrow and cultural Heritage” within the Energy, Environment ans Sustainable Development, final report ID - 448 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bryant, J. P. AU - Chapin AU - Klein, I. I. AU - D.R LB - brya83 PY - 1983 SP - 357-368 ST - Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory T2 - Oikos TI - Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory VL - 40 ID - 449 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bryant, J.P. AU - Chapin AU - Klein, I.I. AU - D.R. LB - brya83 PY - 1983 SP - 357-368 ST - Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory T2 - Oikos TI - Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory VL - 40 ID - 450 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bsteh, O. PY - 1937 SP - 108 ST - Fälle von Tularämie. Wien T2 - Klin. Wschr. TI - Fälle von Tularämie. Wien VL - 50 ID - 451 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Buchanan, G. R. LB - buchanan1995 PB - McGRAW-Hill PY - 1995 SP - 264 ST - Theorie and problems of finite elements analysis T2 - Schaum's outline TI - Theorie and problems of finite elements analysis ID - 452 ER - TY - THES A3 - Helga, Kromp-Kolb AU - BUCHEBNER, J. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2011 SP - 175 ST - Changing Values - Werte und Wertewandel im Bereich nachhaltiger Entwicklung. T2 - Masterarbeit am Zentrum für Globalen Wandel und Nachhaltigkeit an der Universität für Bodenkultur TI - Changing Values - Werte und Wertewandel im Bereich nachhaltiger Entwicklung. VL - Master ID - 3511 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Wissenschaften, Akademie der AU - Buchgraber, K. CY - Wien PY - 2000 SP - 181-189 ST - Ertragspotentiale und Artenvielfalt auf Grünlandstandorten im Berggebiet. T2 - MAB-Forschungsbericht: Landschaft und Landwirtschaft im Wandel TI - Ertragspotentiale und Artenvielfalt auf Grünlandstandorten im Berggebiet. ID - 453 ER - TY - CONF AU - Buchgraber, K. CY - St. Georgen im Attergau PY - 2007 ST - Die Gemeine Rispe – Ein Problem in der intensiven Grünlandwirtschaft. T2 - Österreichische Grünland- und Viehwirtschaftstage für Gunstlagen "Die Wiese als Basis zum Erfolg" TI - Die Gemeine Rispe – Ein Problem in der intensiven Grünlandwirtschaft. ID - 454 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Buchgraber, K. AU - Gindl, G. CY - Graz PB - Leopold Stocker Verlag PY - 2004 SE - 52-55 ST - Zeitgemäße Grünlandbewirtschaftung TI - Zeitgemäße Grünlandbewirtschaftung VL - 2. Aufl. ID - 455 ER - TY - PCOMM AU - BUCK CY - Landesanstalt f. Umweltschutz, Stuttgart PY - 1981 ID - 456 ER - TY - JOUR AB - 1. Climate change, in combination with the impacts of land use, will give rise to new opportunities for grassland invasion. This paper reports on the repercussions of a field experiment. 2. Plant species, sown into experimental plots as part of a 6-year study investigating factors limiting the success of seedling invasions, were resurveyed in 1999, 3 years after terminating experimental manipulations of climate, soil fertility and disturbance. 3. The most dramatic observation was the protracted expansion in populations of Brachypodium pinnatum, despite being at the northern limit of its distribution in Britain. In contrast, all other sown species, including those of both southern and widespread distribution in Britain, had become extinct, declined or remained unchanged in abundance. 4. Patterns of establishment were strongly deterministic. Populations of the southern grass, B. pinnatum, were highest in areas of the experimental plots unamended by fertilizer and physical disturbance, but expansion was apparently promoted by cessation of management. Among invaders of widespread distribution, two were dependent upon fertilizer addition (Arrhenatherum elatius and Dactylis glomerata), one significantly increased its cover with a combination of fertilizer and disturbance (Holcus lanatus), and one benefited from disturbance (Plantago lanceolata). 5. Two southern perennials, Origanum vulgare and Senecio erucifolius, both remained present in 1999 in plots that were formerly heated and subject to drought (1991-96), whereas they had become extinct in control plots. 6. Although the most successful invader was a rhizomatous perennial grass, an alternative strategy for survival and expansion was revealed after the severe drought in 1995: gap recolonization by annuals with a persistent seed bank. 7. Most notably, this study revealed the hidden potential of a native species to establish beyond its current range of distribution and, contrary to many recognized weeds, the capacity to achieve dominance in the absence of eutrophication or disturbance. This high-lights the potent effects of climate change when plant traits effective for establishment coincide with the removal of current barriers to dispersal. AU - Buckland, S.M. AU - Thompson, K. AU - Hodgeson, J.G. AU - Grime, H.P. PY - 2001 SP - 301-309 ST - Grassland invasions: effects of manipulations of climate and management T2 - Journal of Applied Ecology TI - Grassland invasions: effects of manipulations of climate and management VL - 38 ID - 457 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper reviews scaling issues in forest succession modelling, focusing on forest gap models. Two modes of scaling are distinguished: (1) implicit scaling, i.e. taking scale-dependent features into account while developing model equations, and (2) explicit scaling, i.e. using procedures that typically involve numerical simulation to scale up the response of a local model in space and/or time. Special attention is paid to spatial upscaling methods, and downscaling is covered with respect to deriving scenarios of climatic change to drive gap models in impact assessments. When examining the equations used to represent ecological processes in forest gap models, it becomes evident that implicit scaling is relevant, but has not always been fully taken into consideration. A categorization from the literature is used to distinguish four methods for explicit upscaling of ecological models in space: (1) Lumping, (2) Direct extrapolation, (3) Extrapolation by expected value, and (4) Explicit integration. Examples from gap model studies are used to elaborate the potential and limitations of these methods, showing that upscaling to areas as large as 3000 km2 is possible, given that there are no significant disturbances such as fires or insect outbreaks at the landscape scale. Regarding temporal upscaling, we find that it is important to consider migrational lags, i.e. limited availability of propagules, if one wants to assess the transient behaviour of forests in a changing climate, specifically with respect to carbon storage and the associated feedbacks to the atmospheric CO2 content. Regarding downscaling, the ecological effects of different climate scenarios for the year 2100 were compared at a range of sites in central Europe. The derivation of the scenarios is based on (1) imposing GCM grid-cell average changes of temperature and precipitation on the local weather records; (2) a qualitative downscaling technique applied by the IPCC for central and southern Europe; and (3) statistical downscaling relating large-scale circulation patterns to local weather records. Widely different forest compositions may be obtained depending on the local climate scenario, suggesting that the downscaling issue is quite important for assessments of the ecological impacts of climatic change on forests. AU - Bugmann, Harald AU - Lindner, Marcus AU - Lasch, Petra AU - Flechsig, Michael AU - Ebert, Beatrix AU - Cramer, Wolfgang DO - 10.1023/A:1005603011956 IS - 3 LA - English N1 - Climatic Change PY - 2000 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 265-289 ST - Scaling Issues in Forest Succession Modelling T2 - Climatic Change TI - Scaling Issues in Forest Succession Modelling UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1005603011956 VL - 44 ID - 458 ER - TY - BOOK AU - BUHL, C. AU - SCHÜTTE, F. CY - Berlin und Hamburg PB - Verlag Paul Parey PY - 1971 ST - Prognose wichtiger Pflanzenschädlinge in der Landwirtschaft TI - Prognose wichtiger Pflanzenschädlinge in der Landwirtschaft ID - 459 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bühring, M. AU - Jung, E.G. CY - Stuttgart PB - Hippokrates PY - 1992 ST - UV-Biologie und Heliotherapie TI - UV-Biologie und Heliotherapie ID - 460 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buishand, T. A. AU - Brandsma, T. LB - buis00a PY - 2000 ST - Multi--site simulation of daily precipitaion and temperature in the Rhine basin by nearest--neighbor resampling T2 - Water Resour. Res. TI - Multi--site simulation of daily precipitaion and temperature in the Rhine basin by nearest--neighbor resampling VL - submitted ID - 461 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buiter, W.H. PY - 1988 SP - 279-293. ST - Death, birth, productivity growth and debt neutrality. T2 - The Economic Journal TI - Death, birth, productivity growth and debt neutrality VL - 98 ID - 462 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BULLMANN, O. AU - FABER, W. PY - 1958 SP - 33-159 ST - Studien zum Getreidewanzenproblem T2 - Pflanzenschutzberichte TI - Studien zum Getreidewanzenproblem VL - 20 ID - 463 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buma, Jelle AU - Dehn, Martin DA - May LB - buma00a N1 - Verwendung von drei verschiedenen Methoden zur Regionalisierung von Montaswerten von Temperatur und Niederschlag im Süd-Osten Frankreichs (Barcelonnette). -> nur eine station; Temperatur: direkte Interpolation von GCM Gitterwerten; Niederschlag: direkte Interpolation; ***niederschlag: ---"--- " --- " --- wozu dann MLR? > es wurden ja drei methoden verglichen: i)direkte interpolation, ii) MLR und > iii) analogmehtode MLR mit monatlichen SLP Feld (30-70N, 40W-40E),(4EOF), fitting period(28-57), validation period(58-91), mit "alten" NCEP Reanalyse ->r²=0.5(Feb). 0(Jul); Analogmethode: tägliches SLP-Feld mit den zwei vorangegangenen Tagen (5EOF) gleiche Zeiträume wie bei MLR ->r²=0.3(Jan).0(Jul); es wurden weiters drei verschiedene Klimascenarien untersucht (ECHAM4, HadCM2-GG, HadCM2-GS), dabei zeigt sich ein Temperaturanstieg zwischen 4.5 Grad(ECHAM4) und 3Grad(HadCM2-GS) bis 2100, bei direkter Interpolation der Gitterwerte; beim Niederschlag ergibt sich eine breite Streuung von Zu-und Abnahme bis 2099 sowohl was die Saisonen betrifft als auch für die unterschiedlichen Modelle und GCMs PY - 2000 SP - 69 - 81 ST - Impact of climate change on a landslide in South East France, simulated using different GCM scenarios and downscaling methods for local precipitation T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Impact of climate change on a landslide in South East France, simulated using different GCM scenarios and downscaling methods for local precipitation VL - 15 ID - 464 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (Hrsg.), BUND HAMBURG CY - Hamburg PB - Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland e.V. Landesverband Hamburg PY - 2010 ST - Lass wachsen, Hamburg! Über die Wichtigkeit von Grünräumen in der Stadt TI - Lass wachsen, Hamburg! Über die Wichtigkeit von Grünräumen in der Stadt ID - 465 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BAFU, BUNDESAMT FÜR ENERGIE – BFE und BUNDESAMT FÜR UMWELT – CY - Bern, Schweiz PB - BUNDESAMT FÜR ENERGIE – BFE und BUNDESAMT FÜR UMWELT – BAFU PY - 2010 ST - Holz als Rohstoff und Energieträger – Dynamisches Holzmarktmodell und Zukunftsszenarien – Schlussbericht. TI - Holz als Rohstoff und Energieträger – Dynamisches Holzmarktmodell und Zukunftsszenarien – Schlussbericht. ID - 3473 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BFS, BUNDESAMT FÜR STATISTIK – CY - Bern, Schweiz PY - 1998 ST - Studie über die zweite Holzverarbeitungsstufe in der Schweiz 1995 TI - Studie über die zweite Holzverarbeitungsstufe in der Schweiz 1995 ID - 3474 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BUNDESAMT FÜR UMWELT, WALD UND LANDSCHAFT – BUWAL ID - 3475 ER - TY - WEB AU - Hofburg, Bundesdenkmalamt CY - Wien M1 - 6.6.2011 PB - Bundesdenkmalamt Hofburg PY - 2011 ST - Richtlinie Energieeffizienz am Baudenkmal TI - Richtlinie Energieeffizienz am Baudenkmal UR - http://www.bda.at/documents/944221227.pdf ID - 466 ER - TY - WEB AU - Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) M1 - 9.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.stadtklimalotse.net/stadtklimalotse ID - 467 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bundesministerium für Familie, Soziales, Frauen und Jugend CY - Berlin N1 - (Hrsg.) PY - 2010 ST - Engagiert vor Ort - Wege und Erfahrungen von Kommunalpolitikerinnen TI - Engagiert vor Ort - Wege und Erfahrungen von Kommunalpolitikerinnen ID - 3619 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft CY - Wien N1 - (Hrsg.) PY - 2013 ST - Die Österreichische Strategie zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel, Teil 1 - Kontext TI - Die Österreichische Strategie zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel, Teil 1 - Kontext ID - 3620 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) PY - 2010 ST - Auf dem Weg zu einer nationalen Anpassungsstrategie T2 - Policy Paper. Arbeitspapier 2. Entwurf. TI - Auf dem Weg zu einer nationalen Anpassungsstrategie ID - 468 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) PY - 2000 ST - ÖPUL 2000 T2 - Sonderrichtlinie für das Österreichische Programm zur Förderung einer umweltgerechten, extensiven und den natürlichen Lebensraum schützenden Landwirtschaft TI - ÖPUL 2000 VL - Zl. 25.014/37-II/B8/00 ID - 469 ER - TY - CONF AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) AU - Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie (BMVIT) AU - (BMWA), Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit CY - Hofburg Wien PY - 2006 T2 - „Umweltfreundlich Reisen in Europa. Herausforderungen und Innovationen für Umwelt, Verkehr und Tourismus“ ID - 470 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) AU - Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie (BMVIT) AU - (BMWA), Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2006 SP - 7 ST - „Umweltfreundlich Reisen in Europa. Herausforderungen und Innovationen für Umwelt, Verkehr und Tourismus“ - Abschlussdokument T2 - Konferenz-Report TI - „Umweltfreundlich Reisen in Europa. Herausforderungen und Innovationen für Umwelt, Verkehr und Tourismus“ - Abschlussdokument ID - 471 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, BMLFUW PY - 2006 SP - 79 ST - Richtlinien für die sachgerechte Düngung (6. A) TI - Richtlinien für die sachgerechte Düngung (6. A) ID - 472 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, BMLFUW CY - Wien PY - 2010 ST - Bericht über die Lage der österreichischen Landwirtschaft 2009 T2 - 51. Grüner Bericht TI - Bericht über die Lage der österreichischen Landwirtschaft 2009 ID - 473 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bundesministerium für Soziale Sicherheit und Generation, Sektion für Frauenangelegenheiten CY - Wien N1 - (Hrsg.) PY - 1999 ST - Gender Mainstreaming, Begriffsschema, Methodologie und Darstellung nachahmenswerter Praktiken, Abschließender Bericht der Mainstreaming Expertengruppe (EG-S-MS) des Europarates, Zusammenfassung TI - Gender Mainstreaming, Begriffsschema, Methodologie und Darstellung nachahmenswerter Praktiken, Abschließender Bericht der Mainstreaming Expertengruppe (EG-S-MS) des Europarates, Zusammenfassung ID - 3621 ER - TY - GEN AU - BURFORD, G. AU - VELASCO, I. AU - STAPLETON, L.M. AU - HARDNER, M.K. PY - 2012 ST - Developing values- based sustainability indicators: an adaptive learning approach based on intersubjective multi-stakeholder dialogue T2 - University of Brighton TI - Developing values- based sustainability indicators: an adaptive learning approach based on intersubjective multi-stakeholder dialogue ID - 3513 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burford, Gemma AU - Velasco, Ismael AU - Janoušková, Svatava AU - Zahradnik, Martin AU - Hak, Tomas AU - Podger, Dimity AU - Piggot, Georgia AU - Harder, Marie K. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2012.04.005 IS - 1 KW - Values Process evaluation Participatory evaluation Utilisation-focused evaluation Indicators Peer generated Face validity Co-design Action research PY - 2013 SN - 0149-7189 SP - 1-14 ST - Field trials of a novel toolkit for evaluating ‘intangible’ values-related dimensions of projects T2 - Evaluation and Program Planning TI - Field trials of a novel toolkit for evaluating ‘intangible’ values-related dimensions of projects UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149718912000444 VL - 36 ID - 3512 ER - TY - JOUR AB - As study area we selected the glacier foreland of Morteratsch (approx. 1900-2100. m a.s.l.) near Pontresina northwest of the Bernina pass, Upper Engadine, Grisons (Switzerland). The aim of this study is a multimethodological approach using floristic inventories, vegetation and soil mapping of the pro-glacial area in order to detect crucial parameters controlling plant resettlement in recently deglaciated areas as related to time, local microtopography and soil development. The following methodological approaches were included in this study: (i) floristic relevees along a chronosequence covering 134 years (1857-1990); (ii) dendrochronological data on tree establishment, collected on a grid with a mesh width of 40. m in the area, which became ice-free between 1857 and 1980; (iii) vegetation mapping; (iv) soil analyses including physical and chemical properties of 11 typical profiles; (v) soil mapping and (vi) data evaluation using GIS. Retreating glaciers successively expose mineral substrates that are colonised within a few years by vascular plants, mosses, lichens and soil biota. With increasing plant cover, also the abundance of soil organic matter increases. At first sight, the large-scale patterns of vegetation and soil seem to be driven by the time since deglaciation, whereas the small scale patterns may appear chaotic since they depend on local site conditions, which may change dramatically over short distances. The large-scale pattern seems to develop as follows. About 7 years after deglaciation the first pioneer plants establish themselves and form after an additional 20 years period the Epilobietum fleischeri community, which today dominates the recently deglaciated areas, but may be found in patches more or less on the whole pro-glacial area. By contrast, the first elements of the short living Oxyrietum digynae community appear approximately 10 years after deglaciation and persist for only about 30 years. Dendrochronology showed that the first European larch and Swiss stone pine trees established themselves 15 and 31 years, respectively, after deglaciation. Surprisingly, on the study area, Swiss stone pine is about twice as frequent as the typical pioneer species European larch (88 stems per ha vs. 45 stems per ha), despite the fact that larch starts earlier and grows faster than Swiss stone pine (annual height increment: 21. cm vs. 8. cm). Up-to-now, however, nowhere in the 150-year-old glacier foreland a near-to-mature larch-Swiss stone pine forest can be found. Besides large-scale factors such as time since deglaciation, topography and disturbance (floods, rockfalls, avalanches), also small-scale factors such as grain size and water content of the substrate, micro-relief and micro-climate seem to be crucial for the development of both vegetation and soil. Time since deglaciation and a straightforward single-pathway succession model are clearly not sufficient for understanding the small-scale patterns of succession. A non-linear succession model with different starting points and different pathways of potential primary successions for the different ecological niches is more promising for describing accurately the spatio-temporal vegetation dynamics of the pro-glacial area of Morteratsch. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. AD - Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland Zürich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Department of Geography University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland AU - Burga, C. A. AU - Krüsi, B. AU - Egli, M. AU - Wernli, M. AU - Elsener, S. AU - Ziefle, M. AU - Fischer, T. AU - Mavris, C. DO - Export Date 25 January 2011 Source Scopus IS - 9 KW - Glacier foreland Grain size Primary plant succession Soil development Swiss Alps Upper Engadine PY - 2010 SP - 561-576 ST - Plant succession and soil development on the foreland of the Morteratsch glacier (Pontresina, Switzerland): Straight forward or chaotic? T2 - Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants TI - Plant succession and soil development on the foreland of the Morteratsch glacier (Pontresina, Switzerland): Straight forward or chaotic? UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77956279385&partnerID=40&md5=e6f40d29bab9a31ba778491f1f88e447 VL - 205 ID - 474 ER - TY - WEB AU - BURGER, F. CY - Potsdam-Bornim M1 - 27.11.2008 PB - INSTITUT FÜR AGRARTECHNIK BORNIM e.V. PY - 2004 ST - Technologie und Ökonomie des Anbaus und der Ernte von Feldholz T2 - Energieholzproduktion in der Landwirtschaft: Potenzial, Anbau, Technologie, Ökologie und Ökonomie TI - Technologie und Ökonomie des Anbaus und der Ernte von Feldholz UR - http://www.dendrom.de/daten/downloads/ATB_Heft35.pdf ID - 475 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bürger, G. LB - buerger1996 PY - 1996 ST - Expanded downscaling for generating local weather scenarios T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Expanded downscaling for generating local weather scenarios VL - 7 ID - 476 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bürger, Gerd DA - November LB - buerg96a N1 - Es wird das sogennante 'expanded downscaling' behandelt, dabei wird im Unterschied zum normalen statistischen Downscaling kein Link zwischen grosskaligen und lokalen Anomalien gesucht, sondern zwischen ihren Kovarianzen. Untersucht wurden 14 verschiedene Variablen (auf täglicher Basis)- intersannte Liste möglicher Variablen- für die Station Potsdam. Mehr Information nur bei sehr genauen durchlesen erfassbar. PY - 1996 SP - 111-128 ST - Expanded downscaling for generating local weather scenarios T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Expanded downscaling for generating local weather scenarios VL - 7 ID - 477 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burkhardt, Ulrike LB - burk95a N1 - CCA analysis zw. beobacteten 500hpa geopot. und niederschl. an 16 klimastationen (alpenraum) um eine relation festzustellen; diese wird dann bei verschiedenen echam versionen zwischen dem 500hpa feld und dem niederschlag an einigen modellpunkten um die alpen gesucht - kann sie gefunden werden ist die small scale performance gut; cm 23072001 PY - 1995 SP - 299-305 ST - Validation of the small-scale performance of a climate model T2 - Climate Dyn. TI - Validation of the small-scale performance of a climate model VL - 11 ID - 478 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burkhardt, Ulrike LB - burk99a N1 - stat. modell: cca zwischen alpine prec. und 500hpa geopot.; angew. auf 3xco2 szenario; resul.: preczunahme bis 6%, max. im süden der alpen! räuliche mittlere veränderung des geopot. (gcm-simuliert) wird abgezogen; modell unempf. gegenüber der anz. an verwendeter eofs; PY - 1999 SP - 289-303 ST - Alpine precipitation in a tripled CO2-climate T2 - Tellus TI - Alpine precipitation in a tripled CO2-climate VL - 51A ID - 479 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burn, D.H. IS - 1-4 PY - 1997 SP - 212-230 ST - Catchment similarity for regional flood frequency analysis using seasonality measures T2 - J. Hydrol. TI - Catchment similarity for regional flood frequency analysis using seasonality measures VL - 202 ID - 3572 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC01377779 AU - Burschel, Peter AU - Huss, Jürgen CY - Berlin ET - 2. Auflage KW - Waldbau - Lehrbuch BOK50 Waldbau Lehrbuch M1 - 49 N1 - Literaturangaben UBBW Hauptbibl. Lesesaal I-41525/49,2.Aufl. Nicht entlehnb. UBBW Dpt.Integrative Biologie Integrat. Naturforsch. 834-1366 am Inst. fragen UBBW FB Landschaftsplanung Bibliothek LAP-6583 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,1 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,10 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,11 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,12 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,13 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,14 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,15 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,16 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,17 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,18 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,19 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,2 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,20 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,21 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,3 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,4 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,5 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,6 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,7 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,8 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,9 Entlehnbar UBBW FB SOWIRE Lesesaal F1-9313/2.Aufl. Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WB-5265/2.Aufl. Entlehnbar PB - Parey PY - 1997 SN - 3-8263-3045-5 SP - XVI, 487 S. ST - Grundriß des Waldbaus T2 - Pareys Studientexte TI - Grundriß des Waldbaus VL - 2. Auflage ID - 480 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burton, J. F. LB - burt95 PY - 1995 SP - 1995 ST - Birds and climate change TI - Birds and climate change ID - 481 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burton, J. F. LB - burt01 PY - 2001 SP - 188-198 ST - The response of European insects to climate change T2 - British Wildlife TI - The response of European insects to climate change VL - 12 ID - 482 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buse, A. AU - Dury AU - J, S. AU - Woodburn AU - W, R. J. AU - Perrins AU - M, C. AU - Good AU - G, J. E. LB - buse99 PY - 1999 SP - 74-82 ST - Effects of elevated temperature on multi-species interactions: the case of the pendunculate oak, winter moth and tits T2 - Functional Ecol. TI - Effects of elevated temperature on multi-species interactions: the case of the pendunculate oak, winter moth and tits VL - 13 ID - 483 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buse, A. AU - Dury AU - J., S. AU - Woodburn AU - W., R. J. AU - Perrins AU - M., C. AU - Good AU - G., J. E. LB - buse99 PY - 1999 SP - 74-82 ST - Effects of elevated temperature on multi-species interactions: the case of the pendunculate oak, winter moth and tits T2 - Functional Ecol. TI - Effects of elevated temperature on multi-species interactions: the case of the pendunculate oak, winter moth and tits VL - 13 ID - 484 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buse, A. AU - Good AU - J.E.G LB - buse96 PY - 1996 SP - 335-343 ST - Synchronisation of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L T2 - and budburst in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) under simulated climate change. Ecological Entomology TI - Synchronisation of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L VL - 21 ID - 485 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buse, A. AU - Good AU - J.E.G. LB - buse96 PY - 1996 SP - 335-343 ST - Synchronisation of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L T2 - and budburst in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) under simulated climate change. Ecological Entomology TI - Synchronisation of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L VL - 21 ID - 486 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Busuioc, A. AU - von Storch, H. LB - busu96a PY - 1996 SP - 538-552 ST - Changes in the winter precipitation in Romania and its relation to the large-scale circulation T2 - Tellus TI - Changes in the winter precipitation in Romania and its relation to the large-scale circulation VL - 48A ID - 487 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Busuioc, Aristita AU - von Storch, Hans AU - Reiner, Schnur LB - busuioc1999 PY - 1999 SP - 258-272 ST - Verification of GCM-generated regional saesonal precipitation for current climate and of statistical downscaling estimates under changing climate conditions T2 - J. Climate TI - Verification of GCM-generated regional saesonal precipitation for current climate and of statistical downscaling estimates under changing climate conditions VL - 12 ID - 488 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Busuioc, Aristita AU - von Storch, Hans AU - Schnur, Reiner LB - busu99a N1 - Saisionaler Niederschlag für Rumänien(14 Stationen, Monatssummen (1901- 1990); NCEP(alte) und ECHAM3 T21 und T42; Prädiktor: monatlicher SLP(30-55N/5-50E); saisonale Abbildung (Transferfunktion); Methode: CCA - ersten zwei EOF; es zeigen sich gute Korrelationen (Werte werden nicht angeben) nicht jedoch im Frühling, bei 2xCO2 solwohl Zu- als auch Abnahme des Niederschlages bis 2050 (regional unterschiedlich), SLP scheint geeigent für saisonalen und lokalen Niederschlag NG 14082001 PY - 1999 SP - 258 -- 272 ST - Verification of GCM-Generated Regional Seasonal Precipitation for Current Climate and of Statistical Downscaling Estimates under Changing Climate Conditions T2 - J. Climate TI - Verification of GCM-Generated Regional Seasonal Precipitation for Current Climate and of Statistical Downscaling Estimates under Changing Climate Conditions VL - 12 ID - 489 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Butler, C. J. LB - butl03 PY - 2003 SP - 484-495 ST - The disproportionate effect of global warming on the arrival dates of short-distance migratory birds in North America T2 - Ibis TI - The disproportionate effect of global warming on the arrival dates of short-distance migratory birds in North America VL - 14 ID - 490 ER - TY - GEN AU - BUWAL, Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft et al. (Hrsg.) CY - Bern PY - 2001 SP - 42 ST - Berücksichtigung der Massenbewegungsgefahren bei raumwirksamen Tätigkeiten – Empfehlungen 1997 TI - Berücksichtigung der Massenbewegungsgefahren bei raumwirksamen Tätigkeiten – Empfehlungen 1997 ID - 491 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buzzi, A. AU - D'Isidoro, M. AU - Davolio, S. AU - Malguzzi, P. LB - buzzi2003 PY - 2003 SP - 24-27 ST - Numerical assessment of MAP episodes of heavy precipitation using high resolution reanalyses and assimilation of surface data T2 - ICAM and MAP Meeting, Brig, Switzerland TI - Numerical assessment of MAP episodes of heavy precipitation using high resolution reanalyses and assimilation of surface data VL - Preprints ID - 492 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (Hrsg.), BVB (= BUNDESVERBAND BODEN e.V.) CY - Berlin, BadenWÜ PY - 2005 SP - 78 ST - Biologische Charakterisierung von Böden – Ansatz zur Bewertung von Bodenorganismen im Rahmen von Planungsprozessen. – BVB-Materialien TI - Biologische Charakterisierung von Böden – Ansatz zur Bewertung von Bodenorganismen im Rahmen von Planungsprozessen. – BVB-Materialien VL - Band 13 ID - 3384 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Byatt, I., I. Castles, I.M. Goklany, D. Henderson, N. Lawson, R. McKitrick, J. Morris, A. Peacock, C. Robinson, and R. Skidelsky , Part II: Economic Aspects, World Economics 7, October–December: 199-232. IS - 4 N1 - (2006) (4) PY - 2006 SP - 199-232 ST - The Stern Review: A Dual Critique Part II: Economic Aspects T2 - World Economics TI - The Stern Review: A Dual Critique Part II: Economic Aspects VL - 7 ID - 493 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Byers, J. E. LB - byer02 PY - 2002 SP - 449-458 ST - Impact of non-indigenous species on natives enhanced by anthropogenic alteration of selection regimes T2 - Oikos TI - Impact of non-indigenous species on natives enhanced by anthropogenic alteration of selection regimes VL - 97 ID - 494 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Context  Associations have been found between day-to-day particulate air pollution and increased risk of various adverse health outcomes, including cardiopulmonary mortality. However, studies of health effects of long-term particulate air pollution have been less conclusive. Objective  To assess the relationship between long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution and all-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants  Vital status and cause of death data were collected by the American Cancer Society as part of the Cancer Prevention II study, an ongoing prospective mortality study, which enrolled approximately 1.2 million adults in 1982. Participants completed a questionnaire detailing individual risk factor data (age, sex, race, weight, height, smoking history, education, marital status, diet, alcohol consumption, and occupational exposures). The risk factor data for approximately 500 000 adults were linked with air pollution data for metropolitan areas throughout the United States and combined with vital status and cause of death data through December 31, 1998. Main Outcome Measure  All-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality. Results  Fine particulate and sulfur oxide–related pollution were associated with all-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality. Each 10-µg/m3 elevation in fine particulate air pollution was associated with approximately a 4%, 6%, and 8% increased risk of all-cause, cardiopulmonary, and lung cancer mortality, respectively. Measures of coarse particle fraction and total suspended particles were not consistently associated with mortality. Conclusion  Long-term exposure to combustion-related fine particulate air pollution is an important environmental risk factor for cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality. AU - C. Arden Pope III, Richard T. Burnett, Michael J. Thun, Eugenia E. Calle, Daniel Krewski, Kazuhiko Ito, George D. Thurston DO - 10.1001/jama.287.9.1132 IS - 9 KW - air pollutants, environmental, environmental exposure, epidemiologic studies, lung neoplasms, mortality. PY - 2002 SP - 1132-1141 ST - Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality, and Long-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution T2 - JAMA TI - Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality, and Long-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution VL - 287 ID - 495 ER - TY - JOUR AU - C.C LB - cc02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-48 ST - Das Klima ändert sich - auch in der Schweiz T2 - Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des dritten Wissenstandsberichtes des IPCC aus Sicht der Schweiz. TI - Das Klima ändert sich - auch in der Schweiz ID - 496 ER - TY - JOUR AU - C.C. LB - cc02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-48 ST - Das Klima ändert sich - auch in der Schweiz T2 - Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des dritten Wissenstandsberichtes des IPCC aus Sicht der Schweiz. TI - Das Klima ändert sich - auch in der Schweiz ID - 497 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Total columnar ozone has been decreasing over middle latitudes (20°–60°) between 1979 and December 2000 at rates of about 4% in winter/spring and about 2% per decade in the summer. Total ozone trends through 1997 and through 2000 differ only over the middle and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. This long-term trend was interrupted by periods of enhanced volcanic activity, which resulted to significant ozone losses (more than 5% per year) following large volcanic eruptions (El Chichon in 1982 and particularly Mt Pinatubo in 1991). Linked to the ozone decrease are well-documented global increases of the harmful UV-B solar radiation levels reaching ground level. Through 1997 the erythemal dose over middle latitudes in clear skies was increasing at rates exceeding 5% per decade while the solar UV irradiance at the lower wavelengths was increasing by more than 10% per decade, partly enhanced by the decrease of air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide in the case of Thessaloniki. However, evidence is presented in this study that during the last decade (1990–2001) over Thessaloniki, the ozone trend was smaller the order of −1.5% per decade. Also the associated increasing trends in the erythemal dose and at 305 nm are smaller not exceeding +2% and +4% per decade respectively under clear skies. The long-term UV variability has a QBO component, which cannot be overlooked, even in comparison with the amplitude of the annual cycle. AU - C.S, Zerefos IS - 6-8 KW - Ozone Solar UV radiation Long-term variations N1 - doi: 10.1016/S1474-7065(02)00026-8 PY - 2002 SN - 1474-7065 SP - 455-460 ST - Long-term ozone and UV variations at Thessaloniki, Greece T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C TI - Long-term ozone and UV variations at Thessaloniki, Greece UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474706502000268 VL - 27 ID - 498 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Visceral leishmaniasis occurring in immunocompromised patients, and in particular during HIV infection, has been described in recent years and differs from the usual Mediterranean kala-azar as encountered in France. In order to define the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of the HIV-Leishmania spp. co-infection, we report 8 new cases and compare them with data from the literature. The co-infection occurs at any stage of HIV infection, usually in drug addicts using intravenous injections. Clinical manifestations, such as fever, weight loss, liver and spleen enlargement and polyadenopathy, and laboratory findings (cytoponia, inflammatory syndrome) are generally present but not specific during the HIV infection course. Moreover, some gastrointestinal and pleuropulmonary forms of the co-infection are misleading. Leishmaniasis serology is negative in 50 percent of the patients. In most cases the diagnosis is provided by detection of the parasite in bone marrow samples. Culture must be systematic, and samplings must be repeated if they are negative. The first-line treatment consists of pentavalent antimony. Almost 80 percent of the patients respond to this treatment, but relapses occur in 50 percent of the cases. This high risk of relapse and the opportunistic behaviour of leishmaniasis justify a prophylaxis of relapses. AU - Cabié, A. AU - Matheron, S. AU - Leprètre, A. AU - Bouchaud, O. AU - Deluol, A.M. AU - Coulaud, J.P. LA - France PY - 1992 SP - 1658-1662 ST - Visceral leishmaniasis in HIV infection. A totally opportunistic infection T2 - Presse Medicale TI - Visceral leishmaniasis in HIV infection. A totally opportunistic infection VL - 21 ID - 499 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cade, Brian S. AU - Noon, Barry R. 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AD - Global Carbon Project, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Canadell, J. G. Global Carbon Project, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia email: pep.canadell@csiro.au AU - Canadell, J. G. AU - Raupach, M. R. 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This paper is a contribution to the Global Carbon Project (GCP) of the Earth System Science Partnership. We thank the Australian Climate Change Research Program for supporting the GCP office in CanberraUR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-45849121032&partnerID=40&md5=960ad66d601644b91d697f7796653659 PY - 2008 SN - 00368075 SP - 1456-1457 ST - Managing forests for climate change mitigation T2 - Science TI - Managing forests for climate change mitigation VL - 320 ID - 504 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cannon, R. J. C. LB - cann98 PY - 1998 SP - 785-796 ST - The implications of predicted climate change for inset pests in the UK, with emphasis on non-indigenous species T2 - Global Change Biology TI - The implications of predicted climate change for inset pests in the UK, with emphasis on non-indigenous species VL - 4 ID - 505 ER - TY - WEB AU - CAPRIEL P., RIPPEL R. PY - 2007 SP - http://www.lfl.bayern.de/iab/bodenschutz/12458/ ST - Humusbilanz für Beratung in Bayern TI - Humusbilanz für Beratung in Bayern ID - 506 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Carmignola, G. CY - Bozen PB - Athesia PY - 2000 ST - Das Steinwild in Südtirol TI - Das Steinwild in Südtirol ID - 507 ER - TY - WEB AU - Science, Carnegie Institution for M1 - 30.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://dge.stanford.edu/about/building/Sus_features.pdf ID - 508 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Summary * • Tree rings are widely used long-term proxy data which, if combined with long-term instrumental climate records, can provide excellent information on global climate variability. This research aimed to determine whether interannual climate–growth responses in Alpine treeline forests are stationary over time. * • We used tree-ring width chronologies of Larix decidua (European larch) from 17 sites and monthly temperatures and precipitation data for the period 1800–1999. Climate–growth relationships were assessed with correlation and response functions, and their stationarity and consistency over time were measured using moving correlation. * • Tree-ring chronologies showed similar interannual variations over the last two centuries, suggesting that the same climatic factors synchronously limited growth at most sites. The most sensitive variables showed significant transient responses varying within the time period, indicating a possible deviation from the uniformitarian principle applied to dendroclimatology. * • If these findings are confirmed in future studies on other species and in other regions, we suggest that time-dependent variables should be taken into account to avoid overestimation of treeline advance, future forest carbon storage in temperature-limited environments and inaccurate reconstruction of past climate variability. AU - Carrer, Marco AU - Urbinati, Carlo DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01703.x IS - 4 KW - climate–growth responses dendroclimatology Larix decidua (European larch) moving correlation function tree ring uniformitarian principle PY - 2006 SN - 1469-8137 SP - 861-872 ST - Long-term change in the sensitivity of tree-ring growth to climate forcing in Larix decidua T2 - New Phytologist TI - Long-term change in the sensitivity of tree-ring growth to climate forcing in Larix decidua UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01703.x VL - 170 ID - 509 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Cartalis C., A. Synodinou, M. Prodedrou, A. Tsangrassoulis, M. 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IS - D24 LB - char1999a PY - 1999 SP - 31657--31669 ST - A spatio-temporal model for downscaling precipitation occurrence and amounts T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - A spatio-temporal model for downscaling precipitation occurrence and amounts VL - 104 ID - 529 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Charlson, R. J. AU - Schwarz, S. E. AU - Hales, J. M. AU - Cess, R. D. AU - Coakley, J. A. AU - Hansen, J. E. AU - Hofmann, D. J. LB - char1992a PY - 1992 SP - 423-430 ST - Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols T2 - Science TI - Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols VL - 255 ID - 530 ER - TY - JOUR AB - · Context Drought and frost resistances are key factors for the survival and distribution of tree species. · Aims In this study, the vulnerability to drought-induced embolism and frost resistance of four species were analysed, whereby different sites and altitudes were compared and seasonal variation was considered. · Methods Fagus sylvatica L., Sorbus aucuparia L., Picea abies L. Karst and Larix decidua Mill samples were harvested at high and low altitude sites in France and Austria, respectively, and sampling occurred in winter and summer. Pressure at 50% loss of conductivity (P 50), specific hydraulic conductivity (ks) and temperature lethal for 50% of cells (LT50) were determined, and soluble carbohydrate and starch content were quantified. · Results No site-, altitude- or season-specific trend in P50 was observed, except for S. aucuparia, which showed P50 to decrease with altitude. Within regions, ks tended to decrease with altitudes. LT50 was between -48.4°C (winter) and -9.4°C (summer) and more negative in Tyrolean trees. Starch content was overall lower and carbohydrate content higher in winter than in summer, no site-specific or altitudinal trend was observed. · Conclusion Studied species obviously differed in their strategies to withstand to frost and drought, so that siterelated, altitudinal and seasonal patterns varied. © INRA/Springer-Verlag France 2011. AD - Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria INRA, UMR A547 PIAF, Site INRA de Crouelle, 234 av. du Brezet, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR A547 PIAF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France Charra-Vaskou, K. Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: katline.charra-vaskou@uibk.ac.at AU - Charra-Vaskou, K. AU - Charrier, G. AU - Wortemann, R. AU - Beikircher, B. AU - Cochard, H. AU - Ameglio, T. AU - Mayr, S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s13595-011-0160-5 IS - 3 J2 - Ann. Forest Sci. 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Many case reports in travelers and clinical research and epidemiologic studies conducted around the Mediterranean region have shown that TOSV has a tropism for the central nervous system (CNS) and is a major cause of meningitis and encephalitis in countries in which it circulates. In central Italy, TOSV is the most frequent cause of meningitis from May to October, far exceeding enteroviruses. In other northern Mediterranean countries, TOSV is among the 3 most prevalent viruses associated with meningitis during the warm seasons. Therefore, TOSV must be considered an emerging pathogen. Here, we review the epidemiology of TOSV in Europe and determine questions that should be addressed in future studies. Despite increasing evidence of its major role in medicine as an emerging cause of CNS infections, TOSV remains an unstudied pathogen, and few physicians are aware of its potential to cause CNS infections. AU - Charrel, R.N. AU - Gallian, P. AU - Navarro-Mari, J.M. AU - Nicoletti, L. AU - Papa, A. AU - Sánchez-Seco, M.P. AU - Tenorio, A. AU - de Lamballerie, X. PY - 2005 SP - 1657-1663 ST - Emergence of Toscana virus in Europe T2 - Emerg Infect Dis TI - Emergence of Toscana virus in Europe VL - 11 ID - 532 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chauvel, B. Dessaint F. Cardinal-Legrand C. AU - Bretagnolle, F. PY - 2006 SP - 665-673 ST - The historical spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in France from herbarium records T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - The historical spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in France from herbarium records VL - 33 ID - 533 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chauvel, B., Dessaint, F., Cardinal-Legrand, C. AU - Bretagnolle, F. PY - 2006 SP - 665-673 ST - The historical spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in France from herbarium records T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - The historical spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in France from herbarium records VL - 33 ID - 534 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chen, X. AU - Pan, W. LB - chen02 PY - 2002 SP - 1781-1792 ST - Relationships among phenological growing season, time-integrated normalized difference vegetation index and climate forcing in the temperate region of eastern China T2 - Int. J. Climatol TI - Relationships among phenological growing season, time-integrated normalized difference vegetation index and climate forcing in the temperate region of eastern China VL - 22 ID - 535 ER - TY - JOUR AU - CHEVIN, H. PY - 1968 SP - 128 - 140 ST - Influence de la plante-hôte sur le cycle évolutif de deux éspèces de Gastrophysa T2 - Bull. Soc. Entom. France TI - Influence de la plante-hôte sur le cycle évolutif de deux éspèces de Gastrophysa VL - 73 ID - 536 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chiari, H. PY - 1937 SP - 1015-1019 ST - Über Tularämie T2 - Med. Wschr. TI - Über Tularämie VL - 40 ID - 537 ER - TY - WEB AU - Environment, Chicago Department of M1 - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.chicagoclimateaction.org/pages/adaptation/49.php ID - 538 ER - TY - WEB AU - Initiative, Chicago Trees M1 - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.chicagotrees.net/ ID - 539 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Childs, C. PY - 2004 ST - Interpolating Surfaces in ArcGIS Spatial Analyst TI - Interpolating Surfaces in ArcGIS Spatial Analyst ID - 540 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Chistakos, G. LB - chri00ab PB - Oxford University Press PY - 2000 SP - 288 ST - Modern Spatial Geostatistics TI - Modern Spatial Geostatistics ID - 541 ER - TY - GEN AU - K., Chladek AU - A., Zotz AU - B., Bohusch AU - Ch., Baumgartner AU - M., Leuthold AU - W., Mehl PY - 2007 ST - Fact Sheet Klimawandel und Tourismus – die Zusammenhänge TI - Fact Sheet Klimawandel und Tourismus – die Zusammenhänge ID - 542 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chmielewski, F. M. AU - Rötzer, T. LB - chmi01 PY - 2001 SP - 101-112 ST - Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe ID - 543 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chmielewski, F. M. AU - Rötzer, T. LB - chmi02 PY - 2002 SP - 257-264 ST - Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of the growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes T2 - Climate Research TI - Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of the growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes VL - 19 ID - 544 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Chmielewski, F.-M. AU - Hupfer, P. AU - Kuttler, W. CY - Wiesbaden PB - B.G. Teubner Verlag PY - 2005 SN - 3-8351-0096-3 SP - 543 ST - Witterung und Klima T2 - Eine Einführung in die Meteorologie und Klimatologie TI - Witterung und Klima VL - 11.Aufl. ID - 545 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chmielewski, F.-M. AU - Rötzer, T. LB - chmi2001a PY - 2001 SP - 101--112 ST - Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe. T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe VL - 108 ID - 546 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chmielewski, F.M. AU - Rötzer, T. LB - chmi02 PY - 2002 SP - 257-264 ST - Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of the growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes T2 - Climate Research TI - Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of the growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes VL - 19 ID - 547 ER - TY - BOOK AU - CHOUGOUROU, D. C. CY - Berlin ET - 1. Aufl. PB - Verl. Köster PY - 1997 ST - Untersuchungen über die Wirkung insektizider Naturstoffe auf ausgewählte Baumwollschädlinge (Aphis gossypii Glov., Bemisia tabaci Gen., Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith, Helicoverpa armigera Hbn.) unter Labor- und Gewächshausbedingungen TI - Untersuchungen über die Wirkung insektizider Naturstoffe auf ausgewählte Baumwollschädlinge (Aphis gossypii Glov., Bemisia tabaci Gen., Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith, Helicoverpa armigera Hbn.) unter Labor- und Gewächshausbedingungen ID - 548 ER - TY - RPRT AU - H., Christensen J. M1 - PRUDENCE EVK2-)CT2001-00132 –Final Report PY - 2004 ST - Prediction of Regional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining European Climate change risks and Effects. PRUDENCE EVK2-)CT2001-00132 –Final Report. http://prudence.dmi.dk TI - Prediction of Regional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining European Climate change risks and Effects UR - http://prudence.dmi.dk ID - 549 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Christensen, J. H. AU - Christensen, O. B. LB - christensen2002 PY - 2002 SP - 805 f. ST - Severe Summertime Flooding in Europe T2 - Nature TI - Severe Summertime Flooding in Europe VL - 421 ID - 550 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.) AU - CHRISTENSEN, J. H. AU - HEWITSON, B. AU - BUSUIOC, A. AU - CHEN, A. AU - GAO, X. AU - HELD, I. AU - JONES, R. AU - KOLLI, R. K. AU - KWON, W.-T. AU - LAPRISE, V. AU - MAGAÑA REUDA, V. AU - MEARNS, L. AU - MENÉDEZ, C. G. R. AU - J. RINKE, A. AU - SARR, A. AU - WHETTON, P. CY - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PY - 2007 ST - Regional Climate Projections T2 - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Regional Climate Projections ID - 551 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K.B., Tignor, M., Miller, H.L. (eds.) AU - Christensen, J.H. AU - Hewitson, B. AU - Busuioc, A. AU - Chen, A. AU - Gao, X. AU - Held, I. AU - Jones, R. AU - Kolli, R.K. AU - Kwon, W.T. AU - Laprise, R. AU - Magaña Rueda, V. AU - Mearns, L. AU - Menéndez, C.G. AU - Räisänen, J. AU - Rinke, A. AU - Sarr, A. AU - Whetton, P. CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2007 ST - Regional Climate Projections T2 - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Regional Climate Projections ID - 552 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Christensen, Jens AU - Christensen, Ole IS - 0 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0165-0009 PY - 2007 SP - 7 ST - A summary of the PRUDENCE model projections of changes in European climate by the end of this century T2 - Climatic Change TI - A summary of the PRUDENCE model projections of changes in European climate by the end of this century UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9210-7 VL - 81 ID - 553 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Heavy and/or extended precipitation episodes with subsequent surface runoff can inflict catastrophic property damage and loss of human life. Thus, it is important to determine how the character of such events could change in response to greenhouse gas-induced global warming. Impacts of climate warming on severe precipitation events in Europe on a diurnal time scale were investigated with a high-resolution regional climate model for two of the greenhouse gas emission scenarios constructed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; Nakicenovic, N., et al., 2000, IPCC special report on emission scenarios, 599 pp., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK). A series of 30-year time slice experiments were conducted for periods representing the present (1961–1990) and the future (2071–2100). The large-scale initial and lateral boundary conditions were imposed from two different global models both originating from fully transient climate change simulations. Here, we show that although the summer time precipitation decreases over a substantial part of Europe in the scenarios analysed, an increase in the amount of precipitation exceeding the present-day 99th and in most cases even the 95th percentile is found for large areas. An analysis of daily precipitation over the entire European river catchments confirms this observation. AU - Christensen, O. B. AU - Christensen, J. H. IS - 1-4 KW - Precipitation episodes Greenhouse gas Climate model N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.06.013 PY - 2004 SN - 0921-8181 SP - 107-117 ST - Intensification of extreme European summer precipitation in a warmer climate T2 - Global and Planetary Change TI - Intensification of extreme European summer precipitation in a warmer climate UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818104001006 VL - 44 ID - 554 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Christenson M., H. Manz, D. Gyalistras PY - 2006 SP - 671–686 ST - Climate warming impact on degree-days T2 - Energy Conversion and Management TI - Climate warming impact on degree-days ID - 555 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Bark beetles are among the few native insects that can kill large numbers of trees in a single year. The present paper reviews recent work on the relationship between conifer resistance to bark beetle attack and tree vigor, e.g. in terms of wood production per unit of foliage. Experimental studies in the Pacific Northwest and the southeast U.S.A., and in Norway, are drawn upon to show that tree resistance to attack may be closely related to the amount of current and stored photosynthate that is available for defense. An experimental approach is advocated to critically test the relationship between host-tree resistance and the limitations on the transfer of critical resources to the site of attack. © 1987. AD - Norwegian Forest Research Institute, N-1432 Ås -NLH, Norway Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States Christiansen, E. Norwegian Forest Research Institute, N-1432 Ås -NLH, Norway AU - Christiansen, E. AU - Waring, R. H. AU - Berryman, A. A. DB - Scopus IS - 1-2 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 160 CODEN: FECMD PY - 1987 SN - 03781127 SP - 89-106 ST - Resistance of conifers to bark beetle attack: Searching for general relationships T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Resistance of conifers to bark beetle attack: Searching for general relationships UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0023471805&partnerID=40&md5=ca89a42e44c6577bd7417eff0f90bbed VL - 22 ID - 556 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Christiansen, E. AU - Waring AU - R.H AU - Berryman AU - A.A LB - chri87 PY - 1987 SP - 89-106 ST - Resistance of Conifers to Bark Beetle Attack: Searching for General Relationships T2 - For. Ecol. Manage. TI - Resistance of Conifers to Bark Beetle Attack: Searching for General Relationships VL - 22 ID - 557 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Christiansen, E. AU - Waring AU - R.H. AU - Berryman AU - A.A. LB - chri87 PY - 1987 SP - 89-106 ST - Resistance of Conifers to Bark Beetle Attack: Searching for General Relationships T2 - For. Ecol. Manage. TI - Resistance of Conifers to Bark Beetle Attack: Searching for General Relationships VL - 22 ID - 558 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forest soils represent an important part of the global C cycle as they store large amounts of organic carbon (OC). With its great importance for nutrient and water supply, soil organic matter (SOM) is a key site characteristic particularly in shallow mountain soils. We conducted soil humus inventories in three research areas in the Bavarian Limestone Alps to investigate long-term effects of historical forest management with selective harvesting on shallow calcareous mountain forest soils. In each research area, SOM stocks under unmanaged forest at remote sites representing the virgin forest status and those of nearby selectively harvested forest stands (repeated single tree extraction, shelterwood harvesting) with identical site factors were compared in a paired-plot approach. At each site, five soil profiles were investigated; additionally O layer thickness was measured as well as important stand characteristics were assessed at 30 points of an orthogonal grid net that had been established in each stand. OC and N stocks in the forest floor and in the mineral soil were calculated by horizon as well as by depth increment and evaluated statistically. On average, forest floor OC and N stocks were reduced by about 80% under managed forest (OC stock 25±34Mgha-1; N stock 1.0±1.5Mgha-1) compared to nearby unmanaged forest (OC stock 114±123Mgha-1; N stock 4.5±5.1Mgha-1). OC and N stocks in the mineral topsoil (0-30cm) were larger under managed (OC stock 65±22Mgha-1; N stock 4.4±1.4Mgha-1) compared to unmanaged stands (OC stock 55±38Mgha-1; N stock 3.6±2.8Mgha-1). Total topsoil (forest floor+mineral topsoil) OC and N stocks under managed forest (OC stock 89±36Mgha-1; N stock 5.4±1.6Mgha-1) exhibited significant OC losses of 47% and N losses of 33% compared to nearby unmanaged forest (OC stock 169±96Mgha-1; N stock 8.1±3.4Mgha-1). Hence we conclude that standard forest management as practiced since ca. 200years has considerably reduced SOM stocks on shallow calcareous mountain forest soils in the Bavarian Limestone Alps. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. AD - Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Faculty of Forest Science and Forestry, University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 3, 85354 Freising, Germany Christophel, D. Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany email: christophel@wzw.tum.de AU - Christophel, D. AU - Spengler, S. AU - Schmidt, B. AU - Ewald, J. AU - Prietzel, J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.054 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Forest soil Long-term forestry N stock Primeval forest Selective harvesting SOC stock Carbon and nitrogen Forest soils Primeval forests Site characteristics Soil organic matters Stand characteristics Harvesting Limestone Minerals Soils Water supply Forestry carbon cycle forest management forest soil harvesting humus organic carbon organic nitrogen soil horizon soil organic matter soil profile stand structure topsoil water supply Forests Lime Stone Soil Water Supply Alps Bavarian Alps Central Alps LA - English N1 - CODEN: FECMD References: Albrecht, L., Geiser, R., Michiels, H.-G., Neuerburg, W., Rauh, J., Das Naturwaldreservat "Wettersteinwald" - ein Beispiel für die landeskulturelle und wissenschaftliche Bedeutung von Naturwaldreservaten (1988) Jahrb Ver Schutz d Bergwelt, 53, pp. 87-109; Andersson, F.O., Feger, K.-H., Hüttl, R.F., Kräuchi, N., Mattsson, L., Sallnäs, O., Sjöberg, K., Forest ecosystem research - priorities for Europe (2000) Forest Ecology and Management, 132, pp. 111-119; Baier, R., Meyer, J., Gottlein, A., Regeneration niches of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) saplings in small canopy gaps in mixed mountain forests of the Bavarian Limestone Alps (2007) European Journal of Forest Research, 126, pp. 11-22; Baritz, R., Seufert, G., Montanarella, L., Van Ranst, E., Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe (2010) Forest Ecology and Management, 260, pp. 262-277; Batjes, N.H., Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world (1996) European Journal of Soil Science, 47, pp. 151-163; Bauhus, J., Vor, T., Bartsch, N., Cowling, A., The effects of gaps and liming on forest floor decomposition and soil C and N dynamics in a Fagus sylvatica forest (2004) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 34, pp. 509-518; Beniston, M., Mountain climates and climatic change: an overview of processes focusing on the European Alps (2005) Pure Applied Geophysics, 162, pp. 1587-1606; Bochter, R., Neuerburg, W., Zech, W., Humus und Humusschwund im Gebirge (1981), Nationalpark Berchtesgaden (Ed.), Forschungsberichte 2Boden, A.-H.-A.G., (2005) Bodenkundliche Kartieranleitung, p. 438. , E. 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World Meteorological OrganizationZu Leiningen, W., Über Humusablagerungen in den Kalkalpen (1909) Naturw Zeitschr Forst Landwirtsch, 7, pp. 8-32; Zu Leiningen, W., Über Humusablagerungen in den Kalkalpen (1909) Naturw Zeitschr Forst Landwirtsch, 7, pp. 160-173 PY - 2013 SN - 03781127 SP - 167-176 ST - Customary selective harvesting has considerably decreased organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in forest soils of the Bavarian Limestone Alps T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Customary selective harvesting has considerably decreased organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in forest soils of the Bavarian Limestone Alps UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84879526772&partnerID=40&md5=90bd87e394ab69bfbf1eecd9994ecf2d VL - 305 ID - 3408 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Future climate warming is expected to enhance plant growth in temperate ecosystems and to increase carbon sequestration. But although severe regional heatwaves may become more frequent in a changing climate, their impact on terrestrial carbon cycling is unclear. Here we report measurements of ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes, remotely sensed radiation absorbed by plants, and country-level crop yields taken during the European heatwave in 2003. We use a terrestrial biosphere simulation model to assess continental-scale changes in primary productivity during 2003, and their consequences for the net carbon balance. We estimate a 30 per cent reduction in gross primary productivity over Europe, which resulted in a strong anomalous net source of carbon dioxide (0.5 Pg C yr -1) to the atmosphere and reversed the effect of four years of net ecosystem carbon sequestration. Our results suggest that productivity reduction in eastern and western Europe can be explained by rainfall deficit and extreme summer heat, respectively. We also find that ecosystem respiration decreased together with gross primary productivity, rather than accelerating with the temperature rise. Model results, corroborated by historical records of crop yields, suggest that such a reduction in Europe's primary productivity is unprecedented during the last century. An increase in future drought events could turn temperate ecosystems into carbon sources, contributing to positive carbon-climate feedbacks already anticipated in the tropics and at high latitudes. © 2005 Nature Publishing Group. AD - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France Department of Forest Environment and Resources, DISAFRI, University of Tuscia, I-01100 Vitterbo, Italy Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg C4, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, Centre de Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France Functional Ecology and Environmental Physics, Ephyse, INRA, F-33612 Villenave d'Ornon, France Grassland Ecosystem Research, INRA, 234 Avenue du Brézet, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63039, France Institute of Plant Sciences, ETH Zentrum LFW C56, Universitätsstrasse 2, CH-8092 Zuerich, Switzerland Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Ave, de la Fac. d'Agronomie 8, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium Department of Meteorology, Institute of Hydrology and-Meteorology, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany Fundacion CEAM, Parque Tecnologico de Paterna, C/ Charles Darwin, E-46980 Valencia, Spain Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO-Box 64, Finland Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 10 01 64, D-07701 Jena, Germany Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management, Ecosystem Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement, 54 rue Molière, F-38402, Saint Martin d'Hères, France Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Joint Research Center European Commission, TP 280, I-21020 Ispra, Italy IBIMET-CNR, Ple delle Cascine, 18, I-50144 Firenze, Italy Dream CEFE-CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier, France Biosystems Department, Risø National Laboratory, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark Centro di Ecologia Alpina, Viote del Monte Bondone, I-38040 Trento, Italy ISAFOM-CNR, Via Cavour 4-6, I-87036, Rende, Italy Ciais, Ph. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France email: philippe.ciais@cea.fr AU - Ciais, Ph AU - Reichstein, M. AU - Viovy, N. AU - Granier, A. AU - Ogée, J. AU - Allard, V. AU - Aubinet, M. AU - Buchmann, N. AU - Bernhofer, Chr AU - Carrara, A. AU - Chevallier, F. AU - De Noblet, N. AU - Friend, A. D. AU - Friedlingstein, P. AU - Grünwald, T. AU - Heinesch, B. AU - Keronen, P. AU - Knohl, A. AU - Krinner, G. AU - Loustau, D. AU - Manca, G. AU - Matteucci, G. AU - Miglietta, F. AU - Ourcival, J. M. AU - Papale, D. AU - Pilegaard, K. AU - Rambal, S. AU - Seufert, G. AU - Soussana, J. F. AU - Sanz, M. J. AU - Schulze, E. D. AU - Vesala, T. AU - Valentini, R. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1038/nature03972 IS - 7058 J2 - Nature KW - Carbon Carbon dioxide Ecosystems Productivity Thermal effects Carbon cycling Carbon sequestration Climate warming Climate change carbon carbon dioxide rain climate change primary production twenty first century article atmosphere biosphere carbon balance carbon cycling carbon dioxide transport carbon source crop production drought ecosystem Europe harvest heat high temperature latitude model plant priority journal productivity radiation absorption simulation summer chemistry crop disaster greenhouse effect metabolism time Atmosphere Carbon Dioxide Crops, Agricultural Ecosystem Greenhouse Effect Heat Natural Disasters Rain Time Factors LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 615 CODEN: NATUA Chemicals/CAS: carbon dioxide, 124-38-9, 58561-67-4; carbon, 7440-44-0; Carbon Dioxide, 124-38-9; Carbon, 7440-44-0 References: Cox, P.M., Betts, R.A., Jones, C.D., Spal, A.S., Totterdell, I.J., Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model (2000) Nature, 408, pp. 184-187; Dufresne, J.L., On the magnitude of positive feedback between future climate change and the carbon cycle (2002) Geophys. 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A Study of Six Urban Regions TI - Cities Preparing for Climate Change. A Study of Six Urban Regions UR - http://www.cleanairpartnership.org/pdf/cities_climate_change.pdf ID - 573 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Boreal forest soils function as a terrestrial net sink in the global carbon cycle. The prevailing dogma has focused on aboveground plant litter as a principal source of soil organic matter. Using 14C bomb-carbon modeling, we show that 50 to 70% of stored carbon in a chronosequence of boreal forested islands derives from roots and root-associated microorganisms. Fungal biomarkers indicate impaired degradation and preservation of fungal residues in late successional forests. Furthermore, 454 pyrosequencing of molecular barcodes, in conjunction with stable isotope analyses, highlights root-associated fungi as important regulators of ecosystem carbon dynamics. Our results suggest an alternative mechanism for the accumulation of organic matter in boreal forests during succession in the long-term absence of disturbance. AD - Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Box 65, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7007, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden Clemmensen, K.E. Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden email: karina.clemmensen@slu.se AU - Clemmensen, K. E. AU - Bahr, A. AU - Ovaskainen, O. AU - Dahlberg, A. AU - Ekblad, A. AU - Wallander, H. AU - Stenlid, J. AU - Finlay, R. D. AU - Wardle, D. A. AU - Lindahl, B. D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1126/science.1231923 IS - 6127 J2 - Science KW - soil organic matter biological marker carbon ergosterol glucosamine aboveground biomass accumulation biomarker boreal forest carbon sequestration carbon sink chronosequence disturbance ecosystem dynamics forest soil fungus litter molecular analysis root soil microorganism stable isotope succession article carbon allocation carbon cycle carbon dynamics DNA barcoding fungal biomass glaciation nitrogen cycling nitrogen dynamics nonhuman plant litter plant root priority journal pyrosequencing RNA gene metabolism microbiology soil tree Fungi Biological Markers Carbon Cycle Carbon Radioisotopes Ergosterol Glucosamine Plant Roots Soil Trees LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):20 CODEN: SCIEA PubMed ID: 23539604 Chemicals/CAS: carbon, 7440-44-0; ergosterol, 23637-22-1, 2418-45-3, 3992-98-1, 57-87-4; glucosamine, 3416-24-8, 4607-22-1; Biological Markers; Carbon Radioisotopes; Ergosterol, 57-87-4; Glucosamine, 3416-24-8; Soil References: Bonan, G.B., Shugart, H.H., (1989) Annu. 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PY - 1998 SE - 55 SP - 30 ST - Effect of windbreaks on airflow, microclimates and crop yields. T2 - Agroforestry Systems TI - Effect of windbreaks on airflow, microclimates and crop yields. VL - 41 ID - 574 ER - TY - WEB AU - Alliance, Climate M1 - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.amica-climate.net/uploads/media/green-rails_eval-prac_stuttgart.pdf ID - 575 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Climate, Change Impacts Review Group LB - clim96 PY - 1996 ST - of the potential effects of climate change in the UK T2 - Revie TI - of the potential effects of climate change in the UK ID - 576 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Clugston, Rick DA - September 1, 2011 DO - 10.1177/097340821100500207 IS - 2 PY - 2011 SP - 173-176 ST - Ethical Framework for a Sustainable World: Earth Charter Plus 10 Conference and Follow Up T2 - Journal of Education for Sustainable Development TI - Ethical Framework for a Sustainable World: Earth Charter Plus 10 Conference and Follow Up UR - http://jsd.sagepub.com/content/5/2/173.short VL - 5 ID - 3514 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A technique for measuring hydraulic conductances of excised xylem segments exposed to high negative pressures is described. A centrifugal force is used to generate negative pressures (P) in the sample and to create a positive hydrostatic pressure difference (ΔP) between its two ends. δP forces water through the sample at a flow rate (F) determined optically during centrifugation. The sample hydraulic conductance k is derived from F and ΔP. The sample vulnerability curve is given by the dependence of k on P. Results for Cedrus atlantica Manetti and Laurus nobilis L. shoots are given. The technique is appropriate for the analysis of xylem refilling under negative pressure. AD - UMR PIAF, INRA-Université Blaise Pascal, site de Crouelle, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France Cochard, H. UMR PIAF, INRA-Université Blaise Pascal, site de Crouelle, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France email: cochard@clermont.inra.fr AU - Cochard, H. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00863.x IS - 6 J2 - Plant Cell Environ. KW - Cavitation Centrifugation Embolism Laurus nobilis L. Water relations hydraulic conductivity measurement method water relations xylem Cedrus Cedrus atlantica Laurus Laurus nobilis LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 37 CODEN: PLCED References: Alder, N.N., Pockman, W.T., Sperry, J.S., Nuismer, S., Use of centrifugal force in the study of xylem cavitation (1997) Journal of Experimental Botany, 48, pp. 665-674; Canny, M.J., Transporting water in plants (1998) American Scientist, 86, pp. 152-159; Cochard, H., Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism (1992) Tree Physiology, 11, pp. 73-83; Cochard, H., Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Vessel content debate revisited (2001) Trends in Plant Science, 6, p. 13; Cochard, H., Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., The cohesion theory debate continues (2001) Trends in Plant Science, 6, p. 457; Cochard, H., Bodet, C., Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Cryoscanning electron microscopy observations of vessel content during transpiration in walnut petioles. Facts or artifacts? (2000) Plant Physiology, 124, pp. 1191-1202; Cochard, H., Coll, L., Leroux, X., Améglio, T., Unravelling the effects of plant hydraulics on stomatal closure during water stress in walnut (2002) Plant Physiology, 128, pp. 282-290; Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Tyree, M.T., Use of positive pressures to establish vulnerability curves. Further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis (1992) Plant Physiology, 100, pp. 205-209; Cruiziat, P., Cochard, H., Améglio, T., The hydraulic architecture of trees: An introduction (2002) Annals of Forest Sciences, , in press; Holbrook, N.M., Zwieniecki, M.A., Embolism repair and xylem tension. Do we need a miracle? (1999) Plant Physiology, 120, pp. 7-10; Martre, P., Cochard, H., Durand, J.L., Hydraulic architecture and water flows in a growing grass tiller (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) (2001) Plant, Cell and Environment, 24, pp. 65-76; Pockman, W.T., Sperry, J.S., Oleary, J.W., Sustained and significant negative water pressure in xylem (1995) Nature, 378, pp. 715-716; Sperry, J.S., Hydraulic constraints to plant gas exchange (2000) Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 104, pp. 13-23; Sperry, J.S., Donnelly, J.R., Tyree, M.T., A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem (1988) Plant, Cell and Environment, 11, pp. 35-40; Stiller, V., Sperry, J.S., Canny's compensating pressure theory fails a test (1999) American Journal of Botany, 86, pp. 1082-1086; Tyree, M.T., Dixon, M.A., Cavitation events in Thuja occidentalis L. Ultrasonic acoustic emissions from the sapwood can be measured (1983) Plant Physiology, 72, pp. 1094-1099; Tyree, M.T., Salleo, S., Nardini, A., Lo Gullo, M.A., Mosca, R., Refilling of embolized vessels in young stems of laurel. Do we need a new paradigm? (1999) Plant Physiology, 120, pp. 11-21; Tyree, M.T., Sperry, J.S., Vulnerability of xylem to cavitation and embolism (1989) Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 40, pp. 19-38 PY - 2002 SN - 01407791 SP - 815-819 ST - A technique for measuring xylem hydraulic conductance under high negative pressures T2 - Plant, Cell and Environment TI - A technique for measuring xylem hydraulic conductance under high negative pressures UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036098520&partnerID=40&md5=fa4a1a954f78433225637b6125391e0b VL - 25 ID - 577 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cochard, H. AU - Bréda, N. AU - Granier, A. IS - 2-3 PY - 1996 SP - 197-206 ST - Whole tree hydraulic conductance and water loss regulation in Quercus during drought: evidence for stomatal control of embolism? T2 - Ann. For. Sci. TI - Whole tree hydraulic conductance and water loss regulation in Quercus during drought: evidence for stomatal control of embolism? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19960203 VL - 53 ID - 578 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cochard, H. AU - Bréda, N. AU - Granier, A. AU - Aussenac, G. IS - 3 PY - 1992 SP - 225-233 ST - Vulnerability to air embolism of three European oak species (Quercus petraea (Matt) Liebl, Q pubescens Willd, Q robur L) T2 - Ann. For. Sci. TI - Vulnerability to air embolism of three European oak species (Quercus petraea (Matt) Liebl, Q pubescens Willd, Q robur L) UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19920302 VL - 49 ID - 579 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We assessed the effects of irradiance received during growth on the vulnerability of Fagus sylvatica L. xylem vessels to water-stress-induced embolism. The measurements were conducted on (1) potted saplings acclimated for 2 years under 100% and 12% incident global radiation and (2) branches collected from sun-exposed and shaded sides of adult trees. Both experiments yielded similar results. Light-acclimated shoots were less vulnerable to embolism. Xylem water potential levels producing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity were lower in sun-exposed branches and seedlings than in shade-grown ones (-3.0 versus -2.3 MPa on average). The differences in vulnerability were not correlated with differences in xylem hydraulic conductivity nor vessel diameter. Resistance to cavitation was correlated with transpiration rates, midday xylem and leaf water potentials in adult trees. We concluded that vulnerability to cavitation in Fagus sylvatica may acclimate to contrasting ambient light conditions. AD - INRA, U. d'Ecophysiologie Forestiere, 54280 Champenoux, France INRA-PIAF, Domaine de Crouël, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France Cochard, H. INRA-PIAF, Domaine de Crouel, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France email: cochard@nancy.inra.fr AU - Cochard, H. AU - Lemoine, D. AU - Dreyer, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00367.x IS - 1 J2 - Plant Cell Environ. KW - Acclimation Cavitation Fagaceae Fagus sylvatica Hydraulic conductivity Light Water relations LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 85 CODEN: PLCED References: Alder, N.N., Sperry, J.S., Pockman, W.T., Root and stem xylem embolism, stomatal conductance, and leaf turgor in Acer grandidentatum populations along a soil moisture gradient (1996) Oecologia, 105, pp. 293-301; Aussenac, G., Ducrey, M., Etude bioclimatique d'une futaie feuillue (Fagus sylvatica L. et Quercus sessiliflora Salish.) de l'est de la France. 1. Analyse des profiles microclimatiques et des caractéristiques anatomiques et morphologiques de l'appareil foliaire (1977) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 34, pp. 265-284; Borghetti, M., Leonardi, S., Raschi, A., Snyderman, D., Tognetti, R., Ecotypic variation of xylem embolism, phenological traits, growth parameters and allozyme characteristics in Fagus sylvatica (1993) Functional Ecology, 7, pp. 713-720; Cochard, H., Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism (1992) Tree Physiology, 11, pp. 73-83; Cochard, H., Bréda, N., Granier, A., Whole tree hydraulic conductance and water loss regulation: Evidence for stomatal control of embolism? (1996) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 53, pp. 197-206; Cochard, H., Ridolfi, M., Dreyer, E., Responses to water stress in an ABA-unresponsive hybrid poplar. 2. Hydraulic properties and xylem embolism (1996) New Phytologist, 134, pp. 455-461; Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Tyree, M.T., Use of positive pressures to establish vulnerability curves further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis (1992) Plant Physiology, 100, pp. 205-209; Cochard, H., Bréda, N., Granier, A., Aussenac, G., Vulnerability to air embolism of three European oak species (Quercus petraea, Q. pubescens, Q. robur) (1991) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 49, pp. 225-233; Cochard, H., Peiffer, M., Le Gall, M., Granier, A., Developmental control of xylem hydraulic resistances and vulnerability to embolism in Fraxinus excelsior L. impacts on water relations (1997) Journal of Experimental Botany, 48, pp. 655-663; Hacke, U., Sauter, J.J., Vulnerability of xylem to embolism in relation to leaf water potential and stomatal conductance in Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea and Populus balsamifera (1995) Journal of Experimental Botany, 46, pp. 1177-1183; Jackson, G.E., Irvine, J., Grace, J., Xylem cavitation in two mature Scots pine forests growing in a wet and a dry area of Britain (1995) Plant, Cell and Environment, 18, pp. 1411-1418; Jarbeau, J.A., Ewers, F.W., Davis, S.D., The mechanism of water-stress-induced embolism in two species of chaparral shrubs (1995) Plant, Cell and Environment, 18, pp. 189-196; Jones, H.G., Sutherland, R.A., Stomatal control of xylem embolism (1991) Plant, Cell and Environment, 14, pp. 607-612; Kaufmann, M.R., Ecophysiological processes affecting tree growth: Water relationships (1990) Process Modelling of Forest Growth, pp. 64-76. , ed. R. Dixon. Timber Press. Portland; Lipp, C.C., Nilsen, E.T., The impact of subcanopy light environment on the hydraulic vulnerability of Rhododendron maximum to freeze-thaw cycles and drought (1997) Plant, Cell and Environment, 20, pp. 1264-1272; Lu, P., Biron, P., Granier, A., Cochard, H., Water relations of adult Norway spruce (Picea abies (L) Karst) under soil drought in the Vosges mountains: Whole-tree hydraulic conductance, xylem embolism and water loss regulation (1996) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 53, pp. 113-121; Neufeld, H.S., Grantz, D.A., Meinzer, F.C., Goldstein, G., Crisosto, G.M., Crisosto, C., Genotypic variability in vulnerability of leaf xylem to cavitation in water-stressed and well-irrigated sugarcane (1992) Plant Physiology, 100, pp. 1020-1028; Ritchie, G.A., Evidence for red: Far red signaling and photomorphogenic growth response in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings (1997) Tree Physiology, 17, pp. 161-168; Schultz, H.R., Matthews, M.A., Xylem development and hydraulic conductance in sun and shade shoots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L) - Evidence that low light uncouples water transport capacity from leaf area (1993) Planta, 190, pp. 393-406; Sperry, J.S., Saliendra, N.Z., Intra- and inter-plant variation in xylem cavitation in Betula occidentalis (1994) Plant, Cell and Environment, 17, pp. 1233-1241; Sperry, J.S., Tyree, M.T., Mechanism of water stress-induced xylem embolism (1988) Plant Physiology, 88, pp. 581-587; Sperry, J.S., Donnelly, J.R., Tyree, M.T., A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem (1988) Plant, Cell and Environment, 11, pp. 35-40; Sperry, J.S., Tyree, M.T., Donnelly, J.R., Vulnerability of xylem to embolism in a mangrove vs an inland species of Rhizophoraceae (1988) Plant Physiology, 74, pp. 276-283; Tognetti, R., Michelozzi, M., Borghetti, M., Response to light of shade-grown beech seedlings subjected to different watering regimes (1994) Tree Physiology, 14, pp. 751-758; Tyree, M.T., Cheung, Y.N.S., Resistance to water flow in Fagus grandifolia leaves (1977) Canadian Journal of Botany, 55, pp. 2591-2599; Tyree, M.T., Dixon, M.A., Cavitation events in Thuja occidentalis L.? Ultrasonic acoustic emissions from the sapwood can be measured (1983) Plant Physiology, 72, pp. 1094-1099; Tyree, M.T., Ewers, F.W., The hydraulic architecture of trees and other woody plants (1991) New Phytologist, 119, pp. 345-360; Tyree, M.T., Sperry, J.S., Do woody plants operate near the point of catastrophic xylem dysfunction caused by dynamic water stress? Answers from a model (1988) Plant Physiology, 88, pp. 574-580; Tyree, M.T., Davis, S.D., Cochard, H., Biophysical perspectives of xylem evolution: Is there a tradeoff of hydraulic efficiency for vulnerability to dysfunction (1994) IAWA Journal, 15, pp. 335-360; Tyree, M.T., Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Sinclair, B., Ameglio, T., Drought-induced leaf shedding in walnut - Evidence for vulnerability segmentation (1993) Plant, Cell and Environment, 16, pp. 879-882; Tyree, M.T., Sinclair, B., Lu, P., Granier, A., Whole shoot hydraulic resistance in Quercus species measured with a new high-pressure flowmeter (1993) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 50, pp. 417-423 PY - 1999 SN - 01407791 SP - 101-108 ST - The effects of acclimation to sunlight on the xylem vulnerability to embolism in Fagus sylvatica L T2 - Plant, Cell and Environment TI - The effects of acclimation to sunlight on the xylem vulnerability to embolism in Fagus sylvatica L UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032989301&partnerID=40&md5=16e7751c6f5f08c5e409bb8d80ad02a9 VL - 22 ID - 580 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Hydraulic properties of xylem in seven species of conifer were studied during late winter and early spring 1991. Vulnerability to cavitation and air embolism was investigated using hydraulic conductivity and acoustic techniques. Embolisms were induced in branches excised from mature trees by air-drying them in the laboratory. Both techniques gave comparable results indicating that they both assess the same phenomenon. Within a tree, vulnerability was related to the permeability of the xylem, the largest stems tended to cavitate before the smallest ones when water deficits developed in a branch. Interspecific comparisons showed large differences in the xylem water potential needed to induce significant embolism, values ranged from –2.5 MPa in Pinus sylvestris to –4 MPa in Cedrus atlantica, but these differences did not correlate with differences in the xylem permeability of the species. The vulnerability of a species to air embolism was found to be consistent with its ecophysiological behavior in the presence of water stress, drought-tolerant species being less vulnerable than drought-avoiding species. AU - Cochard, Hervé DA - July 1, 1992 DO - 10.1093/treephys/11.1.73 IS - 1 PY - 1992 SP - 73-83 ST - Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism T2 - Tree Physiology TI - Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism UR - http://treephys.oxfordjournals.org/content/11/1/73.abstract VL - 11 ID - 581 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cohen AU - Allsopp LB - cohen1988 PY - 1988 SP - 669 - 681 ST - The potential impact of a scenario of CO2 induced climatic change on Ontario, Canada T2 - J. Climate TI - The potential impact of a scenario of CO2 induced climatic change on Ontario, Canada VL - 1 ID - 582 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cohen AU - Allsopp LB - cohen1988 PY - 1988 SP - 669 - 681 ST - The potential impact of a scenario of CO2 induced climatic change on Ontario, Canada T2 - J. Climate TI - The potential impact of a scenario of CO2 induced climatic change on Ontario, Canada VL - 1 ID - 583 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Colacino, M. AU - Conte, M. LB - colacino1995 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1995 SP - 295-304 ST - Heat waves in the Central Mediterranean T2 - A synoptic climatology. Il Nuovo Cimento C TI - Heat waves in the Central Mediterranean VL - 18 ID - 584 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Collier, K. AU - J AU - B AU - Smith, J. LB - coll00 PY - 2000 SP - 275-284 ST - Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I T2 - Effects of Air Temperature and Humidity on Longevity. Aquatic Insects TI - Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I VL - Vo ID - 585 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Collier, K. AU - J. AU - B. AU - Smith, J. LB - coll00 PY - 2000 SP - 275-284 ST - Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I T2 - Effects of Air Temperature and Humidity on Longevity. Aquatic Insects TI - Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I VL - Vo ID - 586 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Compagnucci, R. H. AU - Salles, M. A. LB - compagnucci1997 PY - 1997 SP - 635-653 ST - Surface pressure patterns during the year over southern South America T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Surface pressure patterns during the year over southern South America VL - 17 ID - 587 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Production and consumption processes in soils contribute to the global cycles of many trace gases (CH4, CO, OCS, H2, N2O, and NO) that are relevant for atmospheric chemistry and climate. Soil microbial processes contribute substantially to the budgets of atmospheric trace gases. The flux of trace gases between soil and atmosphere is usually the result of simultaneously operating production and consumption processes in soil: The relevant processes are not yet proven with absolute certainty, but the following are likely for trace gas consumption: H2 oxidation by abiontic soil enzymes; CO cooxidation by the ammonium monooxygenase of nitrifying bacteria; CH4 oxidation by unknown methanotrophic bacteria that utilize CH4 for growth; OCS hydrolysis by bacteria containing carbonic anhydrase; N2O reduction to N2 by denitrifying bacteria; NO consumption by either reduction to N2O in denitrifiers or oxidation to nitrate in heterotrophic bacteria. Wetland soils, in contrast to upland soils are generally anoxic and thus support the production of trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, N2O, and NO) by anaerobic bacteria such as fermenters, methanogens, acetogens, sulfate reducers, and denitrifiers. Methane is the dominant gaseous product of anaerobic degradation of organic matter and is released into the atmosphere, whereas the other trace gases are only intermediates, which are mostly cycled within the anoxic habitat. A significant percentage of the produced methane is oxidized by methanotrophic bacteria at anoxic-oxic interfaces such as the soil surface and the root surface of aquatic plants that serve as conduits for O2 transport into and CH4 transport out of the wetland soils. The dominant production processes in upland soils are different from those in wetland soils and include H2 production by biological N2 fixation, CO production by chemical decomposition of soil organic matter, and NO and N2O production by nitrification and denitrification. The processes responsible for CH4 production in upland soils are completely unclear, as are the OCS production processes in general. A problem for future research is the attribution of trace gas metabolic processes not only to functional groups of microorganisms but also to particular taxa. Thus, it is completely unclear how important microbial diversity is for the control of trace gas flux at the ecosystem level. However, different microbial communities may be part of the reason for differences in trace gas metabolism, e.g., effects of nitrogen fertilizers on CH4 uptake by soil; decrease of CH4 production with decreasing temperature; or different rates and modes of NO and N2O production in different soils and under different conditions. AU - Conrad, R DA - December 1, 1996 IS - 4 PY - 1996 SP - 609-40 ST - Soil microorganisms as controllers of atmospheric trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, OCS, N2O, and NO) T2 - Microbiological Reviews TI - Soil microorganisms as controllers of atmospheric trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, OCS, N2O, and NO) UR - http://mmbr.asm.org/content/60/4/609.abstract VL - 60 ID - 588 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Woudstra, J. & Fieldhouse, K. (eds.) AU - Conway, H. CY - London PB - E&FN Spon PY - 2000 SP - 9-20 ST - Parks and people: the social functions T2 - The Regeneration of Public Parks TI - Parks and people: the social functions ID - 589 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coope, G. R. LB - coop78 PY - 1978 SP - 176-187 ST - Constancy of insect species versus inconstancy of quaternary environments T2 - Mound, L.A., Waloff, N.(ed.) Diversity of Insect Faunas TI - Constancy of insect species versus inconstancy of quaternary environments ID - 590 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coope, G. R. LB - coop94 PY - 1994 SP - 19-26 ST - The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations T2 - Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations VL - 34 ID - 591 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coope, G.R. LB - coop78 PY - 1978 SP - 176-187 ST - Constancy of insect species versus inconstancy of quaternary environments T2 - Mound, L.A., Waloff, N.(ed.) Diversity of Insect Faunas TI - Constancy of insect species versus inconstancy of quaternary environments ID - 592 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coope, G.R. LB - coop94 PY - 1994 SP - 19-26 ST - The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations T2 - Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations VL - 34 ID - 593 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Dikau, R., Brunsden, D., Schrott, L. und Ibsen, M.L. (Hrsg.) AU - Corominas, J. AU - Remondo, J. AU - Farias, P. AU - Estevano, M. AU - Zézere, J. AU - Días de Terán, J. AU - Dikau, R. AU - Schrott, L. AU - Moya, J. AU - González, A. CY - Chichester PB - John Wiley & Sons Ltd PY - 1996 SP - 161-180 ST - Debris Flow T2 - Landslide Recognition: Identification, Movement and Courses TI - Debris Flow ID - 594 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Corradetti, A. PY - 1968 SP - 705-708 ST - Phlebotomus control in the Mediterranean and Middle East area T2 - Ann Ist Super Sanita TI - Phlebotomus control in the Mediterranean and Middle East area VL - 4 ID - 595 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Covington, W. Wallace DA - 2014/01/23 IS - 1 J2 - Ecology N1 - doi: 10.2307/1936666 0012-9658 PY - 1981 SP - 41-48 ST - Changes in Forest Floor Organic Matter and Nutrient Content Following Clear Cutting in Northern Hardwoods T2 - Ecology TI - Changes in Forest Floor Organic Matter and Nutrient Content Following Clear Cutting in Northern Hardwoods UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1936666 VL - 62 ID - 3410 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cowden, Charles C. AU - Peterson, Chris J. DA - 2014/01/23 IS - 3 J2 - Can. J. For. Res. N1 - doi: 10.1139/cjfr-2012-0410 0045-5067 PY - 2013 SP - 215-223 ST - Annual and seasonal dynamics of ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing white pine (Pinus strobus) seedlings following catastrophic windthrow in northern Georgia, USA T2 - Canadian Journal of Forest Research TI - Annual and seasonal dynamics of ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing white pine (Pinus strobus) seedlings following catastrophic windthrow in northern Georgia, USA UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2012-0410 VL - 43 ID - 3411 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cox, Peter M AU - Betts, Richard A AU - Jones, Chris D AU - Spall, Steven A AU - Totterdell, Ian J LB - cox:00 PY - 2000 SP - 184-187 ST - Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model T2 - Nature TI - Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model VL - 408 ID - 596 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crane, Robert G. AU - Hewitson, Bruce C. LB - cran98a N1 - Es wird ein Einzuggebiet eines Flusses in NeuEngland untersucht (35-47N, 83.75-68.75W). Es wurde ein "artificial neural net" verwendet. Eingangsgrössen waren GPA in 1000hPa und 500hPa sowie spez. Feuchte in 1000, 700, 500hPa auf Tagesbasis. Die Daten stammen vom Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) (März 1985 bis Februar 1993) mit einer Auflösung von 2x2,5 Grad. ***(wenn obiges lokaler datensatz ist dann ist nicht klar was der grobskalige input zur modellbildung ist; wenn obiges der grobsk.) cm lokale variable ist der tägliche subgitterskalige niederschlag Als Klimaänderung GCM wurde das GENESIS Model vom NCAR verwendet mit einer Auflösung von 3,75x3,75. Lokale bzw. untersuchte Variable ist der tägliche Niederschlag auf dem 2x2,5 Grad Gitter. Es zeigten sich Korrelationen von 0.5 bis 0.7. Bei einer zweifachen CO2 Konzentration zeigten sich Niederschlagserhöhungen von bis zu 50%(Mai) in den Wintermonaten deutlich geringere Erhöhungen. Schwierig zu lesen, sollte bei Verwendung von neuralen Netzwerken genauer studiert werden. PY - 1998 SP - 65-76 ST - Doubled CO2 precipitation changes for the Susquehanna Basin: Down-scaling from the GENESIS general circulation model T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Doubled CO2 precipitation changes for the Susquehanna Basin: Down-scaling from the GENESIS general circulation model VL - 18 ID - 597 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We examined seed source variation in drought tolerance characteristics of Pinus sylvestris seedlings from 12 diverse geographic origins representing a longitudinal transect across the species range. The seedlings were subjected to three dry-down cycles in raised water-use efficiency in a greenhouse experiment. We measured pre-dawn needle water potential (Ψn) and instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUE) (W) during the cyclic droughts. Seedling survival, growth, biomass allocation to roots, and carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) were measured at the end of the experiment. The seed sources varied (P < 0.05) in biomass growth, biomass allocation to roots, and δ13C. In general, seedlings from the drier central Asian seed sources survived longer under drought than seedlings from more mesic European and coastal seed sources. Seedlings from the Asian seed sources were smaller, allocated more biomass to roots, and had higher integrative water-use efficiency (as indicated by higher Δ13C) than the seedlings from the European sources. Seed source variation in ψn and W was not significant (P > 0.05). Carbon isotope ratio was correlated with precipitation at the seed origin (r = -0.75, P < 0.05). The results of this study support the generalization that Scots pine seed sources from the interior portion of the species range grow slower but are more drought tolerant than European seed sources. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. AD - USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, National Agroforestry Center, East Campus-UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska, East Campus-UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States Cregg, B.M. Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States email: cregg@msu.edu AU - Cregg, B. M. AU - Zhang, J. W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00626-5 IS - 1-2 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Carbon isotope ratio Drought tolerance Provenance Scots pine Biomass Carbon Drought Isotopes Morphology Physiology Seed Water-use efficiency (WUE) Plants (botany) carbon isotope ratio drought resistance morphology physiology provenance seedling Pinus Sylvestris Seedlings LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 26 CODEN: FECMD References: Boltz, B.A., Bongarten, B.C., Teskey, R.O., Seasonal patterns of net photosynthesis of loblolly pines from diverse origins (1986) Can. J. For. Res., 16, pp. 1063-1068; Boratynski, A., Range and natural distribution (1991) Genetics of Scots Pine, pp. 19-30. , Giertych, M., Matyas, C. (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam; Brown, J.H., Variation in roots of greenhouse grown seedlings of different Scots pine provenances (1969) Silvae Genet., 18, pp. 111-117; Chambers, J.L., Clifton, R.G.P., Barnett, J.P., Sand culture and raised beds for inducement of water stress in seedling physiology studies (1988) Proceedings of the 10th North American Forest Biology Workshop, pp. 164-168. , University of British Columbia; Cody, R.P., Smith, J.K., (1997) Applied statistics and the SAS Programming Language, 4th Ed., , Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 445 p; Craig, H., Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and correlation factors for mass-spectrometric analysis of carbon dioxide (1957) Geochem. Acta, 12, pp. 133-149; Cregg, B.M., Improving drought tolerance of trees for agroforestry systems (1993) Proceedings of the Third North American Agroforestry Conference, pp. 13-17. , Ames, IA; Cregg, B.M., Carbon allocation, gas exchange and needle morphology of Pinus ponderosa genotypes known to differ in growth and survival under imposed drought (1994) Tree Physiol., 14, pp. 883-898; Cregg, B.M., Olivas-Garcia, J.M., Hennessey, T.C., Provenance variation in carbon isotope discrimination of mature ponderosa pine trees at two locations in the Great Plains (2000) Can. J. For. Res., 30, pp. 428-439; Farquhar, G.D., Ehleringer, J.R., Hubick, K.T., Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis (1989) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 40, pp. 503-537; Flanagan, L.B., Johnsen, K.H., Genetic variation in carbon isotope discrimination and its relationship to growth under field conditions in full-sib families of Picea mariana (1995) Can. J. For. Res., 25, pp. 39-47; Giertych, M., Provenance variation in growth and phenology (1991) Genetics of Scots Pine, pp. 87-101. , Giertych, M., Matyas, C. (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam; Jackson, G.E., Irvine, J., Grace, J., Xylem cavitation in Scots pine and Sitka spruce saplings during water stress (1995) Tree Physiol., 15, pp. 783-790; Long, E.M., Texas and Louisiana loblolly pine study confirms importance of local seed sources (1980) So. J. Appl. For., 4, pp. 127-132; Luoma, S., Geographical pattern in photosynthetic light response of Pinus sylvestris in Europe (1997) Funct. Ecol., 11, pp. 273-281; Monson, R.K., Grant, M.C., Experimental studies of ponderosa pine. III. Differences in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency between two genetic lines (1989) Am. J. Bot., 76, pp. 1041-1047; Moser, E.B., Saxton, A.M., Repeated measures analysis of variance: Application to tree research (1990) Can. J. For. Res., 20, pp. 524-535; Oleksyn, J., Inheritance of resistance to abiotic factors (1991) Genetics of Scots Pine, pp. 219-229. , Giertych, M., Matyas, C. (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam; Ritchie, G.A., Hinckley, T.M., The pressure chamber as an instrument for ecological research (1975) Adv. Ecol. Res., 9, pp. 165-254; Shutyaev, A.M., Giertych, M., Height growth in a comprehensive Eurasian provenance experiment of Pinus sylvestris L. (1997) Silvae Genet., 46, pp. 332-349; Teskey, R.O., Bongarten, B.C., Cregg, B.M., Dougherty, P.M., Hennessey, T.C., Physiology and genetics of tree growth in response to moisture and temperature stress: An examination of the characteristics of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) (1987) Tree Physiol., 3, pp. 41-61; Wright, J.W., Bull, W.I., Geographic variation in Scotch pine: Results of a 3-year study in Michigan (1963) Silvae Genet., 12, pp. 1-25; Wright, J.W., Pauley, S.S., Polk, R.B., Jokela, J.J., Read, R.A., Performance of Scots pine varieties in the North Central Region (1966) Silvae Genet., 15, pp. 101-110; Zhang, J.W., Cregg, B.M., Variation in stable isotope discrimination among and within exotic conifer species grown in eastern Nebraska, USA (1996) For. Ecol. Mgmt., 83, pp. 181-187; Zhang, J.W., Marshall, J.D., Variation in carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthetic gas exchange among populations of Pseudotsuga menziesii and Pinus ponderosa in different environments (1995) Funct. Ecol., 9, pp. 410-412; Zhang, J.W., Feng, Z., Cregg, B.M., Schumann, C.M., Carbon isotopic composition, gas exchange, and growth of three populations of ponderosa pine differing in drought tolerance (1997) Tree Physiol., 17, pp. 461-466 PY - 2001 SN - 03781127 SP - 131-139 ST - Physiology and morphology of Pinus sylvestris seedlings from diverse sources under cyclic drought stress T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Physiology and morphology of Pinus sylvestris seedlings from diverse sources under cyclic drought stress UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035889432&partnerID=40&md5=ff936b4e5a0eec5e4740b19db751edb7 VL - 154 ID - 598 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Cressie, N. A. C. ET - revised LB - cressie1993 N1 - bodo PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York PY - 1993 ST - Statistics for Spatial Data TI - Statistics for Spatial Data ID - 599 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Creutin, J. AU - Obled, C. LB - creu82ab N1 - bodo-precip analysis PY - 1982 SP - 413-431 ST - Objective Analyses and mapping Techniques for Rainfall Fields: An Objective Comparison T2 - WRR TI - Objective Analyses and mapping Techniques for Rainfall Fields: An Objective Comparison VL - 18 ID - 600 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Crichton, D. CY - London LB - crichton2003 PB - Benfiled Greig Hazard Research Centre PY - 2003 SN - 1 ST - Flood Risk and Insurance in England&Wales: Are There Lessons to Be Learned from Scotland? TI - Flood Risk and Insurance in England&Wales: Are There Lessons to Be Learned from Scotland? ID - 601 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crick, . AU - et al. LB - cric97 PY - 1997 SP - 388-526 ST - UK birds are laying eggs earlier T2 - Nature TI - UK birds are laying eggs earlier ID - 602 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crick, H. Q. P. AU - Sparks AU - H, T. LB - cric99 PY - 1999 SP - 423-424 ST - Climate change related to egg-laying trends T2 - Nature TI - Climate change related to egg-laying trends VL - 39 ID - 603 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crick, H. Q. P. AU - Sparks AU - H., T. LB - cric99 PY - 1999 SP - 423-424 ST - Climate change related to egg-laying trends T2 - Nature TI - Climate change related to egg-laying trends VL - 39 ID - 604 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crick AU - et al. LB - cric97 PY - 1997 SP - 388-526 ST - UK birds are laying eggs earlier T2 - Nature TI - UK birds are laying eggs earlier ID - 605 ER - TY - JOUR AU - CRITCHLEY, B. R. IS - 4 PY - 1998 SP - 271-287 ST - Literature review of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Hemiptera, Scutelleridae) T2 - Crop Protection TI - Literature review of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Hemiptera, Scutelleridae) VL - 17 ID - 606 ER - TY - RPRT AU - CROMPTON, T. AU - BREWER, J. AU - CHILTON AU - KASSER, T. CY - Report published in partnership by: WWF, Friends of Earth, Oxfam, Climate outreach and information campaign, Campaign to Protect Rural England N1 - http://assets.wwf.org.uk/downloads/common_cause_report.pdf PY - 2010 RP - http://assets.wwf.org.uk/downloads/common_cause_report.pdf ST - Common Cause – The case for Working with our Cultural Values TI - Common Cause – The case for Working with our Cultural Values ID - 3515 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A site manipulation experiment was conducted to test the effects of liming, drought, fertilization, sawdust amendment, and root trenching on water-soluble humic substances in the O horizon of a mature red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) stand in Maine. Concentrations of water-extractable dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the sawdust and root trenching treatments were approximately twice as high as DOC in the untreated controls and other treatments. Mean carboxyl group contents of DOC ranged from 4.8 to 6.3 mol/kg C among treatments and controls. Control and drought treatments contained the highest carboxyl contents, whereas the sawdust and fertilizer treatments had the lowest carboxyl densities. Synchronous scan fluorescence spectra for the water extracts contained major peaks at 350, 395, and 470 nm, and these peaks were similar to those obtained for reference humic and fulvic acid standards, as well as selected aromatic model compounds. Overall, the fertilizer treatment produced a 20% decrease, the root trenching generated a 70% increase, and the sawdust treatment yielded a 120% increase in the release of organic acid ligands as compared with the control plots. The twofold range of variation in DOC and organic acidity associated with different substrate conditions in this experiment was considerably smaller than the tenfold range of variation reported in the literature for sites from diverse geographic locations. This suggests that the quantitative fluxes of DOC and organic acidity from forest soil O horizons are determined by the interactive effects of substrate conditions, climate, and other local site factors. AD - Dep. of Plant Biology and Pathology, 202 Deering Hall, Univ. of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States Cronan, C.S. Dep. of Plant Biology and Pathology, 202 Deering Hall, Univ. of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States AU - Cronan, C. S. AU - Lakshman, S. AU - Patterson, H. H. DB - Scopus IS - 3 J2 - J. ENVIRON. QUAL. KW - fertilizer organic carbon organic matter unclassified drug acidification article forest humic substance soil Pinus resinosa LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):41 CODEN: JEVQA PY - 1992 SN - 00472425 SP - 457-463 ST - Effects of disturbance and soil amendments on dissolved organic carbon and organic acidity in red pine forest floors T2 - Journal of Environmental Quality TI - Effects of disturbance and soil amendments on dissolved organic carbon and organic acidity in red pine forest floors UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0026649145&partnerID=40&md5=99bc9ad5ba6886449c2a24b2f5adf2ae VL - 21 ID - 3412 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crosby, A. W. LB - cros86 PY - 1986 SP - 368 ST - Ecological Imperialism: the biological expansion of Europe, 900-1900 T2 - Cambridge University Press TI - Ecological Imperialism: the biological expansion of Europe, 900-1900 ID - 607 ER - TY - GEN AU - Croson, D. AU - Kunreuther, H. LB - croson1999 N1 - Paper presented at Conference on Global Change and Catastrophic Risk Management PY - 1999 ST - Customizing Reinsurance and Cat Bonds for Natural Hazard Risks TI - Customizing Reinsurance and Cat Bonds for Natural Hazard Risks ID - 608 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Crowley, Thomas J. AU - North, Gerald H. CY - New York LB - crow91a PB - Oxford University Press, Inc. PY - 1991 SP - 339 ST - Paleoclimatology T2 - OXFORD MONOGRAPHS ON GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, Nr. 18 TI - Paleoclimatology ID - 609 ER - TY - BOOK AU - CRÜGER, G. CY - Stuttgart ET - 3. Aufl. PB - Verl. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co PY - 1991 ST - Pflanzenschutz im Gemüsebau TI - Pflanzenschutz im Gemüsebau ID - 610 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Since about twenty years, hydraulic architecture (h.a.) is, doubtless, the major trend in the domain of plants (and especially trees) water relations. This review encompasses the main concepts and results concerning the hydraulic of architecture of trees. After a short paragraph about the definition of the h.a., the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the h.a. are presented. This is an occasion to discuss the pipe model from the h.a. point of view. The second part starts with the central concept of embolism and give a review of important experimental results and questions concerning summer and winter embolism. The last part deals with the coupling between hydraulic and stomatal conductances. It discusses the theoretical and experimental relationships between transpiration and leaf water potential during a progressive soil drought, the increase of soil-root resistance and its consequences in term of xylem vulnerability, the factors controlling the daily maximum transpiration and how stomates can prevent "run away embolism". In conclusion different kinds of unsolved questions of h.a., which can be a matter of future investigations, are presented in addition with a classification of trees behaviour under drought conditions. To end, an appendix recalls the notions of water potential, pressure and tension. AD - U.M.R. PIAF, INRA, Université Blaise Pascal, 234 av. du Brezet, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France Cruiziat, P. U.M.R. PIAF, INRA, Université Blaise Pascal, 234 av. du Brezet, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France email: cruiziat@clermont.inra.fr AU - Cruiziat, P. AU - Cochard, H. AU - Améglio, T. DB - Scopus IS - 7 J2 - Ann. Forest Sci. KW - Cohesion-tension theory Drought resistance Hydraulic architecture Summer embolism Winter embolism hydraulic conductivity plant stomatal conductance water relations LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 97 CODEN: AFOSF References: Améglio, T., Morizet, J., Cruiziat, P., Martignac, M., The effects of root temperature on water flux, potential and root resistance in sunflower (1990) Agronomie, 10, pp. 331-340; Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Alternance tension/pression de la sève dans le xylème chez le noyer pendant l'hiver: Rôle des températures (1992) C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. 3 (Sci. Vie), 315, pp. 429-435; Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Béraud, S., Alternance tension/pression de la sève dans le xylème chez le noyer pendant l'hiver: Conséquences sur la conductance hydraulique des rameaux (1995) C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. 3 (Sci. Vie), 318, pp. 351-357; Améglio, T., Cochard, H., Picon, C., Cohen, M., Water relations and hydraulic architecture of peach trees under drought conditions (1998) Acta Hort., 465, pp. 355-361. , Proc. Fourth Intern. Peach Symposium, Monet R. (Ed.); Améglio, T., Archer, P., Cochen, M., Valancogne, C., Daudet, F.A., Dayau, S., Cruiziat, P., Significance and limit in the use of predawn leaf water potential for tree irrigation (1999) Plant Soil, 207, pp. 155-167; Amégio, T., Perrier, C., Le Roux, X., Mingeau, M., Drought effect on water relations and fruit yield in highbush blueberries (1999) Fruits, 54, pp. 423-430; Améglio, T., Guilliot, A., Lacointe, A., Alves, G., Julien, J.L., Petel, G., Valentin, V., Water relation in winter: Effect on budbreak of walnut tree (2000) Dormancy in Plants, pp. 109-120. , Viémont J.D., Crabbé J. (Eds.), CAB International; André, J.P., Heterogeneous branched, zigzag and circular vessels: Unexpected but frequent forms of tracheary element files: Description-localization-formation (2000) Experimental Biology Reviews, pp. 387-395. , Savidge R.A., Barnett J.R., Napier R. (Eds.), Cell and Molecular Biology of Wood Formation, Bios Scientific Publishers Ltd, Oxford, UK; André, J.P., (2002) Une Nouvelle Vision de l'Organisation Vasculaire des Angiospermes, le Moulage Histologique, , INRA Éditions; Assmann, E., (1970) The Principles of Forest Yield Study, , Pergamon Press, 560 p; Barthélémy, D., Edelin, C., Halle, F., Canopy Architecture (1991) Physiology of Trees, pp. 1-20. , Raghavendra A.S. (Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, USA; Becker, P., Tyree, M.T., Tsuda, M., Hydraulic conductances of angiosperms versus conifers: Similar transport sufficiency at the whole-plant level (1999) Tree Physiol., 19, pp. 445-452; Becker, P., Gribben, R.J., Lim, C.M., Tapered conduits can buffer hydraulic conductance from path-length effects (2000) Tree Physiol., 20, pp. 965-967; Boyer, J.S., Water transport (1985) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 36, pp. 473-516; Cochard, H., Tyree, M.T., Xylem dysfunction in Quercus: Vessel sizes, tyloses, cavitation and seasonal changes in embolism (1990) Tree Physiol., 6, pp. 393-407; Cochard, H., Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism (1992) Tree Physiol., 11, pp. 73-83; Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Tyree, M.T., Use of positive pressures to establish vulnerability curves. Further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis (1992) Plant Physiol., 100, pp. 205-209; Cochard, H., Breda, N., Granier, A., Aussenac, G., Vulnerability to air embolism of three european oak species (Quercus petraea (Matt) Liebl, Q. pubescens Willd, Q. robur L.) (1992) Ann. Sci. For., 49, pp. 225-233; Cochard, H., L'embolie estivale et hivernale: Données actuelles et mécanismes (1995) L'eau dans la Vie de l'Arbre, 14-15/04/94, pp. 67-97. , Cruiziat P. (Ed.), Séminaire du Groupe d'Étude de l'Arbre, Inra-PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand Theix; Cochard, H., Bréda, N., Granier, A., Whole-tree hydraulic conductance and water losss regulation of Quercus petraea during drought: Evidence for stomatal control of embolism? (1996) Ann. Sci. For., 53, pp. 197-206; Cochard, H., Ridolfi, M., Dreyer, E., Responses to water stress in an ABA-unresponsive hybrid poplar (Populus koreana x trichocalpa cv 'Peace') II: Hydraulic properties and xylem embolism (1996) New Phytol., 134, pp. 455-461; Cochard, H., Peiffer, M., Le Gall, K., Granier, A., Developmental control of xylem hydraulic resistances and vulnerability to embolism in Fraxinus excelsior L.: Impacts on water relations (1997) J. Exp. Bot., 48, pp. 655-663; Cochard, H., Granier, A., Fonctionnement hydraulique des arbres forestiers (1999) Rev. For. Fr., 2, pp. 121-134; Cochard, H., Lemoine, D., Dreyer, E., The effects of acclimation to sunlight on the xylem vulnerability to embolism in Fagus sylvatica L. (1999) Plant Cell Environ., 22, pp. 101-108; Cochard, H., Martin, R., Gross, P., Bogeat-Triboulot, M.B., Temperature effects on hydraulic conductance and water relations of Quercus robur L. (2000) J. Exp. Bot., 51, pp. 1255-1259; Cochard, H., Bodet, C., Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy Observations of Vessel Content during Transpiration in Walnut Petioles. Facts or Artifacts? 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DA - 2011/11/11 DO - doi 10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303 10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303 IS - 1 N1 - doi: 10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303 PY - 1979 SN - 0084-6597 SP - 443-472 ST - The Role of NO and NO2 in the Chemistry of the Troposphere and Stratosphere T2 - Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences TI - The Role of NO and NO2 in the Chemistry of the Troposphere and Stratosphere UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303 VL - 7 ID - 612 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Currie, D. J. PY - 1991 SP - 27-49 ST - Energy and large-scale patterns of animal- and plant-species richness T2 - American Naturalist TI - Energy and large-scale patterns of animal- and plant-species richness VL - 137 ID - 613 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We compared simulated time series of nitrogen-15 (15 N) redistribution following a large-scale labeling experiment against field recoveries of 15 NH4 + and 15 NO3 - in vegetation tissues. We sought to gain insight into the altered modes of N cycling under long-term, experimentally elevated N inputs. The study took place in two contrasting forests: a red pine stand and a mixed deciduous stand (predominantly oak) at the Harvard Forest, Massachusetts, USA. We used TRACE, a dynamic simulation model of ecosystem biogeochemistry that includes ${}^{15}{\rm N}/{}^{14}{\rm N}$ ratios in N pools and fluxes. We simulated input-output and internal fluxes of N, tracing the labeled cohorts of N inputs through ecosystem pools for one decade. Trace simulated the peaks and timing of 15 N recovery in foliage well, providing a key link between modeling and field studies. Recovery of tracers in fine roots was captured less well. The model was structured to provide rapid, initial sinks for 15 NO3 - and 15 NH4 + in both forests, as indicated by field data. In simulations, N in litter turned over rapidly, even as humus provided a long-term sink for rapidly cycling N. This sink was greater in the oak forest. Plant uptake fluxes of N in these fertilized plots were on the same order of magnitude as net assimilation fluxes in forest-floor humus. A striking result was the small rate of incorporation of N in humus resulting from the transfer of litter material to humus, compared with large fluxes of N into humus and its associated microorganisms through direct transfers from pools of inorganic N in soils. AU - Currie, W.S. AU - Nadelhoffer, K.J. PY - 1999 SP - 4-18 ST - Dynamic redistribution of isotopically labeled cohorts of nitrogen inputs in two temperate forests T2 - Ecosystems TI - Dynamic redistribution of isotopically labeled cohorts of nitrogen inputs in two temperate forests VL - 2 ID - 614 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Controlled field experiments to study the effects of heightened atmospheric inputs of nitrogen (N) to forests typically demonstrate that most N enters nonextractable pools in soil, while some N is taken up by vegetation, and varying amounts are exported. In a few experimental manipulations of N inputs to forests, 15N has been added as a tracer to more closely study the fates and redistributions of NH4 1 and NO3 2 at the ecosystem level. We developed TRACE, a biogeochemical process model based on previous models, to interpret ecosystem-level 15N field data following applications of 15N-enriched NO3 2 or NH4 1 at the Harvard Forest, Massachusetts, USA. We simulated the forms, masses, atom%, and timing of 15N applications in ambient and chronically fertilized plots over two growing seasons in coniferous and deciduous forest stands. Incorporating principles of stable-isotope redistributions, such as mass balance and pool dilution, into the process model provided a strong means of comparing alternative model formulations against field data. TRACE explicitly illustrated the manner in which rates of gross N turnover in soils could be high enough to provide strong sinks for 15N in ambient plots, while limited enough to allow much greater uptake of 15N by vegetation in fertilized plots. Ectorganic horizons, including litter and humified matter, were key in retaining 15N inputs. We found that fine root uptake and turnover could not account for the rapid movement of 15N into soil pools; direct assimilation into soil pools was required for both NH4 1 and NO3 2 in both deciduous and coniferous forests. Such high rates of N assimilation could not be accounted for by microbial biomass production using detrital C as the substrate. These findings have farranging implications for understanding the reciprocal effects of N deposition on forest C budgets, and forest C cycling on ecosystem N retention AU - Currie, W.S. AU - Nadelhoffer, K.J. AU - Aber, J.D. KW - acid deposition biogeochemistry decomposition forest floor humus isotope tracers leaching litterfall mineralization N retention and saturation nitrification nutrient uptake, model PY - 1999 SP - 87-102 ST - Soil detrital processes controlling the movement of 15N tracers to forest vegetation T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Soil detrital processes controlling the movement of 15N tracers to forest vegetation VL - 9 ID - 615 ER - TY - JOUR AU - D, P. J. Yoo AU - Jaeger, S. LB - d02 PY - 2002 SP - 435-445 ST - Changing Seasons: An Effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation? T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Changing Seasons: An Effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation? VL - 15 ID - 616 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Cover crops alter many aspects of the hydrologic cycle. They increase evapotranspiration while growing and can enhance water infiltration into soil, slow runoff rates, and reduce soil erosion in both conventional-till and no-till systems throughout the year. However, the difference between the results of plot and watershed studies demonstrate that caution should be taken in extrapolating plot data to watershed scales. As scale increases, so does the influence of hydraulically-controlling subsurface soil horizons. Unfortunately, most of the available cover crop research comes from relatively small plats and very few watershed studies have been initiated in recent years. Perennial cover crops offer the potential for altering the porosity of subsurface soil horizons so as to increase future soil productivity and reduce future runoff amounts and rates. AU - Dabney, Seth M. IS - 3 PY - 1998 SP - 207-213 ST - Cover crop impacts on watershed hydrology T2 - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation TI - Cover crop impacts on watershed hydrology UR - http://www.jswconline.org/content/53/3/207.abstract VL - 53 ID - 3339 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Dachs, H. et al. (Hrsg.) CY - Wien PB - Manz Verlag PY - 2006 SE - 1076 ST - Politik in Österreich. Das Handbuch TI - Politik in Österreich. Das Handbuch ID - 617 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Daehler, C. C. LB - daeh01 PY - 2001 SP - 101-102 ST - Two ways to be an invader, but one is more suitable for ecology T2 - Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America TI - Two ways to be an invader, but one is more suitable for ecology VL - 82 ID - 618 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In a world faced with accelerating climate change, economic instability and resource limits, it is urgent to find better indicators of progress towards sustainability. The available indicators mostly succeed at measuring unsustainable trends that can be targeted by management action, but fall short of defining or ensuring sustainability. A recent review of environmental assessment and reporting at the national level for the United Nations Environment Programme shows about half of reporting countries to be using indicators and provides some lessons learned. However indicators at the national level are not sufficient. The challenges ahead include finding indicators of change in dynamic systems, establishing sustainability targets towards which national progress can be measured, developing global level indicators of planetary sustainability, and providing individuals with indicators reflecting their own progress and providing positive incentives for further efforts. Finally, since achieving sustainability is fundamentally an ethical challenge, a new set of values-based indicators is required to measure and motivate the implementation of ethical principles necessary to guide the transition towards sustainability. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - International Environment Forum, 12B Chemin de Maisonneuve, CH-1219 Chatelaine, Geneva, Switzerland Dahl, A.L. International Environment Forum, 12B Chemin de Maisonneuve, CH-1219 Chatelaine, Geneva, Switzerland email: dahla@bluewin.ch AU - Dahl, A. L. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.04.032 J2 - Ecol. Indic. KW - Ethics Indicators National Sustainability Systems Values Economic instability Environmental assessment Ethical principles Global levels National level United Nations Environment Programme Climate change Computer systems Indicators (instruments) Philosophical aspects Sustainable development development indicator economic conditions environmental assessment environmental indicator ethics market transition national strategy resource scarcity socioeconomic indicator sustainability United Nations Environment Program LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):20 References: Anello, E., Ethical Infrastructure for Good Governance in the Public Pharmaceutical Sector (2006) Working Draft for Field Testing and Revision, , November 2006. World Health Organization, Geneva (including material adapted from Rawls, J.; 1999. A Theory of Justice. Rev. Ed. Harvard University Press, Cambridge); (1995) Prosperity of Humankind. 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UNEP/GC.25/INF/12/add.1. (last accessed on 28 July 2009); (2008) Living Planet Report 2008. World Wide Fund for Nature, , http://www.panda.org/news_facts/publications/living_planet_report/index. cfm, Zoological Society of London, Global Footprint Network. WWF, Gland Switzerland (last accessed on 28 July 2009) PY - 2012 SN - 1470160X SP - 14-19 ST - Achievements and gaps in indicators for sustainability T2 - Ecological Indicators TI - Achievements and gaps in indicators for sustainability UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84855787146&partnerID=40&md5=2330ce26ed530150a52d18fc61115dd6 VL - 17 ID - 3516 ER - TY - JOUR AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, United States Dale, V.H. Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, United States email: vhd@ornl.gov AU - Dale, V. H. AU - Joyce, L. A. AU - McNulty, S. AU - Neilson, R. P. AU - Ayres, M. P. AU - Flannigan, M. D. 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PY - 1996 SP - 1-186 ST - Gletscher-, Landschafts- und Klimaentwicklung in der Rieserfernergruppe (Tirol) seit dem Spätglazial T2 - Göttinger Geographische Abhandlungen TI - Gletscher-, Landschafts- und Klimaentwicklung in der Rieserfernergruppe (Tirol) seit dem Spätglazial VL - 104 ID - 620 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B. PY - 1998 SP - 141-159 ST - Der Ablauf des Gletscherrückzuges in der Rieserfernergruppe (Tirol) im Anschluss an den Hochstand um 1850 T2 - Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie TI - Der Ablauf des Gletscherrückzuges in der Rieserfernergruppe (Tirol) im Anschluss an den Hochstand um 1850 VL - 34 ID - 621 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B. PY - 1999 SP - 49-55 ST - L' evolutione dei ghiacciai, del paesaggio e del clima nei Monti di Tures (Alto Adige) dal Tardiglaciale T2 - Geografia Fisica e Dinamica Quaternaria TI - L' evolutione dei ghiacciai, del paesaggio e del clima nei Monti di Tures (Alto Adige) dal Tardiglaciale VL - 22 ID - 622 ER - TY - UNPB AU - DAMM, B. PB - Universität Göttingen PY - 2005 SP - 8 ST - Murereignisse am Klammbach im Antholzertal im Juli/August 2005. Ergebnisse der Feldbegehungen und Messungen TI - Murereignisse am Klammbach im Antholzertal im Juli/August 2005. Ergebnisse der Feldbegehungen und Messungen ID - 623 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B. PY - 2006 SP - 87-99 ST - Late Quaternary glacier advances in the upper catchment area of the Indus River (Ladakh and Western Tibet) T2 - Quaternary International TI - Late Quaternary glacier advances in the upper catchment area of the Indus River (Ladakh and Western Tibet) VL - 154-155 ID - 624 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B., BORK, H.-R. & B. TERHORST, EDS. ST - Quaternary landscape evolution and morphodynamics of terrestrial ecosystems T2 - Quaternary International TI - Quaternary landscape evolution and morphodynamics of terrestrial ecosystems ID - 625 ER - TY - GEN AU - DAMM, B. AU - FELDERER, A. PY - 2008 SP - 29-32 ST - Identifikation und Abschätzung von Murprozessen als Folge von Gletscherrückgang und Permafrostdegradation im Naturpark Rieserferner-Ahrn (Südtirol) T2 - Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt TI - Identifikation und Abschätzung von Murprozessen als Folge von Gletscherrückgang und Permafrostdegradation im Naturpark Rieserferner-Ahrn (Südtirol) VL - 62 ID - 626 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B. AU - FELDERER, A. PY - 2009 ST - Climate Change and natural hazards - debris flow hazards derived from warming of the cryosphere in the southern Eastern Alps (Italy) T2 - Quaternary Science Journal TI - Climate Change and natural hazards - debris flow hazards derived from warming of the cryosphere in the southern Eastern Alps (Italy) ID - 627 ER - TY - GEN AU - DAMM, B. AU - LANGER, M. PY - 2006 SP - 295-314 ST - Kartierung und Regionalisierung von Permafrostindikatoren im Rieserfernergebiet (Südtirol/Osttirol) T2 - Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft TI - Kartierung und Regionalisierung von Permafrostindikatoren im Rieserfernergebiet (Südtirol/Osttirol) ID - 628 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Damoser, J. Hofer E. PY - 1995 SP - 137-141 ST - Brucella suis Biovar 2-Infektionen beim Feldhasen T2 - Z. Jagdwiss. TI - Brucella suis Biovar 2-Infektionen beim Feldhasen VL - 41 ID - 629 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Damoser, J., Hofer, E. PY - 1995 SP - 137-141 ST - Brucella suis Biovar 2-Infektionen beim Feldhasen T2 - Z. Jagdwiss. TI - Brucella suis Biovar 2-Infektionen beim Feldhasen VL - 41 ID - 630 ER - TY - THES AU - Damyanovic, Doris. CY - Guthmann Peterson Verlag, Wien PB - Dissertation an der Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2007 ST - Landschaftsplanung als Qualitätssicherung zur Umsetzung der Strategie des Gender Mainstreaming TI - Landschaftsplanung als Qualitätssicherung zur Umsetzung der Strategie des Gender Mainstreaming ID - 3622 ER - TY - JOUR AB - • This study aims to link three-dimensional coarse root architecture to tree stability in mature timber trees with an average of 1-m rooting depth. • Undamaged and uprooted trees were sampled in a stand damaged by a storm. Root architecture was measured by three-dimensional (3-D) digitizing. The distribution of root volume by root type and in wind-oriented sectors was analysed. • Mature Pinus pinaster root systems were organized in a rigid 'cage' composed of a taproot, the zone of rapid taper of horizontal surface roots and numerous sinkers and deep roots, imprisoning a large mass of soil and guyed by long horizontal surface roots. Key compartments for stability exhibited strong selective leeward or windward reinforcement. Uprooted trees showed a lower cage volume, a larger proportion of oblique and intermediate depth horizontal roots and less wind-oriented root reinforcement. • Pinus pinaster stability on moderately deep soils is optimized through a typical rooting pattern and a considerable structural adaptation to the prevailing wind and soil profile. © New Phytologist (2005). AD - INRA - Bordeaux, EPHYSE, 69, route d'Arcachon, F-33612 Gazinet Cedex, France CIRAD Departement AMIS, Laboratoire de Rhéologie du Bois de Bordeaux (UMR CNRS, INRA), Université Bordeaux I, 69 route d'Arcachon, F-33612 Gazinet Cedex, France LIAMA, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PB 2728, Beijing 100080, China Danjon, F. INRA - Bordeaux, EPHYSE, 69, route d'Arcachon, F-33612 Gazinet Cedex, France email: fred@pierroton.inra.fr AU - Danjon, F. AU - Fourcaud, T. AU - Bert, D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01497.x IS - 2 J2 - New Phytol. 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PY - 2008 ST - Wirtschaftsdünger im Biolandbau – Aufbereitung und Einsatz T2 - Der fortschrittliche Landwirt, Sonderbeilage TI - Wirtschaftsdünger im Biolandbau – Aufbereitung und Einsatz ID - 633 ER - TY - RPRT AU - A., Darabant AU - K., Katzensteiner AU - G., Gratzer AU - S., Dorji PB - Vienna, Austria, ÖBF, Ämter d. Stmk., Tiroler und Salzburger Landesregierungen, Gemeinde Wien PY - 2009 ST - Pilotstudie: Resilienz von Schutzwäldern in den Nördlichen Kalkalpen. TI - Pilotstudie: Resilienz von Schutzwäldern in den Nördlichen Kalkalpen. ID - 3414 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Darné, S. AU - Sinclair, S. A. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01984.x IS - 1 PY - 2006 SN - 1365-2230 SP - 155-156 ST - A sandfly in Surrey? A case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the United Kingdom without history of recent travel to an endemic area T2 - Clinical and Experimental Dermatology TI - A sandfly in Surrey? A case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the United Kingdom without history of recent travel to an endemic area UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01984.x VL - 31 ID - 634 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Dasgupta, P. PB - University of Cambridge. PY - 2006 ST - Comments on the Stern Review's Economics of Climate Change TI - Comments on the Stern Review's Economics of Climate Change ID - 635 ER - TY - DBASE AU - Database, USDA Plant DA - 12 September 2006 N1 - Ambrosia artemisiifolia PB - National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA PY - 2006 TI - Ambrosia artemisiifolia UR - http://plants.usda.gov ID - 636 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Daubenmire, R. PY - 1954 SP - 11. 119-136. ST - Alpine timberlines in the Americas and their interpretation. Butler Univ. Bot. Studies TI - Alpine timberlines in the Americas and their interpretation. Butler Univ. Bot. Studies ID - 637 ER - TY - GEN AU - Davenport, Alan G. AU - Grimmond, C. Sue B. AU - Oke, Tim R. 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PY - 1937 SP - 477-481 ST - Über den Verlauf der Tularämie in Österreich. Dtsch. tierärzt. Wschr. T2 - Dtsch. tierärzt. Wschr. TI - Über den Verlauf der Tularämie in Österreich VL - 45 ID - 641 ER - TY - JOUR AU - David, H. PY - 1937 SP - 45, 477-481. ST - Über den Verlauf der Tularämie in Österreich. Dtsch. tierärzt. Wschr. TI - Über den Verlauf der Tularämie in Österreich. Dtsch. tierärzt. Wschr ID - 642 ER - TY - CONF AU - David, H. CY - Berlin PY - 1937 ST - Zur Diagnose der Tularämie des Menschen und der Tiere. 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie, Berlin. T2 - 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie TI - Zur Diagnose der Tularämie des Menschen und der Tiere. 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie ID - 643 ER - TY - JOUR AU - David, H. PY - 1937 ST - Zur Diagnose der Tularämie des Menschen und der Tiere. 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie, Berlin. TI - Zur Diagnose der Tularämie des Menschen und der Tiere. 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie, Berlin ID - 644 ER - TY - JOUR AU - David, H. PY - 1947 SP - 523-544 ST - Untersuchungen über die Tularämie in Österreich (1935-1945). Wien. Tie-rärztl. Mschr. T2 - Tierärztl. Mschr. TI - Untersuchungen über die Tularämie in Österreich (1935-1945). Wien VL - 10 ID - 645 ER - TY - JOUR AU - David, H. PY - 1947 SP - 10, 523-544. ST - Untersuchungen über die Tularämie in Österreich (1935-1945). Wien. Tie-rärztl. Mschr. TI - Untersuchungen über die Tularämie in Österreich (1935-1945). Wien. Tie-rärztl. Mschr ID - 646 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Davidson, Eric A AU - Janssens, Ivan A LB - davidson:06a PY - 2006 SP - 165-173 ST - Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change T2 - Nature TI - Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change VL - i440 ID - 647 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Davidson, Eric A AU - Richardson, A D AU - Savage, KE AU - Hollinger, DY LB - davidson:06c PY - 2006 SP - 230-239 ST - A distinct seasonal pattern of the ratio of soil respiration to total ecosystem respiration in a spruce-dominated forest T2 - Global Change Biology TI - A distinct seasonal pattern of the ratio of soil respiration to total ecosystem respiration in a spruce-dominated forest VL - 12 ID - 648 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Direct shear box tests have revealed that the stiffness and strength of an ice-filled joint are a function of both normal stress and temperature. Comparison of these data with the results of similar experiments conducted on unfrozen joints indicates that at low temperatures and normal stresses the strength of an ice-filled joint can be significantly higher than that of an unfrozen joint. However, in the absence of sufficient closure pressure, the strength of an ice-filled joint can be significantly less than that of an unfrozen joint. This implies that if the stability of a slope is maintained by ice-filled joints, its factor of safety will reduce with temperature rise. This hypothesis suggests that a jointed rock slope that is stable when there is no ice in the joints and is also stable when ice in the joints is at low temperatures will become unstable as the ice warms. Results from the model tests have confirmed this hypothesis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. RÉSUMÉ Des tests de cisaillement directs ont révélés que la rigidité et la résistance d'un joint rempli de glace est fonction à la fois de la contrainte normale et de la température (Davies et al., 2000). La comparaison de ces données avec les résultats d'expériences semblables conduites sur des joints non gelés indique qu'à basse température et pour des contraintes normales identiques, la résistance d'un joint rempli de glace peut être plus élevée d'une manière significative que celle d'un joint non gelé. Toutefois, en l'absence d'une pression de fermeture suffisante, la résistance d'un tel joint rempli de glace peut être significativement moindre que celle d'une fissure non gelée. Ceci implique que si la stabilité de la pente est maintenue par des joints remplis de glace, son facteur de sécurité sera réduit avec l'augmentation de la température. Cette hypothèse suggère qu'une pente de roches fissurées qui est stable quand il n'y a pas de glace dans les joints et est aussi stable quand la glace dans les joints est à basse température, deviendra instable quand la glace s'échauffe. Des résultats obtenus par des tests ont confirmé ce résultat. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AU - Davies, Michael C. R. AU - Hamza, Omar AU - Harris, Charles DO - 10.1002/ppp.378 IS - 1 KW - Ice frozen rock slopes laboratory experiments permafrost slope stability PY - 2001 SN - 1099-1530 SP - 137-144 ST - The effect of rise in mean annual temperature on the stability of rock slopes containing ice-filled discontinuities T2 - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes TI - The effect of rise in mean annual temperature on the stability of rock slopes containing ice-filled discontinuities UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.378 VL - 12 ID - 649 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Davies, N.E. PY - 1968 SP - 305-317 ST - An optimum summer weather index T2 - Weather TI - An optimum summer weather index VL - 23 ID - 650 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Society, American Meteorological AU - Davis, R.E. AU - Knappenberger, P.C. AU - Michaels, P.J. AU - Novicoff, W.M. CY - San Antonio, Texas, USA PY - 2007 SP - 2.4 ST - A mortality-based heat wave climatology for U.S. cities T2 - 16th Conference on Applied Climatology TI - A mortality-based heat wave climatology for U.S. cities ID - 651 ER - TY - JOUR AU - de Bruin, K. AU - Dellink, R. AU - Ruijs, A. AU - Bolwidt, L. AU - van Buuren, A. AU - Graveland, J. AU - de Groot, R. AU - Kuikman, P. AU - Reinhard, S. AU - Roetter, R. AU - Tassone, V. AU - Verhagen, A. AU - van Ierland, E. IS - 1 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0165-0009 PY - 2009 SP - 23 ST - Adapting to climate change in The Netherlands: an inventory of climate adaptation options and ranking of alternatives T2 - Climatic Change TI - Adapting to climate change in The Netherlands: an inventory of climate adaptation options and ranking of alternatives UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9576-4 VL - 95 ID - 652 ER - TY - CPAPER A2 - R.J. de Dear, J.D. Kalma, T.R. Oke and A. Auliciems AU - De Dear, R., Pickup, J. CY - Sydney PB - WCASP-50, WMO/TD PY - 1999 SP - 285-290 T2 - Conference ICB-ICUC’99 Biometeorology and Urban Climatology at the Turn of the Millenium TI - An outdoor thermal comfort index (OUT_SET*) – Part II – Applications VL - 1026 ID - 653 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The study examines methods for assessing the atmospheric resource component of recreation environments. Beach use is selected as it is a highly weather sensitive recreational activity. The study area is King's Beach in Queensland, Australia. The nature of the relationship between beach climate and the enjoyment of recreational pursuits is taken to be a function of thermal, physical, and aesthetic components of the atmospheric environment. A body-atmosphere heat-budget model is used to integrate and isolate the thermal component of beach weather and enable identification of important non-thermal recreational resource attributes of the atmosphere. Beach-user sensory perception of on-site atmospheric conditions expressed verbally is used to assess the physical and aesthetic components of the atmospheric environment. The immediate thermal environment of the beach user is the main contributing factor to assessments of the desirability of on-site meteorological conditions, followed by the non-thermal effects of cloud and wind. Rainfall events of half-hour duration or longer have an overriding effect. AU - de Freitas, C. R. DO - 10.1002/joc.3370100110 IS - 1 KW - Recreation climate Human thermal climate Human response to climate Beach climate PY - 1990 SN - 1097-0088 SP - 89-103 ST - Recreation climate assessment T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Recreation climate assessment UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370100110 VL - 10 ID - 654 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This work grew from initiatives of the International Society of Biometeorology's Commission on Climate, Tourism and Recreation (ISBCCTR). The ISBCCTR was formed during the 15th Congress of the ISB held in November 1999 in Sydney, Australia. The aim of ISBCCTR is to promote research in tourism climatology. The first formal meeting of the Commission took place at the Meliton Resort, Halkidiki, Greece, 5–10 October 2001. The aims were to (1) bring together a selection of scientists and tourism experts to review the current state of knowledge of tourism climatology and (2) explore areas and priorities for future work and the role of the Commission in this. The Workshop highlighted the fact that, although climate is widely recognised as vitally important to tourism, relatively little is known about its effects. Even less is known about the economic impact or significance of climate on commercial prospects for tourism. Important research themes that warrant attention were identified. Among these was the need for a tourism climate index (or indices) that integrates all facets of climate, uses standard data and is objectively tested and verified. Work is also required on developing a better understanding of what climate-related information is required by both tourists and the tourism industry, exploring the distinction between the impact of climate on tourists and the impact on the tourism industry, setting a standard approach to tourism climate assessment, assessing the role of weather forecasts and long-term expectations of climate on choices made by tourists, the risks to tourism caused by extreme atmospheric events, what climate-related criteria people use to make decisions about tourism and recreational choices, how products giving information about weather and climate are currently used by the recreation and tourism industry and what are the existing and future requirements for this climate information. AU - de Freitas, C. R. DO - 10.1007/s00484-003-0177-z IS - 1 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 2003 SN - 0020-7128 SP - 45-54 ST - Tourism climatology: evaluating environmental information for decision making and business planning in the recreation and tourism sector T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Tourism climatology: evaluating environmental information for decision making and business planning in the recreation and tourism sector UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-003-0177-z VL - 48 ID - 655 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Matzarakis, A. A2 - de Freitas, C. R. (eds) AB - It is generally accepted that climate is an important part of the region’s tourism resource base, but its role in determining the suitability of a region for tourism is often assumed to be self evident and therefore to require no elaboration. Relatively little is known, other than in very general terms, about the effects of climate on tourism or the role it plays. And even less is known about the economic impact or significance of climate on commercial prospects for tourism. The whole area involving which climate related-criteria people use to make decisions about tourism and recreation choices is largely unresearched, but highly relevant to a variety of applications. Thus far, much of the research specifically on climate reported in the journal literature has been superficial in that relationships between climate and tourism are assumed rather than observed and seldom objectively tested. Moreover, the research is largely devoid of any clearly structured conceptual framework or frameworks that embrace important theory, paradigms, processes and interactions. These theoretical frameworks are important because they provide a basis for data generation, hypothesis testing and further theory generation. Without this, it is difficult to develop a coherent set of research methods; and perhaps more importantly, develop models that constitute a bridge between the observational and theoretical levels that can assist is building a coherent knowledge base for understanding, explanation and prediction. This paper reviews the work so far on climate and tourism with a view to identifying what concepts and theoretical frameworks may already exist and looks to ways these may be drawn together in future research. AU - De Freitas, C.R. PY - 2001 SP - 3-20 ST - Theory, concepts and methods in climate tourism research T2 - Proceedings of the first international workshop on climate, tourism and recreation. International Society of Biometeorology, Commission on Climate Tourism and Recreation TI - Theory, concepts and methods in climate tourism research ID - 656 ER - TY - BOOK AU - de Lattin, G. 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CY - Santiago, Chile PB - United Nations PY - 2004 ST - A methodological approach to gender analysis in natural disaster assessment: a guide for the Caribbean T3 - CEPAL Serie Manuales TI - A methodological approach to gender analysis in natural disaster assessment: a guide for the Caribbean UR - http://www.cepal.org/publicaciones/xml/4/19574/lcl2123i.pdf VL - 31 Y2 - 10.2.2013 ID - 3623 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dedie, K., Bockemühl, J., Kühn, H., Volkmer, K. J., Weinke, T. PY - 1993 ST - Bakterielle Zoonosen bei Tier und Mensch. Enke, Stuttgart. TI - Bakterielle Zoonosen bei Tier und Mensch. Enke, Stuttgart ID - 659 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dedie, K. AU - Bockemühl, J. AU - Kühn, H. AU - Volkmer, K. J. AU - Weinke, T. PY - 1993 ST - Bakterielle Zoonosen bei Tier und Mensch. Enke, Stuttgart. TI - Bakterielle Zoonosen bei Tier und Mensch. Enke, Stuttgart ID - 660 ER - TY - JOUR AB - ERA-Interim is the latest global atmospheric reanalysis produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The ERA-Interim project was conducted in part to prepare for a new atmospheric reanalysis to replace ERA-40, which will extend back to the early part of the twentieth century. This article describes the forecast model, data assimilation method, and input datasets used to produce ERA-Interim, and discusses the performance of the system. Special emphasis is placed on various difficulties encountered in the production of ERA-40, including the representation of the hydrological cycle, the quality of the stratospheric circulation, and the consistency in time of the reanalysed fields. We provide evidence for substantial improvements in each of these aspects. We also identify areas where further work is needed and describe opportunities and objectives for future reanalysis projects at ECMWF. © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society. AD - European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, Darmstadt, Germany Department of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, Austria School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, United Kingdom Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul, South Korea Dee, D.P. ECMWF, Shinfield Park, Reading RG2 9AX, United Kingdom email: dick.dee@ecmwf.int AU - Dee, D. P. AU - Uppala, S. M. AU - Simmons, A. J. AU - Berrisford, P. AU - Poli, P. AU - Kobayashi, S. AU - Andrae, U. AU - Balmaseda, M. A. AU - Balsamo, G. AU - Bauer, P. AU - Bechtold, P. AU - Beljaars, A. C. M. AU - van de Berg, L. AU - Bidlot, J. AU - Bormann, N. AU - Delsol, C. AU - Dragani, R. AU - Fuentes, M. AU - Geer, A. J. AU - Haimberger, L. AU - Healy, S. B. AU - Hersbach, H. AU - Hólm, E. V. AU - Isaksen, L. AU - Kållberg, P. AU - Köhler, M. AU - Matricardi, M. AU - McNally, A. P. AU - Monge-Sanz, B. M. AU - Morcrette, J. J. AU - Park, B. K. AU - Peubey, C. AU - de Rosnay, P. AU - Tavolato, C. AU - Thépaut, J. N. AU - Vitart, F. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1002/qj.828 IS - 656 J2 - Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 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Soc., 91, pp. S19-S52. , eds.); Wonnacott, T.H., Wonnacott, R., (1997) Introductory Statistics, , John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK PY - 2011 SN - 00359009 SP - 553-597 ST - The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system T2 - Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society TI - The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79955446270&partnerID=40&md5=fe2c24832cd3dad0a2cb35571fcc2af4 VL - 137 ID - 3501 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DEFAGO, G. PY - 1937 SP - 94-136 ST - Observations sur les punaises des céréales en Suisse. T2 - Extrait du « Bull. Murithienne », Soc. valais. sci. natur. TI - Observations sur les punaises des céréales en Suisse VL - 54 ID - 661 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Defila, C. AU - Clot, B. LB - defi01 PY - 2001 SP - 203-207 ST - Phytophenological trends in Switzerland T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Phytophenological trends in Switzerland VL - 45 ID - 662 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Acute lymphocytic meningitis, seen in France in summer, is often due to enteroviruses. Arboviruses as West Nile and tick-borne encephalitis do exist in Europe, but other viruses are rarely considered in patients unless they have had recent tropical travel. Toscana virus infection, which is endemic, especially in Italy,1-3 has been documented in some European travelers returning from Italy,4-6 but surprisingly was not documented in France until recently.7 We report a case of meningitis caused by Toscana virus imported to France. AU - Defuentes, G. AU - Rapp, C. AU - Imbert, P. AU - Durand, J.P. AU - Debord, T. IS - 5 PY - 2005 SP - 295-296 ST - Acute meningitis owing to phlebotomus fever Toscana virus imported to France T2 - J Travel Med TI - Acute meningitis owing to phlebotomus fever Toscana virus imported to France VL - 12 ID - 663 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Degirmenci, H. CY - Hamburg PB - Diplomica Verlag PY - 2010 ST - Städtetourismus für die Zielgruppe „Best Ager“ am Beispiel einer Potenzialanalyse für die Hansestadt Bremen TI - Städtetourismus für die Zielgruppe „Best Ager“ am Beispiel einer Potenzialanalyse für die Hansestadt Bremen ID - 664 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dehn, Martin DA - October LB - dehn1999 N1 - monatliche Temperaturen und Niederschlag für Cortina; ECHAM4 und HadCM2; unterschiedliche "fitting periods" (22-61 -> 62-91 und 46-75 -> 22-44,76-94) zeigen weniger Auswirkungen als unterschiedliche GCMs; lokaler Niederschlag mittels Analogmethode erstellt (täglicher SLP:20-70N/70W-20E; 5EOF) r=0.02(JJA)-0.52(DJF); lokaler Temperatur mittels GCM Gitterwert; ***wirklich einfach eine GCM Gitterpunktsreihe fuer die monatliche cortina temp.reihe? >wird noch mit dem CR korregiert - werd aber nicht ganz schlau wie sie das gemacht haben >> zu deiner zusatzfrage: >> es wird wohl der taegliche niederschlag rekonstruiert auf basis von >>taeglichen analogen >> slp-felder. nur die korrelationskoeffizienten werden dann saisional >>bestimmt. es werden nicht nur die niederschlagssummen fuer jede saison >>verglichen sondern auch die tage mit weniger als 0.2 mm und solche >>faktoren wie "low frequency variability" high. >>." und q0.9 (was immer das auch sein mag), zur bestimmung dieser >>benoetigt man jedoch tagswerte. es zeigt sich eine Temperaturerhöhung von bis zu 3 grad C zum Ende des Jahrhunderts, die Niederschlagsänderung ist abhängig vom verwendeten GCM und liegt zwischen -/+ 30% Vergleichsraum 1960-1989 (bzw.50-79) mit 2070-2099 PY - 1999 SP - 103 -- 113 ST - Application of an analog downscaling technique to the assessment of future landslide activity - a case study in the Italian Alps T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Application of an analog downscaling technique to the assessment of future landslide activity - a case study in the Italian Alps VL - 13 ID - 665 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Deichsel, G. AU - Trampisch, H. J. CY - Stuttgart KW - Cluster_analysis LB - deichsel1985 PB - Gustav Fischer Verlag PY - 1985 SP - 135 pp. ST - Clusteranalyse und Diskriminanzanalyse TI - Clusteranalyse und Diskriminanzanalyse ID - 666 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Del Bene G, Gargani E. PY - 1989 SP - 403-420 ST - Contributo alla conoscenza di Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Redia 72(2), 403-420. T2 - Redia TI - Contributo alla conoscenza di Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) VL - 72(2) ID - 667 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DEL BENE G., GARGANI E PY - 1989 ST - Contributo alla conoscenza di Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Redia 72(2), 403-420. TI - Contributo alla conoscenza di Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Redia 72(2), 403-420 ID - 668 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: Leishmania infantum recently has been identified as a possible agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). This species has been isolated from cutaneous lesions of patients from the Mediterranean Basin. However, little is known about the clinical, biological, or therapeutic features of this newly recognized CL. OBSERVATIONS: Six patients aged 9 months to 85 years in southeastern France were found to have autochthonous leishmaniasis. Parasitological identification showed that the agent was L infantum, zymodemes Montpellier-1 for 2 patients and Montpellier-24 for 1 patient. Five patients who underwent testing with a Western blot assay were found to have antibodies against 4 antigens with molecular masses of 18, 21, 23, and 31 kd. Five patients were successfully treated with local injections of N-methylglucamine, and 1 patient was successfully treated with topical paromomycin sulfate. No patient had visceral disease at diagnosis or after follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Recent data provide increasing evidence that L infantum is an important agent of CL. In southwestern Europe, this species is the only agent that has long been identified from autochthonous CL. Leishmania infantum should be considered an agent of CL in areas in which visceral leishmaniasis is endemic. Western blot assay could be a useful test for the diagnosis, but precise parasitological identification is important to having a better knowledge of the disease. The relationships between CL and the visceral disease have to be explored. AU - del Giudice, P. AU - Marty, P. AU - Lacour, J.P. AU - Perrin, C. AU - Pratlong, F. AU - Haas, H. AU - Dellamonica, P. AU - Le Fichoux, Y. IS - 2 PY - 1998 SP - 193-198 ST - Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum. Case reports and literature review. T2 - Archives of Dermatology TI - Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum. Case reports and literature review. VL - 134 ID - 669 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Delisle, F. C. Lavoie M. J. AU - Lachance, D. PY - 2003 SP - 1033-1042 ST - Reconstructing the spread of invasive plants: Taking into account biases associated with herbarium specimens. Journal of Biogeography, 30,1033-1042. T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - Reconstructing the spread of invasive plants: Taking into account biases associated with herbarium specimens VL - 30 ID - 670 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Delisle, F.C., Lavoie, M.J. AU - Lachance, D. PY - 2003 ST - Reconstructing the spread of invasive plants: Taking into account biases associated with herbarium specimens. Journal of Biogeography, 30,1033-1042. TI - Reconstructing the spread of invasive plants: Taking into account biases associated with herbarium specimens. Journal of Biogeography, 30,1033-1042 ID - 671 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Delworth, T. L. AU - Stouffer, R. J. AU - Dixon, K. W. AU - Spelman, M. J. AU - Knutson, T. R. AU - Broccoli, A. J. AU - Kushner, P. J. AU - Wetherald, R. T. LB - delworth2002 PY - 2002 SP - 555--574 ST - Review of simulations of climate variability and change with the GFDL R30 coupled climate model T2 - Climate Dyn. TI - Review of simulations of climate variability and change with the GFDL R30 coupled climate model VL - 19 ID - 672 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A comparative molecular study was performed on the three species of Phlebotomine sandflies belonging to the subgenus Transphlebotomus Artemiev whose morphological differentiation is difficult. All three species have been suspected, but never proven, to be vectors of Leishmania infantum. The ND4 gene from mtDNA was sequenced from specimens of five populations of Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi from Belgium (the first records of Phlebotomine sandflies from this country), France, and Germany. Additionally, specimens from one population of Lebanese P. canaaniticus Adler and Theodor and of one population of Cypriot P. economidesi Leger, Depaquit and Ferte topotypes were examined. The results reveal the validity of the three taxa inferred from molecular variation and a molecular homogeneity shared by all of the populations of P. mascittii included into the present study. The epidemiological consequences are discussed. AU - Depaquit, J. AU - Naucke, T.J. AU - Schmitt, C. AU - Ferté, H. AU - Léger, N. IS - 2 PY - 2005 SP - 113-116 ST - A molecular analysis of the subgenus Transphlebotomus Artemiev, 1984 (Phlebotomus, Diptera, Psychodidae) inferred from ND4 mtDNA with new northern records of Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi, 1908. T2 - Parasitologa Research TI - A molecular analysis of the subgenus Transphlebotomus Artemiev, 1984 (Phlebotomus, Diptera, Psychodidae) inferred from ND4 mtDNA with new northern records of Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi, 1908. VL - 95 ID - 673 ER - TY - WEB AU - Health, Department of M1 - 8.6.2011 PY - 2010 ST - Heatwave plan for England. Protecting health and reducing harm from extreme heat and heatwaves TI - Heatwave plan for England. Protecting health and reducing harm from extreme heat and heatwaves UR - http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/ PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_114430 ID - 674 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Déqué, M. AU - Dreveton, C. AU - Braun, A. AU - Cariolle, D. IS - 4-5 PY - 1995 SP - 249-266 ST - The ARPEGE/IFS atmosphere model: a contribution to the French community climate modelling T2 - Climate Dynamics TI - The ARPEGE/IFS atmosphere model: a contribution to the French community climate modelling VL - 10 ID - 3575 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Déqué, M. AU - Piedelievre, JP. PY - 1995 SP - 321-339 ST - High- Resolution climate simulation over Europe T2 - Clim. Dyn. TI - High- Resolution climate simulation over Europe VL - 11 ID - 3576 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Déqué, Michel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.11.030 IS - 1–2 KW - numerical simulation regional climate scenario extreme values PY - 2007 SN - 0921-8181 SP - 16-26 ST - Frequency of precipitation and temperature extremes over France in an anthropogenic scenario: Model results and statistical correction according to observed values T2 - Global and Planetary Change TI - Frequency of precipitation and temperature extremes over France in an anthropogenic scenario: Model results and statistical correction according to observed values UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818106002748 VL - 57 ID - 3574 ER - TY - DBASE AU - Dersch G AU - Duboc, O. CY - http://www.ages.at/ages/landwirtschaftliche-sachgebiete/boden/aktuelles/entwicklung- der-humusversorgung-der-ackerboeden/ PY - 2011 TI - Entwicklung der Humusversorgung der Ackerböden. ID - 3340 ER - TY - THES A3 - Katzensteiner, K. AU - Dervishi, V. AU - Eberhard, B. AU - Pfeifer, U. AU - Unterkofler, M. CY - Wien PB - Boku PY - 2011 ST - Wurzelsystem der Lärche auf Pseudogley T2 - Inst. f. Waldökologie TI - Wurzelsystem der Lärche auf Pseudogley VL - Bakk. ID - 675 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Deschka, G. LB - desc95 PY - 1995 SP - 77-128 ST - Schmetterlinge als Einwanderer T2 - Stapfia TI - Schmetterlinge als Einwanderer VL - 37 ID - 676 ER - TY - JOUR AB - As the AIDS pandemic spreads to rural areas and human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) becomes more common in suburban areas, there is an ever greater degree of overlap between the geographical distributions of the two diseases and, in consequence, an increasing incidence of Leishmania/HIV co-infection. Cases of the co-infection have been reported from 35 countries around the world but most have been recorded in south–western Europe. There has been a total of 1911 cases detected in Spain, France, Italy and Portugal. The incidence of Leishmania/ HIV co-infection is expected to continue increasing in eastern Africa but to fall in south–western Europe as increasing numbers of HIV-positives in the latter region are given the new, highly active, antiretroviral therapy (HAART). In 1998, a world-wide network of surveillance for the co-infection, which now includes 28 member institutions, was established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). In south–western Europe, the surveillance system is based on 16 institutions and is already well established. The systematic use of standardized and recently computerized case-report forms, a central international registry at the WHO’s headquarters in Geneva, and the use of a geographical information system (GIS) for mapping and monitoring the co-infections have together improved the overall quality of the epidemiological data-gathering. All member institutions of the global network report to the WHO on an annual basis. The data collected are then analysed and periodically disseminated through international publications. The GIS allows the relevant epidemiological and demographic data-sets to be integrated and permits all detected cases of co-infection to be mapped down to locality level. The system also allows the spatial distribution of cases to be visualised and analysed and the geographical spread of the co-infection to be monitored over time. The risk posed by co-infected patients, as a source of Leishmania infection for the sand ies feeding on them, has recently been conŽ rmed. The parasites and HIV may also be transmitted as the result of needle-sharing among intravenous-drug users. AU - DESJEUX, P. AU - ALVAR, J. IS - 1 PY - 2003 SP - 3-15 ST - Leishmania/HIV co-infections: epidemiology in Europe T2 - Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology TI - Leishmania/HIV co-infections: epidemiology in Europe VL - 97 ID - 677 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Adger W.N., Lorenzoni I., and O'Brien K.L. (eds) AU - S., Dessai AU - M., Hulme AU - R., Lempert AU - R., Pielke Jr CY - Cambridge PB - Cambridge Univ. Press PY - 2009 ST - Climate prediction: a limit to adaptation? T2 - Adapting to climate change. Thresholds, values, governance. TI - Climate prediction: a limit to adaptation? ID - 678 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study attempts to characterise the chemical weathering of basalts and to quantify the flux of carbon transferred from the atmosphere to the ocean during this major process at the surface of the Earth. To this aim, we have compiled different published chemical compositions of small rivers draining basalts. Basaltic river waters are characterised by relatively high Na-normalized molar ratios (Ca/Na: 0.2-3.9; HCO3/Na: 1-10; Mg/Na: 0.15-6) in comparison with those usually observed for river draining silicates. The data also show the climatic influence on basalt weathering and associated CO2 consumption. Runoff and temperature are the main parameters controlling the chemical weathering rate and derived CO2 consumption during basaltic weathering. From these relationships and digital maps, we are able to define the contribution of basalts to the global silicate flux. Taking account of this result, we estimate that the CO2 flux consumed by chemical weathering of basalts is about 4.08×1012 mol/year. The fluxes from the islands of Indonesia and regions of central America represent around 40% of this flux. The global flux of CO2 consumed by chemical weathering of basalts represents between 30% and 35% of the flux derived from continental silicate determined by Gaillardet et al. [Chem. Geol. 159 (1999) 3]. Finally, it appears that volcanic activity not only acts as a major atmospheric CO2 source, but also creates strong CO2 sinks that cannot be neglected to better understand the geochemical and climatic evolution of the Earth. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - LMTG OMP UMR5563 UPS-CNRS-IRD, 38 rue des 36 ponts, Toulouse 31400, France LGC IPGP, 4 place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05 75252, France LPAP, Université de Liège, 17 Allée du Six Août, Liège 4000, Belgium Dessert, C. LMTG OMP UMR5563 UPS-CNRS-IRD, 38 rue des 36 ponts, Toulouse 31400, France email: dessert@lmtg.ups-tlse.fr AU - Dessert, C. AU - Dupré, B. AU - Gaillardet, J. AU - François, L. M. AU - Allègre, C. J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2002.10.001 IS - 3-4 J2 - Chem. Geol. KW - Atmospheric CO2 consumption Basalt Chemical weathering Climate Rivers basalt carbon cycle carbon dioxide global perspective source-sink dynamics streamwater water chemistry weathering LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):239 References: Amiotte-Suchet, P., Probst, J.L., Modelling of atmospheric CO2 consumption by chemical weathering of rocks: Application to the Garonne, Congo and Amazon basins (1993) Chem. Geol., 107, pp. 205-210; Amiotte-Suchet, P., Probst, J.L., A global model for present-day atmospheric/soil CO2 consumption by chemical erosion of continental rocks (GEM-CO2) (1995) Tellus, 47 B, pp. 273-280; Amiotte-Suchet, P., Probst, J.L., Ludwig, W., Worldwide distribution of continental rock lithology: Implications for atmospheric/soil CO2 uptake by continental weathering and alkalinity river transport to the oceans (2003) Global Biogeochem. 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ST - Zoonosen bei heimischen Wildtieren – Wissensstand, Forschungsbedarf und Vorbeugemaßnahmen. DVG-Tagung der Fach-gruppe „Epidemiologie und Dokumentationモ, 6. – 8. September, Wien. TI - Zoonosen bei heimischen Wildtieren – Wissensstand, Forschungsbedarf und Vorbeugemaßnahmen. DVG-Tagung der Fach-gruppe „Epidemiologie und Dokumentationモ, 6. – 8. September, Wien ID - 695 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Deutz, A., Fuchs, K., Nowotny, N., Auer, H., Schuller, W., Stünzner, D., Aspöck, H., Kerbl, U., Köfer, J. PY - 2003 SP - Suppl 3, 61-67. ST - Seroepidemiologische Untersuchung von Jägern auf Zoonosen – Vergleich mit Untersuchungen bei Tierärzten, Landwirten und Schlachthofarbeitern. Wien. Klin. Wschr., Supplement 3-2003, Beilage zu Band 115, Suppl. TI - Seroepidemiologische Untersuchung von Jägern auf Zoonosen – Vergleich mit Untersuchungen bei Tierärzten, Landwirten und Schlachthofarbeitern. Wien. Klin. 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LB - dext95 N1 - http://www.environment.gov.au/live/end_vuln/animals/climate/climate_change/ccch5.htm PY - 1995 ST - The Impact of Global Warming on the Distribution of Threatened Vertebrates T2 - Envirionment Australia, Departement of Environment and heritage, Canberra, Australia TI - The Impact of Global Warming on the Distribution of Threatened Vertebrates ID - 703 ER - TY - GEN AU - Commission, DG Enterprise European PY - 2006 ST - Feasibility and preparatory study regarding a Multi-stakeholder European Targeted Action for Sustainable Tourism & Transport TI - Feasibility and preparatory study regarding a Multi-stakeholder European Targeted Action for Sustainable Tourism & Transport ID - 704 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dhen, M. AU - Bürger, G. AU - Buma, J. AU - Gasparetto, P. LB - dehn20000 PY - 2000 ST - Impact of climate change on slope stability using expanded downscaling T2 - Engineering Geology TI - Impact of climate change on slope stability using expanded downscaling VL - 55 ID - 705 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Díaz AU - Jordán AU - García AU - López AU - Alberdi AU - Hernández AU - Otero IS - 3 KW - Medicine N1 - 0340-0131 PY - 2002 SP - 163 ST - Heat waves in Madrid 1986-1997: effects on the health of the elderly T2 - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health TI - Heat waves in Madrid 1986-1997: effects on the health of the elderly UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-001-0290-4 VL - 75 ID - 706 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - KLIMZUG-NORD AU - dICKHAUT, W. AU - KRUSE, E. M1 - KLIMZUG-NORD Teilprojekt 2.4. Innovation im Bauen zur Klimaanpassung. Zwischenstand Mai 2011 PY - 2011 ST - dezentrale Regenwasserbewirtschaftung auf dem Grundstück TI - dezentrale Regenwasserbewirtschaftung auf dem Grundstück UR - http://klimzug-nord.de/index.php/page/2009-04-06-Teilprojekt-T2.4 (14.02.2013) ID - 707 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DICKSON, R. C., LAIRD, E. F. Jr. PY - 1967 SP - 1088-1091 ST - Fall dispersal of green peach aphids to desert valleys T2 - Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. TI - Fall dispersal of green peach aphids to desert valleys VL - 60 ID - 708 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In some French mountain areas, the land-use changes which started around 1850 have resulted in a complete abandonment of any agro-pastoral activity by 1950. Thus, the landscape underwent important modifications of structure and functioning. Tree invasion did not take place homogeneously in space or time. Using aerial photographs I mapped the recolonization areas at timberline and analyzed the spatial pattern and age structure of sample plots established in stands in the recolonization zones above 2000 m a.s.l. I identified four main establishment periods, with the most important forest edge dynamics happening during the most recent periods: (1) immediately after abandonment of the pastures 50 years ago, European larch (Larix decidua Miller) formed very dense colonization patches close to the ancient chalets. The invasion was limited to narrow fringes related to colluvial soil conditions alongside the forest edges. Now Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) is regenerating in these young larch woods. (2) During the last two decades, stone pine has regenerated massively at tree line, forming dense seedling patches, mostly on convex relief forms. The spatial restriction of the young forests, be it stone pine or larch stands, enhances the importance of relief and soil conditions for vegetation dynamics at timberline. The landscape structure and the land-use history are determinant for the assessment of forest edge dynamics and consequently for the study and prediction of timberline fluctuations. AU - Didier, Lydie IS - 1-2 KW - Age structure Forest dynamics Landscape Land-use change Timberline N1 - doi: DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00575-2 PY - 2001 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 67-77 ST - Invasion patterns of European larch and Swiss stone pine in subalpine pastures in the French Alps T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Invasion patterns of European larch and Swiss stone pine in subalpine pastures in the French Alps UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T6X-42R0RWJ-7/2/46f085e61af0fbbdb3e8081a37de4142 VL - 145 ID - 709 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Species indicator values, especially those defined by Ellenberg, have been used widely in applied plant ecology, forestry and agriculture. In spite of being criticised by many, there is a growing interest in using them also outside central Europe in order to analyse trends of change in the vegetation and their underlying environmental variables. Various aspects of indicator values are reviewed: their main features, the most important applications (notably the use of weighted site averages), problems and pitfalls of indicator analyses, the relationship between weighted site averages and measurements as well as their extension to other regions. Some aspects are illustrated using data sets of forest plots from S Sweden. Provided that the limitations of indicator values are recognised, these have a high reliability and can complement or, in some cases, replace measurements to determine the values of environmental variables and to monitor their change. AD - Dept. of Ecol. and Evol. Biology, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany Dept. of Ecol. and Evol. Biology, Bremen University, FB 2, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany Diekmann, M. Dept. of Ecol. and Evol. Biology, Bremen University, FB 2, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany email: mdiekman@uni-bremen.de AU - Diekmann, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1078/1439-1791-00185 IS - 6 J2 - Basic Appl. Ecol. 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AU - Speizer, Frank E. DO - doi:10.1056/NEJM199312093292401 IS - 24 PY - 1993 SP - 1753-1759 ST - An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities T2 - New England Journal of Medicine TI - An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities UR - http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199312093292401 VL - 329 ID - 723 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dokulil, M. T. AU - Teubner, K. LB - doku03 PY - 2003 SP - 176-180 ST - Klimaeinflüsse auf Seen in Europa (CLIME) T2 - Österreichs Fischerei, Jg. TI - Klimaeinflüsse auf Seen in Europa (CLIME) VL - 56 ID - 724 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The widely used generalized additive models (GAM) method is a flexible and effective technique for conducting nonlinear regression analysis in time-series studies of the health effects of air pollution. When the data to which the GAM are being applied have two characteristics—1) the estimated regression coefficients are small and 2) there exist confounding factors that are modeled using at least two nonparametric smooth functions—the default settings in the gam function of the S-Plus software package (version 3.4) do not assure convergence of its iterative estimation procedure and can provide biased estimates of regression coefficients and standard errors. This phenomenon has occurred in time-series analyses of contemporary data on air pollution and mortality. To evaluate the impact of default implementation of the gam software on published analyses, the authors reanalyzed data from the National Morbidity, Mortality, and Air Pollution Study (NMMAPS) using three different methods: 1) Poisson regression with parametric nonlinear adjustments for confounding factors; 2) GAM with default convergence parameters; and 3) GAM with more stringent convergence parameters than the default settings. The authors found that pooled NMMAPS estimates were very similar under the first and third methods but were biased upward under the second method. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:193–203. AU - Dominici, Francesca AU - McDermott, Aidan AU - Zeger, Scott L. AU - Samet, Jonathan M. DA - August 1, 2002 DO - 10.1093/aje/kwf062 IS - 3 PY - 2002 SP - 193-203 ST - On the Use of Generalized Additive Models in Time-Series Studies of Air Pollution and Health T2 - American Journal of Epidemiology TI - On the Use of Generalized Additive Models in Time-Series Studies of Air Pollution and Health UR - http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/156/3/193.abstract VL - 156 ID - 725 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Windthrows are among the most important disturbances of forest ecosystems in Europe, with expected increasing frequency due to climate change. However, surprisingly little is known about soil carbon dynamics after windthrow mainly due to missing field assessments. After a large windthrow event in the High Tatra Mountains in 2004 three soil monitoring plots were established, one at a non-harvested windthrow left for natural succession, one at a harvested windthrow and one at a reference forest site which remained unaffected by the storm event. No loss in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks was detected at the two windthrow sites with three inventories over the 3.5years after the storm event. However, shifts within the organic layers and the mineral soil toward more decomposed organic matter were found. Increasing C/N ratios at the harvested windthrow site indicate that newly established herbaceous vegetation compensated the decline in tree litter input. At the non-harvested windthrow site a flush of needle litter from broken trees helped to sustain SOC stocks. In contrast, SOC stocks at the reference forest increased by 2.2Mgha -1year -1 with major SOC stock accumulation in the forest floor. An assessment of the sample size required to detect future SOC changes revealed that at the windthrow sites a similar sample size is required as in the undisturbed reference forest. Small scale heterogeneity was at such a level that paired sampling did not significantly reduce the number of required samples. However, the separation of forest floor layers and mineral soil was a major obstacle for efficient forest soil carbon monitoring. The required number of soil samples could be decreased by 45% with a simultaneous sampling of forest floor and upper mineral soil, leading to more reliable SOC inventories. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. AD - Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Institute of Agricultural Climate Research, Braunschweig, Germany Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany Thuringian State Institute of Agriculture, Dornburg, Germany Earth Surface Science, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, Germany Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany Don, A. Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Institute of Agricultural Climate Research, Braunschweig, Germany email: axel.don@vti.bund.de AU - Don, A. AU - Bärwolff, M. AU - Kalbitz, K. AU - Andruschkewitsch, R. AU - Jungkunst, H. F. AU - Schulze, E. D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.04.010 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Disturbance Forest floor Minimum detectable difference Organic layer Soil organic carbon Windthrow Forest floors Organic layers Windthrows Carbon Climate change Harvesting Minerals Soils Storms Forestry assessment method climate change disturbance environmental monitoring forest ecosystem forest floor forest soil herb litter soil carbon soil organic matter succession Ecosystems Europe Forests Seasonal Variation Soil LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):4 CODEN: FECMD References: Brais, S., Camire, C., Pare, D., Impacts of whole-tree harvesting and winter windrowing on soil-pH and base status of clayey sites of Northwestern Quebec (1995) Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere, 25, pp. 997-1007; Covington, W.W., Changes in forest floor organic-matter and nutrient content following clear cutting in Northern Hardwoods (1981) Ecology, 62, pp. 41-48; Don, A., Kalbitz, K., Amounts and degradability of dissolved organic carbon from foliar litter at different decomposition stages (2005) Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 37, pp. 2171-2179; FAO/Unesco soil map of the world revised legend with corrections and updates (1988) Wold Soil Resources Report, , FAO. 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(Eds.), Studies on the Tatra National Park, Springer, Tatranska LomnicaLi, Z., Apps, M.J., Kurz, W.A., Banfield, E., Temporal changes of forest net primary production and net ecosystem production in west central Canada associated with natural and anthropogenic disturbances (2003) Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere, 33, pp. 2340-2351; Liechty, H.O., Jurgensen, M.F., Mroz, G.D., Gale, M.R., Pit and mound topography and its influence on storage of carbon, nitrogen, and organic matter within an old-growth forest (1997) Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere, 27, pp. 1992-1997; Lindroth, A., Lagergren, F., Grelle, A., Klemedtsson, L., Langvall, O., Weslien, P., Tuulik, J., Storms can cause Europe-wide reduction in forest carbon sink (2009) Global Change Biology, 15, pp. 346-355; Mattson, K.G., Swank, W.T., Soil and detrital carbon dynamics following forest cutting in the southern Appalachians (1989) Biology Fertility Soils, 7, pp. 247-253; Mayer, S., (2008) Auswirkungen eines Windwurfereignisses in der Hohen Tatra (Slowakei) auf Ionenfracht, Nährstoffauswaschung und -mineralisierung, p. 109. , Institut für Pflanzenernährung, Fachgebiet: Bodenchemie mit Düngung, Universität Hohenheim, Stattgart; McKnight, D.M., Boyer, E.W., Westerhoff, P.K., Doran, P.T., Kulbe, T., Andersen, D.T., Spectrofluorometric characterization of dissolved organic matter for indication of precursor organic material and aromaticity (2001) Limnology and Oceanography, 46, pp. 38-48; Mroz, G.D., Jurgensen, M.F., Frederick, D.J., Soil nutrient changes following whole tree harvesting on 3 Northern Hardwood sites (1985) Soil Science Society of America Journal, 49, pp. 1552-1557; Pang, X.Y., Bao, W.K., Wu, N., The effects of clear-felling subalpine coniferous forests on soil physical and chemical properties in the eastern Tibetan Plateau (2011) Soil Use and Management, 27, pp. 213-220; Rojan, E., Relief changes of the windthrow area in the Slovak High Tatra Mts (2011) Studies on the Tatra National Park, pp. 131-142. , Tanap, Tatranska Lomnica, P. 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P. AU - GREGORY, P. H. CY - London PB - His Majesty`s Stationery Office PY - 1948 ST - The Spread of Virus Diseases in the Potato Crop TI - The Spread of Virus Diseases in the Potato Crop ID - 726 ER - TY - CONF AU - Dornbusch, H.J. AU - Urban, C. AU - Kerbl, R. AU - Lackner, H. AU - Schwinger, W. AU - Zotter, H. AU - Sovinz, P. AU - Aspöck, H. CY - Innsbruck, Österreich PB - Medical University of Graz PY - 1999 ST - Viszerale Leishmaniose bei einem 10 Monate alten österreichischen Mädchen T2 - Kongreßband der 33. Tagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Parasitologie und Tropenmedizin 1999; -33. Jahrestagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie TI - Viszerale Leishmaniose bei einem 10 Monate alten österreichischen Mädchen ID - 727 ER - TY - GEN AU - Dorninger, M. AU - Freyer, B. CY - Wien PY - 2008 ST - Bio-Landwirtschaft und Klimaschutz in Österreich. Aktuelle Leistungen und zukünftige Potenziale der Ökologischen Landwirtschaft für den Klimaschutz in Österreich T2 - Studie im Auftrag von BIO AUSTRIA TI - Bio-Landwirtschaft und Klimaschutz in Österreich. Aktuelle Leistungen und zukünftige Potenziale der Ökologischen Landwirtschaft für den Klimaschutz in Österreich ID - 728 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Ecosystem management of protection forests aims at maintaining forests near a state during which effective protection is secured. As the evolution of a dynamic forest ecosystem cannot be stopped, silvicultural measures are required which aim at maintaining both the ecosystem integrity and the protective function of mountain forests. Ecosystem integrity is defined as the system's capacity to maintain structure and ecosystem functions using processes and elements characteristic for its ecoregion. Here, ecosystem functions also reflect the capability of the ecosystem to provide functions of value to humans. Ecosystem integrity of a protection forest implies that the stability (mainly the property resilience is addressed) of the forest is high, because that is required to provide a high level of protection in the long term. The main conditions promoting natural evolutionary processes and ecological stability in protection forests are: (1) a diverse composition of species; (2) sufficient natural regeneration; (3) an optimal forest structure. The first example in this chapter explains how these conditions might be achieved by silvicultural interventions in a forest that mainly protects against rockfall in the Austrian Alps. The second example deals with socio-economic aspects of ecosystem integrity of a forest that also protects against rockfall, but then in the French Alps. Both examples show that forest authorities are aware of techniques to improve the stand stability of protection forests, but the problem is that current forest management is often a kind of trial and error, because the exact consequences of interventions for forest ecosystem dynamics are not known. Therefore, it is proposed that forest ecosystem research should shift focus from protection forest dynamics to the geo-ecosystem functioning of protection forests, including the effects of natural and human disturbances. For this, the concept of panarchy may be a promising way forward. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Cemagref Grenoble, 2 Rue de la Papeterie, F-38402 Saint Martin d'Heres Cedex, France Inst. Biodiv. Ecosystem Dynam. - P., Universiteit Van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, Netherlands Stand Montafon - Forstfonds, Montafonerstraße 21, A-6780 Schruns, Austria Dorren, L.K.A. 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(Eds.), Academic Press, New York; Woodley, S., Kay, J.J., Francis, G., (1993) Ecological Integrity and the Management of Ecosystems, p. 212. , St. Lucine Press; Yaffee, S.L., Three faces of ecosystem management (1998) Conserv. Biol., 13 (4), pp. 713-725 PY - 2004 SN - 03781127 SP - 165-176 ST - Integrity, stability and management of protection forests in the European Alps T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Integrity, stability and management of protection forests in the European Alps UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2642520589&partnerID=40&md5=edd0d924d5c7a999da841519fdf61b02 VL - 195 ID - 729 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Site-specific information about the level of protection that mountain forests provide is often not available for large regions. Information regarding rockfalls is especially scarce. The most efficient way to obtain information about rockfall activity and the efficacy of protection forests at a regional scale is to use a simulation model. At present, it is still unknown which forest parameters could be incorporated best in such models. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test and evaluate a model for rockfall assessment at a regional scale in which simple forest stand parameters, such as the number of trees per hectare and the diameter at breast height, are incorporated. Therefore, a newly developed Geographical Information System (GIS)-based distributed model is compared with two existing rockfall models. The developed model is the only model that calculates the rockfall velocity on the basis of energy loss due to collisions with trees and on the soil surface. The two existing models calculate energy loss over the distance between two cell centres, while the newly developed model is able to calculate multiple bounces within a pixel. The patterns of rockfall runout zones produced by the three models are compared with patterns of rockfall deposits derived from geomorphological field maps. Furthermore, the rockfall velocities modelled by the three models are compared. It is found that the models produced rockfall runout zone maps with rather similar accuracies. However, the developed model performs best on forested hillslopes and it also produces velocities that match best with field estimates on both forested and nonforested hillslopes irrespective of the slope gradient. AU - Dorren, Luuk K. A. AU - Seijmonsbergen, Arie C. IS - 1-2 KW - Rockfall GIS Protection forest Simulation model Geomorphological mapping Mountainous catchment N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0169-555X(03)00045-X PY - 2003 SN - 0169-555X SP - 49-64 ST - Comparison of three GIS-based models for predicting rockfall runout zones at a regional scale T2 - Geomorphology TI - Comparison of three GIS-based models for predicting rockfall runout zones at a regional scale UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X0300045X VL - 56 ID - 730 ER - TY - BOOK AU - DOSSE, G. CY - Berlin, Hamburg ET - BLUNCK, H. PB - Verl. Paul Parey PY - 1954 ST - Curculionidae, Rüsselkäfer TI - Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten ID - 731 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Doswell Iii, C. A. AU - Caracena, F. LB - doswell1988 PY - 1988 SP - 242-253 ST - Derivative estimation from marginally sampled vector point functions T2 - Journal of Atmospheric Science TI - Derivative estimation from marginally sampled vector point functions VL - 45 ID - 732 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - Douglas, L. DA - 10.8.2011 ET - 5(10) PB - E&T – Engineering and Technology Magazine PY - 2010 ST - Air conditioning of London Underground – reality or dream? TI - Air conditioning of London Underground – reality or dream? UR - http://eandt.theiet.org/magazine/2010/10/cooling-the-tube.cfm ID - 733 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Downing, T. E. AU - Harrison, P. A. AU - Butterfield, R. E. AU - Lonsdale, K. G. LB - down00 N1 - (Editors) PY - 2000 SP - 445 ST - Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe - An Integrated Assessment T2 - Res. Report No. TI - Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe - An Integrated Assessment VL - 21 ID - 734 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Downing, T.E. AU - Harrison, P.A. AU - Butterfield, R.E. AU - , K.G. Lonsdale LB - down00 N1 - (Editors) PY - 2000 SP - 445 ST - Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe - An Integrated Assessment T2 - Res. Report No. TI - Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe - An Integrated Assessment VL - 21 ID - 735 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In face of the prognosticated climate change it can supposed that flora, fauna and ecosystems will change significantly. This aspect, however, has not yet been integrated into the concepts of biodiversity and nature conservation. So far it was the rather conserving objective of nature conservation to preserve biodiversity in its typical composition and distribution. Climate changes function synergistically with other anthropogenic influences, in particular in interaction with destruction and fragmentation habitats. Against this background biodiversity protection should mainly consider two things: the buffering of ecosystems should be extended as far as possible in order to strengthen their resilience. At the same time the migration and dispersal of species into suitable habitats has to be facilitated, hence requiring the extension of conserving area and species protection towards a dynamic integrative protection of biodiversity also outside protection areas (biodiversity mainstreaming). The integration of biodiversity protection into agriculture, forestry and water management is of particular importance. This approach is not new; it however gains particular importance against the background of climatic change. AD - Sachverständigenrat für Umweltfragen, Geschäftsstelle, Reichpietschufer 60, D-10785 Berlin, Germany AG Vegetationsökologie und Naturschutz, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany Doyle, U. Sachverständigenrat für Umweltfragen, Geschäftsstelle, Reichpietschufer 60, D-10785 Berlin, Germany email: ulrike.doyle@uba.de AU - Doyle, U. AU - Ristow, M. DB - Scopus IS - 4 J2 - Naturschutz Landsch.plan. KW - anthropogenic effect biodiversity climate change habitat fragmentation nature conservation species conservation LA - German N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 4 References: Araújo, M.B., Cabeza, M., Thuiller, W., Hannah, L., Williams, P.H., Would climate change drive species out of reserves? 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Kolloq., 15, pp. 59-69; Zebisch, M., Grothmann, T., Schröter, D., Hasse, C., Fritsch, U., Cramer, W., Klimawandel in Deutschland, Vulnerabilität und Anpassungsstrategien klimasensitiver Systeme (2005) Climate Change 08/05, , Umweltbundesamt, Berlin. www.umweltbundesamt.org/fpdf-1/2947.pdf PY - 2006 SN - 09406808 SP - 101-107 ST - Biodiversity protection and nature conservation against the background of climate changes - Pleading for dynamic integrative protection of biological diversity T2 - Biodiversitäts- und Naturschutz vor dem Hintergrund des Klimawandels: Für einen dynamischen integrativen Schutz der biologischen Vielfalt TI - Biodiversity protection and nature conservation against the background of climate changes - Pleading for dynamic integrative protection of biological diversity UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33645806548&partnerID=40&md5=8ed2016711e6843a8003e81ae6861cdf VL - 38 ID - 736 ER - TY - BOOK AU - DREES, BASTIAAN DA - 10.08.2001 N1 - (BART) PB - Extension Entomology, Texas A&M University UR - http://insects.tamu.edu/extension/youth/bug/bug063.html ID - 737 ER - TY - RPRT AU - DREXLER, W. AU - WALENTOWSKI, H. PY - 2011 ST - Auswirkungen von sommerlichen Klimaextremen auf nemorale Laubwälder – Baumarten, Waldlebensgemeinschaften und Ökostem T2 - unpubl. Research application TI - Auswirkungen von sommerlichen Klimaextremen auf nemorale Laubwälder – Baumarten, Waldlebensgemeinschaften und Ökostem ID - 738 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Licka, L. & Schwab, E. (Hrsg.) AU - S., Drlik AU - A., Muhar CY - Vienna, Austria PY - 2009 SP - 74-77 ST - Climate Change asks for Sustainable Adaptation of Parks: A Challenge for Maintenance and Design T2 - Landscape – Great Idea! X-LArch III. T3 - Institute of Landscape Architecture, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna TI - Climate Change asks for Sustainable Adaptation of Parks: A Challenge for Maintenance and Design ID - 739 ER - TY - THES AU - Drlik, S. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien PY - 2010 RN - Dissertation, erstellt im Rahmen des Doktoratskollegs Nachhaltige Entwicklung (dokNE) ST - Klimawandelanpassung der Pflege und Erhaltung öffentlicher Grünanlagen in Großstädten unter  Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der Nachhaltigen Entwicklung, untersucht am Fallbeispiel Wien TI - Klimawandelanpassung der Pflege und Erhaltung öffentlicher Grünanlagen in Großstädten unter  Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der Nachhaltigen Entwicklung, untersucht am Fallbeispiel Wien VL - Dr. ID - 740 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - M., Braum A2 - T., Schröder AU - Drlik, S. & Licka CY - Basel PB - Birkhäuser PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-0346-0363-8 SP - 44-49 ST - Städte im Klimawandel - Strategien für eine nachhaltige Parkentwicklung. T2 - Bericht der Bundesstiftung Baukultur 2010. Freiraum. Wie findet Freiraum Stadt? Fakten, Positionen, Beispiele TI - Städte im Klimawandel - Strategien für eine nachhaltige Parkentwicklung. ID - 741 ER - TY - THES AU - DRLIK, Stephanie CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2010 ST - Klimawandelanpassung der Pflege und Erhaltung öffentlicher Grünanlagen in Großstädten unter Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der nachhaltigen Entwicklung, untersucht am Fallbeispiel Wien T2 - h814 Meteorologie TI - Klimawandelanpassung der Pflege und Erhaltung öffentlicher Grünanlagen in Großstädten unter Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der nachhaltigen Entwicklung, untersucht am Fallbeispiel Wien VL - Diss. ID - 742 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Goodchild, M.F. A2 - Steyaert, L.T. A2 - Parks, B.O. AU - Dubayah, T. AU - Rich, P.M. CY - New York PB - John Wiley & Sons PY - 1996 SP - 129-134 ST - GIS-based solar radiation modeling. – In: Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T. und Parks, B.O. (Hrsg.) GIS and Environmental Modeling. John Wiley & Sons, New York. T2 - GIS and Environmental Modeling TI - GIS-based solar radiation modeling ID - 743 ER - TY - BOOK AU - DUBNIK, H. CY - Gelsenkirchen-Buer PB - Verl. Th. Mann PY - 1991 ST - Blattläuse. Artenbestimmung - Biologie - Bekämpfung TI - Blattläuse. Artenbestimmung - Biologie - Bekämpfung ID - 744 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DUBROVSKY, M. PY - 1996 SE - 129 SP - 10 ST - Validation of the stochastic weather generator Met&Roll. T2 - Meteorologicke Zpravy TI - Validation of the stochastic weather generator Met&Roll. VL - 49 ID - 745 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DUBROVSKY, M. AU - NEMESOVA, I AU - KALVOVA, J. PY - 2005 SE - 139 SP - 17 ST - Uncertainties in climate change scenarios for the Czech Republic. T2 - Climate Research 29. TI - Uncertainties in climate change scenarios for the Czech Republic. VL - 29 ID - 746 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Duchaufour, P CY - Sydney, Australia LB - duchaufour:82 PB - Allen & Unwin PY - 1982 ST - Pedology - pedogenesis and classification TI - Pedology - pedogenesis and classification ID - 747 ER - TY - JOUR AB - 1. This paper aims to demonstrate the use of available vegetation data from the phytosociological literature in preliminary analyses to generate hypotheses regarding vegetation and climate change. 2. Data for over 3000 samples of calcareous grassland, mesotrophic grassland, heath and woodland vegetation were taken from the literature for a region in the west of Atlantic Europe and subjected to ordination by detrended correspondence analysis in order to identify the main gradients present. 3. Climate data were obtained at a resolution of 0.5 from an existing database. The relationship between vegetation composition and climate was investigated by the correlation of the mean scores for the first two ordination axes for each 0.5 cell with the climate and location variables. 4. The ordinations resulted in clear geographical gradients for calcareous grasslands, heaths and woodlands but not for mesotrophic grasslands. Significant correlations were shown between some of the vegetation gradients and the climate variables, with the strongest relationships occurring between the calcareous grassland gradients and July temperature, latitude and oceanicity. Some of the vegetation gradients were also inferred to reflect edaphic factors, management and vegetation history. 5. Those gradients that were related to temperature were hypothesized to reflect the influence of a progressively warmer climate on species composition, providing a baseline for further studies on the influence of climate change on species composition. 6. The validity of the literature data was assessed by the collection of an original set of field data for calcareous grasslands and the subsequent ordination of a dataset containing samples from both the literature and the field. The considerable overlap between the samples from the literature and the field suggest that literature data can be used, despite certain limitations. Such preliminary analyses, using readily available data, can thus achieve useful results, thereby saving lengthy and costly field visits. AU - Duckworth, J. C., R. G. H. Bunce, et al. PY - 2000 SP - 187-199 ST - Vegetation gradients in Atlantic Europe: the use of existing phytosociological data in preliminary investigations on the potential effects of climate change on British vegetation T2 - Global Ecology & Biogeography TI - Vegetation gradients in Atlantic Europe: the use of existing phytosociological data in preliminary investigations on the potential effects of climate change on British vegetation VL - 9 ID - 748 ER - TY - MANSCPT AU - Dudhia, J., D. Gill, K. Manning, W. Wang, and C. Bruyere CY - Boulder. PY - 2004 RP - Reprint Edition ST - PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System Tutorial Class Notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modeling System Version 3 T2 - Software Manual TI - PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System Tutorial Class Notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modeling System Version 3 ID - 749 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Dudhia, J., D. Gill, K. Manning, W. Wang, and C. Bruyere CY - Boulder PB - Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division of the NCAR PY - 2004 ST - PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System Tutorial Class Notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modelling System Version 3 TI - PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System Tutorial Class Notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modelling System Version 3 ID - 750 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Mark-release-recapture experiments with both newly emerged and flight experienced Ips typographus L. were performed in a pine forest near Prague. Three concentric trap circles around the release site with a radius of 5 m, 200 m and 500 m, and intertrap distances of 6 m, 16 m and. maximally, 40 m, were installed with the intention of collecting all dispersing bark beetles ready to respond to pheromone lures. The results show that even without wind and no potential host trees in the surroundings, only about one-third (35.4%) of the emerging beetles in an infested site can be eliminated locally with phermomone traps. At least 12.2% of the emerging beetles (25.7% of the recaptures), perform an adaptive migration flight, which brings them beyond the range of local pheromone traps. The estimated proportion of emigrants can rise over 50%, if most of the freshly emerged beetles that have never been recaptured are assumed to have left the experimental area. Electroantennograms recorded in the laboratory at different times after emergence indicate that the delayed response to aggregation pheromones in migrating bark beetles is not the result of a delayed maturation of the antennal receptor cells, but obviously governed by the central nervous system. The notion of precopulatory migration in 25–50% of the individuals in an I. typographus population can explain why pheromone traps can never eliminate all emerging beetles, and why so many bark beetles can be collected far away from any breeding sites. AU - Duelli, P. AU - Zahradnik, P. AU - Knizek, M. AU - Kalinova, B. DO - 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1997.tb01409.x IS - 1-5 PY - 1997 SN - 1439-0418 SP - 297-303 ST - Migration in spruce bark beetles (Ips typographis L.) and the efficiency of pheromone traps T2 - Journal of Applied Entomology TI - Migration in spruce bark beetles (Ips typographis L.) and the efficiency of pheromone traps UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1997.tb01409.x VL - 121 ID - 751 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dukes, J. S. LB - duke00 PY - 2000 SP - 95-113 ST - Will the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration affect the success of invasive species? T2 - Mooney, H and Hobbs, R.J. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world. Island Press, Washington, DC TI - Will the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration affect the success of invasive species? ID - 752 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dukes, J. S. AU - H.A, Mooney IS - 4 LB - duke99 PY - 1999 SP - 135-139 ST - Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? T2 - Trends in Ecology and Evolution TI - Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? VL - 14 ID - 753 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dukes, J.S. LB - duke00 PY - 2000 SP - 95-113 ST - Will the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration affect the success of invasive species? T2 - Mooney, H and Hobbs, R.J. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world. Island Press, Washington, DC TI - Will the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration affect the success of invasive species? ID - 754 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dukes, J.S. AU - H.A., Mooney IS - 4 LB - duke99 PY - 1999 SP - 135-139 ST - Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? T2 - Trends in Ecology and Evolution TI - Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? VL - 14 ID - 755 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dullinger, Stefan AU - Dirnböck, Thomas AU - Grabherr, Georg LB - dullinger:04 PY - 2004 SP - 241-252 ST - Modelling climate change-driven treeline shifts: relative effects of temperature increase, dispersal and invasibility T2 - Journal of Ecology TI - Modelling climate change-driven treeline shifts: relative effects of temperature increase, dispersal and invasibility VL - 92 ID - 756 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dumagan, J. C. AU - Mount, T. D. LB - dumagan1993 PY - 1993 SP - 175--201 ST - Welfare effects of improving end-use efficiency: Theory and application to residential electricity demand T2 - Resource and Energy Economics TI - Welfare effects of improving end-use efficiency: Theory and application to residential electricity demand VL - 15 ID - 757 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dunn, P. O. AU - Winkler AU - W, D. LB - dunn99 PY - 1999 SP - 2487-2490 ST - Climate change has affected the breeding date of tree swallows throughout North America T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Climate change has affected the breeding date of tree swallows throughout North America VL - 26 ID - 758 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dunn, P. O. AU - Winkler AU - W., D. LB - dunn99 PY - 1999 SP - 2487-2490 ST - Climate change has affected the breeding date of tree swallows throughout North America T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Climate change has affected the breeding date of tree swallows throughout North America VL - 26 ID - 759 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Durbin, D. IS - 2 LB - durbin2001 PY - 2001 SP - 297-309 ST - Managing Natural Catastrophe Risk: The Structure and Dynamics of Reinsurance T2 - The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance TI - Managing Natural Catastrophe Risk: The Structure and Dynamics of Reinsurance VL - 26 ID - 760 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Schriften, Essener Ökologische AU - Dütemeyer, D. CY - Hohenwarsleben PY - 2000 ST - Urban-orographische Bodenwindsysteme in der städtischen Peripherie Kölns TI - Urban-orographische Bodenwindsysteme in der städtischen Peripherie Kölns VL - 12 ID - 761 ER - TY - SER AU - DVL (DEUTSCHER VERBAND FÜR LANDSCHAFTSPFLEGE) CY - Ansbach PY - 2006 ST - Landschaftselemente in der Agrarstruktur: Entstehung, Neuanlage und Erhalt T3 - Landschaft als Lebensraum TI - Landschaftselemente in der Agrarstruktur: Entstehung, Neuanlage und Erhalt VL - 9 ID - 762 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dynesius, M. AU - Jansson AU - R LB - dyne00 PY - 2000 SP - 9115-9120 ST - Evolutionary consequences of changes in species´ geographical distributions driven by Milankovitch climate oscillations T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Evolutionary consequences of changes in species´ geographical distributions driven by Milankovitch climate oscillations VL - 97 ID - 763 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dynesius, M. AU - Jansson AU - R. LB - dyne00 PY - 2000 SP - 9115-9120 ST - Evolutionary consequences of changes in species´ geographical distributions driven by Milankovitch climate oscillations T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Evolutionary consequences of changes in species´ geographical distributions driven by Milankovitch climate oscillations VL - 97 ID - 764 ER - TY - BOOK AU - e.V, Berliner Wetterkarte LB - berlinerwetterkarteev PB - Institut für Meteorologie der Freien Universität Berlin ST - Berliner Wetterkarte TI - Berliner Wetterkarte ID - 765 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D. R. AU - et al. LB - easterling2000b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2000 SP - 417-425 ST - Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review T2 - Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. TI - Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review VL - 81 ID - 766 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Variations and trends in extreme climate events have only recently received much attention. Exponentially increasing economic losses, coupled with an increase in deaths due to these events, have focused attention on the possibility that these events are increasing in frequency. One of the major problems in examining the climate record for changes in extremes is a lack of high quality long-term data. In some areas of the world increases in extreme events are apparent, while in others there appears to be a decline. Based on this information increased ability to monitor and detect multi-decadal variations and trends is critical to begin to detect any observed changes and understand their origins. AU - Easterling, D. R. AU - Evans, J. L. AU - Groisman, P. Y. AU - Karl, T. R. AU - Kunkel, K. E. AU - Ambenje, P. LB - easterling1999 PY - 2000 SP - 417-425 ST - Observed Variability and Trends in Extreme Climate Events: A Brief Review T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Observed Variability and Trends in Extreme Climate Events: A Brief Review VL - 81 ID - 767 ER - TY - JOUR AB - One of the major concerns with a potential change in climate is that an increase in extreme events will occur. Results of observational studies suggest that in many areas that have been analyzed, changes in total precipitation are amplified at the tails, and changes in some temperature extremes have been observed. Model output has been analyzed that shows changes in extreme events for future climates, such as increases in extreme high temperatures, decreases in extreme low temperatures, and increases in intense precipitation events. In addition, the societal infrastructure is becoming more sensitive to weather and climate extremes, which would be exacerbated by climate change. In wild plants and animals, climate-induced extinctions, distributional and phenological changes, and species’ range shifts are being documented at an increasing rate. Several apparently gradual biological changes are linked to responses to extreme weather and climate events. AU - Easterling, D. R. AU - Meehl, G. A. AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Changnon, S. A. AU - Karl, T. R. AU - Mearns, L. O. LB - easterling2000 N1 - http://www.biosci.utexas.edu/IB/faculty/parmesan/pubs/Eastl_Ntr_00.pdf PY - 2000 SP - 2068-2074 ST - Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts. T2 - Science TI - Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts VL - 289 ID - 768 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D. R. AU - Meehl AU - G.A AU - Parmesan AU - C AU - Changnon AU - S.A AU - Karl AU - T.R AU - Mearns AU - L.O LB - east00 PY - 2000 SP - 2068-2074 ST - Climate Extrems: Observations, Modeling and Impacts T2 - Science TI - Climate Extrems: Observations, Modeling and Impacts VL - 28 ID - 769 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D.R. . AU - et al. LB - easterling2000b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2000 SP - 417-425 ST - Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review T2 - Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. TI - Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review VL - 81 ID - 770 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D.R. AU - Meehl, G.A. AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Changon, S.A. AU - Karl, T, R, AU - Mearns, L.O. PY - 2000 SE - 2068 SP - 2068-2074 ST - Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts. T2 - Science TI - Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts. VL - 289 ID - 3341 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D.R. AU - Meehl AU - G.A. AU - Parmesan AU - C. AU - Changnon AU - S.A. AU - Karl AU - T.R. AU - Mearns AU - L.O. LB - east00 PY - 2000 SP - 2068-2074 ST - Climate Extrems: Observations, Modeling and Impacts T2 - Science TI - Climate Extrems: Observations, Modeling and Impacts VL - 28 ID - 771 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Analysis of the global mean surface air temperature has shown that its increase is due, at least in part, to differential changes in daily maximum and minimum temperatures, resulting in a narrowing of the diurnal temperature range (DTR). The analysis, using station metadata and improved areal coverage for much of the Southern Hemisphere landmass, indicates that the DTR is continuing to decrease in most parts of the world, that urban effects on globally and hemispherically averaged time series are negligible, and that circulation variations in parts of the Northern Hemisphere appear to be related to the DTR. Atmospheric aerosol loading in the Southern Hemisphere is much less than that in the Northern Hemisphere, suggesting that there are likely a number of factors, such as increases in cloudiness, contributing to the decreases in DTR. AU - Easterling, David R. AU - Horton, Briony AU - Jones, Philip D. AU - Peterson, Thomas C. AU - Karl, Thomas R. AU - Parker, David E. AU - Salinger, M. James AU - Razuvayev, Vyacheslav AU - Plummer, Neil AU - Jamason, Paul AU - Folland, Christopher K. DA - July 18, 1997 DO - 10.1126/science.277.5324.364 IS - 5324 PY - 1997 SP - 364-367 ST - Maximum and Minimum Temperature Trends for the Globe T2 - Science TI - Maximum and Minimum Temperature Trends for the Globe UR - http://www.sciencemag.org/content/277/5324/364.abstract VL - 277 ID - 772 ER - TY - JOUR AU - EASTHAM AU - J. AU - ROSE, C.W. PY - 1988 SE - 355 SP - 14 ST - The effect of tree spacing on evaporation from an agroforestry experiment. T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 42 TI - The effect of tree spacing on evaporation from an agroforestry experiment. VL - 42 ID - 773 ER - TY - LEGAL AU - Commission, EC - European PB - EC - European Commision PY - 2006 SP - 232 T2 - 2004/35/EC TI - Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the soil protection of soil and amending Directive 2004/35/EC. COM (2006) ID - 3392 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Edelhofer, R. AU - Kosztolich, A. AU - Mitterhuber, C. AU - Kutzer, E. PY - 1995 SP - 90-95 ST - Imported Cases Of Leishmaniasis In Dogs, A Retrospective Study Concerning Austria (1985-1994). T2 - Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift TI - Imported Cases Of Leishmaniasis In Dogs, A Retrospective Study Concerning Austria (1985-1994). VL - 82 ID - 774 ER - TY - GEN AU - EEA PB - European Topic Centre on Air and Climate Change ST - AirBase TI - AirBase ID - 775 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EEA CY - Copenhagen DO - DOI 10.2800/14754 ISSN: 1725–2237 ISBN 978-92-9167-974-4 PY - 2007 ST - Climate change: the cost of inaction and the cost of adaptation T2 - EEA Technical report TI - Climate change: the cost of inaction and the cost of adaptation VL - 13 ID - 776 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - European Environment Agency, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities AU - EEA CY - Luxembourg PY - 2009 ST - Water resources across Europe — confronting water scarcity and drought (No. 2/2009) TI - Water resources across Europe — confronting water scarcity and drought (No. 2/2009) ID - 777 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Agency, European Environment AU - EEH PY - 2006 ST - How much bioenergy can Europe produce without harming the environment? T2 - EEA REport 7/2006 TI - How much bioenergy can Europe produce without harming the environment? ID - 778 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Efthymiadis D, Jones P. Briffa K. Auer I. Böhm R. Schöner W. Frei C. und Schmidli J. PY - 2006 ST - Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Re-gion for 1800–2003 In: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol, 111. T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research TI - Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Region for 1800–-2003 VL - 111 ID - 779 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Efthymiadis D., Jones P., Briffa K. Auer I., Böhm R., Schöner W., Frei C., und Schmidli J., PY - 2006 ST - Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Re-gion for 1800–2003 In: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol, 111. TI - Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Re-gion for 1800–2003 In: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol, 111 ID - 780 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Eggers, T. CY - Joensuu, Finland PB - European Forest Institute PY - 2002 SP - 90 ST - The Impacts of Manufacturing and Utilization of Wood Products on the European Carbon Budget TI - The Impacts of Manufacturing and Utilization of Wood Products on the European Carbon Budget VL - EFI Internal Report 9 ID - 3478 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Ectomycorrhizal fungi are dependent on the carbohydrates produced by higher plants. Their main energy source is lost immediately if the higher plant is eliminated, e.g. as the result of windthrow. In this study we investigated how long ectomycorrhizal fungi can survive in the soil and still be capable of colonizing naturally regenerating seedlings on an uncleared windthrow site. A biotest was used for measuring the mycorrhizal inoculum potential of the soil and morphological and molecular techniques for identifying the ectomycorrhizas. Ten years after the windthrow event, the number of infective ectomycorrhizal fungi in the soil of the windthrow plot was significantly smaller than in the adjacent forest. The remaining species, including Tylospora asterophora, Telephora terrestris and Cenococcum geophilum were still able to fully mycorrhize the new seedlings. The results are discussed with respect to possible implications for forestry practice. AD - WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Egli, S. WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland email: simon.egli@wsl.ch AU - Egli, S. AU - Peter, M. AU - Falcato, S. DB - Scopus IS - 1-2 J2 - For. Snow Landsc. Res. KW - Ectomycorrhizal fungi Inoculum potential Regeneration Windthrow colonization ectomycorrhiza survival windthrow Asterophora Cenococcum geophilum Embryophyta Fungi Tylospora asterophora LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):7 CODEN: FSLRB References: Agerer, R., Characterization of ectomycorrhiza (1991) Methods in Microbiology, 23, pp. 26-73; Brundreit, M., Bougher, N., Dell, B., Grove, T., Malajczuk, N., Working with Mycorrhizas in Forestry and Agriculture (1996) ACIAR Monograph, 32, 374p; Byrd, K.B., Parker, T., Vogler, D.R., Cullings, K.W., The influence of clear-cutting on ectomycorrhizal fungus diversity in a lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stand, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and Gallatin National Forest, Montana (2000) Can. J. Bot., 78, pp. 149-156; Gardes, M., Bruns, T.D., ITS-RFLP Matching for Identification of Fungi (1996) Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 50: Species Diagnostics Protocol: PCR and Other Nucleic Acid Methods, 50, pp. 177-186. , CLAPP, J.P. (ed) Totowa, NJ, USA, Humana Press Inc; Jonsson, L., Dahlberg, A., Nilsson, M.C., Zackrisson, O., Karen, O., Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in late-successional Swedish boreal forests, and their composition following wildfire (1999) Mol. Ecol., 8, pp. 205-215; Karen, O., Högberg, N., Dahlberg, A., Jonsson, L., Nylund, J.E., Inter- and intra-specific variation in the ITS region of rDNA of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Fennoscandia as detected by endonuclease analysis (1997) New Phytol., 136, pp. 313-325; Karen, O., Nylund, J.E., Effects of ammonium sulphate on the community structure and biomass of ectomycorrhizal fungi in a Norway spruce stand in southwestern Sweden (1997) Can. J. Bot., 75, pp. 1628-1642; Kropp, B.R., Albee, S., The effects of silvicultural treatments on occurrence of mycorrhizal sporocarps in a Pinus contorta forest: A preliminary study (1996) Biol. 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PY - 1951 SP - 39-40 ST - Freilandmittelprüfungen beim Rübenderbrüßler T2 - Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde TI - Freilandmittelprüfungen beim Rübenderbrüßler VL - 24 ID - 786 ER - TY - BOOK AU - EICHLER, W. CY - Wittenberg, Lutherstadt PB - Verl. A. Ziemsen PY - 1951 ST - Rübenfeind Derbrüssler. Ein Buch vom Leben und Treiben des Bothynoderes punctiventris TI - Rübenfeind Derbrüssler. Ein Buch vom Leben und Treiben des Bothynoderes punctiventris ID - 787 ER - TY - JOUR AU - EICHLER, W. AU - SCHRÖDTER, H. PY - 1951 SP - 567-575 ST - Witterungsfaktoren als Urheber der Massenvermehrung des Rübenderbrüßlers (Bothynoderes punctiventris) 1947-49 in Mitteldeutschland T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Witterungsfaktoren als Urheber der Massenvermehrung des Rübenderbrüßlers (Bothynoderes punctiventris) 1947-49 in Mitteldeutschland VL - 32 ID - 788 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 398 AU - Eitzinger, J. KW - Adaptation agriculture climate change Europe ST - Der Klimawandel - seine Auswirkungen auf agrarmeteorologische Aspekte und Anpassungsoptionen für die Landwirtschaft im eruopäischen Kontext T2 - Ländlicher Raum - Online-Fachzeitschrift des Bundesministeriums für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft TI - Der Klimawandel - seine Auswirkungen auf agrarmeteorologische Aspekte und Anpassungsoptionen für die Landwirtschaft im eruopäischen Kontext UR - http://www.laendlicher-raum.at/article/articleview/81602/1/10404 VL - Jahrgang 2010 ID - 789 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Lebensministerium, BMLFUW AU - Eitzinger, J. PY - 2007 SP - 136-138 ST - Einfluss des Klimawandels auf die Produktionsrisiken in der österreichischen Landwirtschaft und mögliche Anpassungsstrategien T2 - Grüner Bericht 2007 TI - Einfluss des Klimawandels auf die Produktionsrisiken in der österreichischen Landwirtschaft und mögliche Anpassungsstrategien UR - http://www.laendlicher-raum.at ID - 790 ER - TY - CONF AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Alexandrov, V. Klaghofer E. AU - Oberforster, M. CY - Wien, Österreich DA - 18.-21. September LB - eitzinger2001 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2001 ST - Die Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt von Kulturpflanzen bei unterschiedlichem Bodenwasserspeichervermögen T2 - Proceedings - Österreichisch - Schweizerische Meteorologen - Tagung TI - Die Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt von Kulturpflanzen bei unterschiedlichem Bodenwasserspeichervermögen ID - 791 ER - TY - CONF AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Alexandrov, V. Klaghofer, E. AU - Oberforster, M. CY - Wien, Österreich DA - 18.-21. September LA - Deutsch LB - eitzinger2001 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2001 ST - Die Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt von Kulturpflanzen bei unterschiedlichem Bodenwasserspeichervermögen T2 - Proceedings - Österreichisch - Schweizerische Meteorologen - Tagung TI - Die Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt von Kulturpflanzen bei unterschiedlichem Bodenwasserspeichervermögen ID - 792 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - DWD AU - EITZINGER, J. AU - GERERSDORFER, T. AU - SCHUME, H. AU - MURSCH-RADLGRUBER, E. CY - Garmisch-Partenkirchen ET - In: Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD): 17th International Congress of Biometeorology (ICB 2005) September 5-9 2005; ISBN 3-88148-405-1; ISSN 4122 PB - DWD, Offenbach am Main PY - 2005 SP - 3 ST - Influence of a hedge row on field evapotranspiration in the semi-arid region of north-east Austria. T2 - Annalen der Meteorologie TI - Influence of a hedge row on field evapotranspiration in the semi-arid region of north-east Austria. VL - 41 ID - 793 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 473 AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Kersebaum, Ch AU - Formayer, H. CY - Clenze KW - Adaptation agriculture climate change Climate impacts Europe PB - AgriMedia PY - 2009 ST - Landwirtschaft im Klimawandel - Auswirkungen und Anpassungsstrategien für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft in Mitteleuropa TI - Landwirtschaft im Klimawandel - Auswirkungen und Anpassungsstrategien für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft in Mitteleuropa ID - 794 ER - TY - JOUR AU - EITZINGER, J. AU - KÖSSLER, Ch. IS - 3-4 PY - 2002 SE - 245 SP - 12 ST - Microclimatological characteristics of a miscanthus (Miscanthus cv. Giganteus) stand during stable conditions at night in the nonvegetative winter period. T2 - Theor. Appl. Climatol. TI - Microclimatological characteristics of a miscanthus (Miscanthus cv. Giganteus) stand during stable conditions at night in the nonvegetative winter period. VL - 72 ID - 795 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Landesregierung, Im Auftrag der Burgenländischen AU - EITZINGER, J. AU - KUBU, G. AU - FORMAYER, H. AU - HAAS, P. AU - GERERSDORFER, T. AU - KROMP-KOLB, H. PY - 2005 ST - Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt des Neusiedlersees. Forschungsbericht TI - Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt des Neusiedlersees. Forschungsbericht ID - 796 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Stastná, M. AU - Zalud, Z. AU - Dubrovský, M. LB - eitzinger2003 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2003 SP - 163-234 ST - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios T2 - Agricultural Water Management TI - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios VL - 61 ID - 797 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Stastná, M. AU - Zalud AU - Z AU - Dubrovský, M. LB - eitz03 PY - 2003 SP - 163-234 ST - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios T2 - Agricultural Water Management TI - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios VL - 61 ID - 798 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Stastná, M. AU - Zalud AU - Z. AU - Dubrovský, M. LB - eitz03 PY - 2003 SP - 163-234 ST - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios T2 - Agricultural Water Management TI - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios VL - 61 ID - 799 ER - TY - CHAP AU - EITZINGER, J. AU - THALER, S. AU - KUBU, G. AU - RISCHBECK, P. CY - Wien PB - Amt der NÖ Landesregierung PY - 2007 SE - 4 ST - Potentielle Auswirkungen und Anpassungsmaßnahmen der Landwirtschaft an den Klimawandel im Nordosten Österreichs (Weinviertel-Marchfeld Region) T2 - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels in Niederösterreich T3 - NÖ Klimastudie 2007 TI - Potentielle Auswirkungen und Anpassungsmaßnahmen der Landwirtschaft an den Klimawandel im Nordosten Österreichs (Weinviertel-Marchfeld Region) ID - 800 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Trnka, M. AU - Hösch, J. AU - Zalud, Z. AU - Dubrovský, M. LB - eitzinger2004b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2004 SP - 223-246 ST - Comparison of CERES, WOFOST and SWAP models in simulating soil water content during growing season under different soil conditions T2 - Ecological Modelling TI - Comparison of CERES, WOFOST and SWAP models in simulating soil water content during growing season under different soil conditions VL - 17 ID - 801 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Weindl, M. DA - June 7 LB - eitzinger2004 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2004 ST - Drought and drought monitoring in agriculture T2 - International Workshop (mit CD) TI - Drought and drought monitoring in agriculture ID - 802 ER - TY - JOUR AB - There is growing evidence of the importance of extramatrical mycelium (EMM) of mycorrhizal fungi in carbon (C) cycling in ecosystems. However, our understanding has until recently been mainly based on laboratory experiments, and knowledge of such basic parameters as variations in mycelial production, standing biomass and turnover as well as the regulatory mechanisms behind such variations in forest soils is limited. Presently, the production of EMM by ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi has been estimated at ~140 different forest sites to be up to several hundreds of kg per ha per year, but the published data are biased towards Picea abies in Scandinavia. Little is known about the standing biomass and turnover of EMM in other systems, and its influence on the C stored or lost from soils. Here, focussing on ectomycorrhizas, we discuss the factors that regulate the production and turnover of EMM and its role in soil C dynamics, identifying important gaps in this knowledge. C availability seems to be the key factor determining EMM production and possibly its standing biomass in forests but direct effects of mineral nutrient availability on the EMM can be important. There is great uncertainty about the rate of turnover of EMM. There is increasing evidence that residues of EM fungi play a major role in the formation of stable N and C in SOM, which highlights the need to include mycorrhizal effects in models of global soil C stores. © 2013 The Author(s). AD - School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Ecology Building, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden Institute of Forest Ecology, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Vienna, Austria Plant Biology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, United Kingdom Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology ASCR, 14220 Praha, Czech Republic Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 460, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden UMR INRA-UL Forest Ecology and Ecophysiology, Université de Lorraine, BP70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France Institute of Environmental Biology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Al. Ossolinskich 12, 85-093 Bydgoszcz, Poland Terrestrial Ecology, Biological Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, bygning 1, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vecna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Soil Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Dr. Hans Frisch Str. 1, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany INRA, UMR Eco and Sols, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 02, France Ekblad, A. School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden email: alf.ekblad@oru.se AU - Ekblad, A. AU - Wallander, H. AU - Godbold, D. L. AU - Cruz, C. AU - Johnson, D. AU - Baldrian, P. AU - Björk, R. G. AU - Epron, D. AU - Kieliszewska-Rokicka, B. AU - Kjøller, R. AU - Kraigher, H. AU - Matzner, E. AU - Neumann, J. AU - Plassard, C. 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CY - Wien, Technische Universität PB - Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft PY - 2001 ST - Bodeninformation und das Kyoto- Protokoll: Der Waldboden als Kohlenstoffsenke – Hypothesen und Möglichkeiten der konkreten Messung T2 - Bodenschutz in einem vereinten Europa TI - Bodeninformation und das Kyoto- Protokoll: Der Waldboden als Kohlenstoffsenke – Hypothesen und Möglichkeiten der konkreten Messung ID - 3393 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Dogs and horses are transported within the European Union for a number of reasons. The transport per se may cause physical problems, exemplified by hyperthermia in dogs and pleuropneumonia in horses, and the stress may reactivate latent infections such as canine herpesvirus-1 and equine herpesvirus-1. Preventive treatments are vital to protect dogs from ticks and mosquitoes transmitting their potentially lethal infectious agents, such as Leishmania donovani infantum, Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, and Dirofilaria immitis. However, records show that the travelling dogs are not fully protected since cases occur in non-endemic regions. The brown dog tick also poses a risk for humans by transmitting Rickettsia conorii causing Mediterranean spotted fever. Further, the trade in stray dogs from southern Europe has placed a particular focus on the occurrence of vector-borne diseases in the Mediterranean basin. The unknown origin of strays also poses a risk for rabies. With respect to horses, those transported to southern Europe may be exposed to Theileria equi and Babesia caballi, both of which are transmitted by ticks. Horses with antibodies against these parasites are not permitted to enter the USA. Additionally, viral diseases such as African horse sickness, transmitted by midges, and Borna disease, of the mode of transmission is yet unclear, may also pose a risk for horses travelling to potentially endemic regions. AU - Englund, L. AU - Pringle, J. PY - 2003 SP - 19-25 ST - New diseases and increased risk of diseases in companion animals and horses due to transport T2 - Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica TI - New diseases and increased risk of diseases in companion animals and horses due to transport VL - 100 ID - 840 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Enke, W. AU - Spekat, A. DA - October LB - enke97a N1 - schlagen ein 2-schritt downscalingverf. vor; verwenden geopot. und rel. hum. felder (europa-nordatlantik) des dwd und 52 deut. klimastationen; tagesdaten; 1. schritt: clusteranalysis auf der groben skala -> significant patterns -> synop. interpretation -> weather elements; einteilung deutschlands in 6 regionen; 2. screening lin. regr. zwischen den wetterelementen und den regionen; es zeigt sich, dass die mwethode in uebereinstimmung mit den beobachtungen ist und es koennen innerannuelle variabilitäten der einzelnen wetterele. wiedergegeben werden; mir nicht klar, wie der zeitbezug hergestellt wird; viele prediktoren; kein szenario; PY - 1997 SP - 195-207 ST - Downscaling climate model outputs into local and regional weather elements by classification and regression T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Downscaling climate model outputs into local and regional weather elements by classification and regression VL - 8 ID - 841 ER - TY - GEN AU - Ens AU - et al. LB - ens96 PY - 1996 ST - Effects of climate change on bird migration strategies along the East Atlantic Flyway TI - Effects of climate change on bird migration strategies along the East Atlantic Flyway ID - 842 ER - TY - GEN AU - EPA PB - United States Environmental Protection Agency PY - 1999 ST - Guideline for reporting of daily air quality – air quality index (AQI) TI - Guideline for reporting of daily air quality – air quality index (AQI) VL - EPA-454/R-99-010 ID - 843 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Epstein, P. R. AU - Diaz AU - H.F AU - Elias AU - S AU - Grabherr AU - G AU - Graham AU - N.E AU - Martens AU - W.J.M AU - Mosley, Thompson AU - E AU - Susskind AU - J LB - epst98 PY - 1998 SP - 409-417 ST - Biological and physical signs of climate change: Focus on Mosquito-borne diseases T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. TI - Biological and physical signs of climate change: Focus on Mosquito-borne diseases VL - 79 ID - 844 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Epstein, P.R. AU - Diaz AU - H.F. AU - Elias AU - S. AU - Grabherr AU - G. AU - Graham AU - N.E. AU - Martens AU - W.J.M. AU - Mosley-Thompson AU - E. AU - Susskind AU - J. LB - epst98 PY - 1998 SP - 409-417 ST - Biological and physical signs of climate change: Focus on Mosquito-borne diseases T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. TI - Biological and physical signs of climate change: Focus on Mosquito-borne diseases VL - 79 ID - 845 ER - TY - GEN AU - ERDCHARTA PY - 2003 ST - Ökumenische Initiative Eine Welt und Bund für Umwelt- und Naturschutz Deutschland - Die Erd Charta T2 - Deutsche Erstübersetzung Mai 2001 TI - Ökumenische Initiative Eine Welt und Bund für Umwelt- und Naturschutz Deutschland - Die Erd Charta VL - 4.Aufl. ID - 3517 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effect of compost fertilization compared with mineral fertilization on N leaching to the groundwater was investigated in six plots of a long-term field experiment and a lysimeter station on a Molli-gleyic Fluvisol (WRB) near Vienna, Austria. The plots investigated included two treatments with compost fertilization (16 and 23 t ha–1 y–1, respectively, on average of 11 y), two treatments with mineral N fertilization (41 and 56 kg N ha–1 y–1, respectively), and two treatments with combined fertilization (9 t compost + 56 kg N ha–1 y–1 and 23 t compost + 22 kg N ha–1 y–1, respectively). Nitrogen leaching to the groundwater as determined using ceramic suction cups was not increased after 11 y of compost fertilization with higher amounts than used in practical farming (23 t ha–1 y–1, corresponding to an annual input of 205 kg Ntot ha–1) as compared to mineral fertilization under the conditions of the experiment. Even intensive N mineralization during a 4-month period of bare fallow did not cause pronounced differences between the fertilization treatments. The results suggest that in the pannonic climate, compost fertilization does not pose a risk for groundwater eutrophication on the medium term. AU - Erhart, Eva AU - Feichtinger, Franz AU - Hartl, Wilfried DO - 10.1002/jpln.200625181 IS - 5 KW - biowaste compost suction cups PY - 2007 SN - 1522-2624 SP - 608-614 ST - Nitrogen leaching losses under crops fertilized with biowaste compost compared with mineral fertilization T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science TI - Nitrogen leaching losses under crops fertilized with biowaste compost compared with mineral fertilization UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200625181 VL - 170 ID - 846 ER - TY - GEN AN - 847802280 AU - Erwin, Aichinger DB - HeBIS-Retro exkl. Leitkarten J2 - Aichinger, Erwin: Pflanzen als forstliche Standortsanzeiger LA - und PY - 1967 SP - 229 S. ST - Pflanzen als forstliche Standortsanzeiger [Signatur: ohne Signatur] TI - Pflanzen als forstliche Standortsanzeiger [Signatur: ohne Signatur] ID - 847 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract The behavioural reactions of young Agrotis segetum Schiff. to soil moisture were studied in pots with caged carrots. It was found that the larvae needed dry soil as hiding place. Hiding could also take place under cut off pieces of carrot leaves. If dry soil was available, the stay there was only interrupted by 1–2 feeding periods during the day. Hiding was prevented by keeping the soil moist. The observed differences in hiding behaviour in wet and dry soil may explain contradictory findings of other authors on the position of young cutworms.If wet soil prevented the larvae from hiding the frequency of feeding decreased. This may result in starvation, and may partly explain the negative influence on A. segetum of summers with excess rain. The behaviour of A. segetum seems adapted to dry conditions, and it may be disturbed so seriously by moist soil that the greater part of the population starve to death. This result agrees well with the fluctuations of this species in northern temperate countries. However, more knowledge of the influence of temperature is necessary for a full discussion of the significance of soil moisture. Zusammenfassung Verhaltensuntersuchungen an Junglarven von Agrotis segetum Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae): Zum Einfluß der BodenfeuchtigkeitDie Reaktionen von Agrotis segetum-Junglarven auf die Bodenfeuchtigkeit wurden in Blumentöpfen mit eingetopften und eingekäfigten Möhren untersucht. Die Raupen brauchten trockenen Boden als Versteck. Auch kleine Stücke von Möhrenblättern konnten als Versteck verwendet werden. Wenn trockener Boden zur Verfügung stand, hielten die Raupen sich hier die ganze Zeit auf, mit Ausnahme von 1–2 Freßperioden am Tag. Dieses Verstecken wurde durch das Befeuchten des Bodens verhindert. Die beobachteten Reaktionen von Jungraupen auf trockenem und feuchtem Boden ermöglichen eine Auseinandersetzung mit den nicht übereinstimmenden Beobachtungen von anderen Autoren hinsichtlich des Verhaltens der Jungraupen.Wenn die Bodenfeuchtigkeit das Verstecken der Raupen verhinderte, war auch die Häufigkeit der Nahrungsaufnahme verringert. Dabei konnten die Raupen verhungern; ein solches Verhalten kann den negativen Einfluß von hohen Sommerniederschlagsmengen auf A. segetum erklären. Das Verhalten von A. segetum scheint an trockene Verhältnisse so angepaßt zu sein, daß nasser Boden zum Verhungern des größten Teils der Population führt. Das stimmt mit den Fluktuationen von A. segetum-Populationen in den nördlichen temperierten Ländern gut überein. Vor einer eingehenderen Diskussion über die Bedeutung der Bodenfeuchtigkeit ist noch eine Untersuchung des Temperatur-einflußes notwendig. AU - Esbjerg, P. DO - 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1988.tb00189.x IS - 1-5 PY - 1988 SN - 1439-0418 SP - 295-302 ST - Behaviour of 1st- and 2nd-instar cutworms (Agrotis segetum Schiff.) (Lep., Noctuidae): the influence of soil moisture T2 - Journal of Applied Entomology TI - Behaviour of 1st- and 2nd-instar cutworms (Agrotis segetum Schiff.) (Lep., Noctuidae): the influence of soil moisture UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1988.tb00189.x VL - 105 ID - 848 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract The importance of shelter for young Agrotis segetum Schiff. (Lep. Noctuidae) larvae was investigated using caged carrots (Daucus carota L.) with the soil surface covered only by paraffin wax, or with a layer of vermiculite resembling dry soil on top of a layer of paraffin wax. In the vermiculite treatment, most cutworms were found in the vermiculite with only a small proportion on the plant foliage, whereas in the paraffin wax treatment, the majority was found on the foliage. Larval growth rate was higher and mortality lower among the cutworms which could shelter in the vermiculite than amongst those with no shelter. These results agree with those from previous investigations which showed that moist soil prevented the larvae from sheltering in it. The importance of shelter in dry soil cannot be fully explained, but it may provide a more favourable temperature for larval development. Résumé Importance des abris pour les jeunes chenilles d'Agrotis segetumL'importance des abris pour les jeunes chenilles d'A. segetum a été examinée en utilisant des carottes (Daucus carota) dans des cages dont le sol était recouvert d'une couche de paraffine ou d'une couche de vermiculite mimant du sol sec au-dessus de La couche de paraffine. La plupart des vers gris ont été trouvés dans la couche de vermiculite contre une faible proportion dans le feuillage, tandis qu'en absence de vermiculite la majorité a été retrouvée dans le feuillage. La croissance larvaire était meilleure et la mortalité plus faible avec la vermiculite. Ces résultats sont conformes à des observations antérieures qui avaient montré qu'un sol humide empechait les chenilles de s'y abriter. L'importance de l'abri en sol sec n'est pas entièrement expliquée, mais celui-ci pourrait assurer une température plus favorable au développement larvaire. AU - Esbjerg, P. DO - 10.1111/j.1570-7458.1990.tb01317.x IS - 2 KW - Behaviour hiding Agrotis segetum PY - 1990 SN - 1570-7458 SP - 97-100 ST - The significance of shelter for young cutworms (Agrotis segetum) T2 - Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata TI - The significance of shelter for young cutworms (Agrotis segetum) UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1990.tb01317.x VL - 54 ID - 849 ER - TY - CONF A2 - OILB, Avignon (France) A2 - SROP, Bulletin OILB AU - ESBJERG, P. CY - Vienna, Austria KW - Pest insects Agrotis segetum Population change Soil water content Soil temperature Seasonal variation LA - English M1 - 4 PY - 1992 SN - ISSN 0253-1100 SP - 82-91 ST - Temperature and soil moisture – two major factors affecting Agrotis segetum, Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae) populations and their damage T2 - Lutte integree en culture de legumes, 28-30 Oct 1991 TI - Temperature and soil moisture – two major factors affecting Agrotis segetum, Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae) populations and their damage UR - http://www.prodinra.inra.fr/ VL - 15 ID - 850 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Escher-Vetter, H. AU - Braun, L.N. AU - Siebers, M. AU - Weber, M. PY - 2005 SP - 19-32 ST - Water balance of the Vernagtferner high alpine basin based on long-term measurements and modelling T2 - Landschaftsökologie und Umweltforschung, TU Braunschweig TI - Water balance of the Vernagtferner high alpine basin based on long-term measurements and modelling VL - 48 ID - 3577 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Escher-Vetter, Heidi AU - Kuhn, Michael AU - Weber, Markus IS - 50 LB - Escher-Vetter2009 PY - 2009 SP - 87-95 ST - Four decades of winter mass balance of Vernagtferner and Hintereisferner, Austria: methodology and results T2 - Annals of Glaciology TI - Four decades of winter mass balance of Vernagtferner and Hintereisferner, Austria: methodology and results UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2009/00000050/00000050/art00013 VL - 50 ID - 3578 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F., Essl PY - 1994 SP - 65-86 ST - Floristische Beobachtungen aus dem östlichen oberösterreichischen Alpenvorland. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 2. T2 - Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs TI - Floristische Beobachtungen aus dem östlichen oberösterreichischen Alpenvorland VL - 2 ID - 851 ER - TY - BOOK AU - F., Essl AU - J., Walter CY - Wien PB - Böhlau Verlag PY - 2005 ST - Ausgewählte neophytische Gefäßpflanzenarten Österreichs. Grüne Reihe des Bundesministeriums für Landwirtschaft und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Böhlau Verlag, Wien. TI - Ausgewählte neophytische Gefäßpflanzenarten Österreichs. Grüne Reihe des Bundesministeriums für Landwirtschaft und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft ID - 852 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Essl, A. CY - Frankfurt PB - Verlagsunion Agrar PY - 1987 ST - Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion. Verlagsunion Agrar, Frankfurt. TI - Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion ID - 853 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Essl, A. PY - 1987 ST - Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion. Verlagsunion Agrar, Frankfurt. TI - Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion. Verlagsunion Agrar, Frankfurt ID - 854 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch, W. PY - 2002 SP - 432 ST - Neobiota in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt, Wien. TI - Neobiota in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt, Wien ID - 855 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch, W. PY - 2002 SP - 432 pp ST - Neobiota in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt, Wien. TI - Neobiota in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt, Wien ID - 856 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch, W. PY - 2005 SP - 26 ST - Österreichischer Aktionsplan zu gebietsfremden Arten (Neobiota) TI - Österreichischer Aktionsplan zu gebietsfremden Arten (Neobiota) ID - 857 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch AU - W LB - essl02 PY - 2002 SP - 432 ST - Neobiota in Österreich T2 - Umweltbundesamt, Wien TI - Neobiota in Österreich ID - 858 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch AU - W. LB - essl02 PY - 2002 SP - 432 ST - Neobiota in Österreich T2 - Umweltbundesamt, Wien TI - Neobiota in Österreich ID - 859 ER - TY - WEB AU - KLEMS, EU PY - 2007 ST - Growth and Productivity Accounts TI - Growth and Productivity Accounts UR - http://www.euklems.com ID - 860 ER - TY - LEGAL AU - Commission, European PY - 2006 T2 - COM (2006)231 TI - Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions: Towards a Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection. ID - 3394 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Agency, European Environment PY - 2008 SP - 246 ST - Impacts of Europe’s changing climate - 2008 indicatorbased assessment T2 - EEA Report TI - Impacts of Europe’s changing climate - 2008 indicatorbased assessment VL - 4 ID - 861 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (EEA), European Environment Agency CY - Copenhague, Denmark PY - 2000 SP - 32 ST - Down to earth. Soil degradation and sustainable development in Europe – a challenge for the 21st century T2 - Environmental Issue Report No. 16 TI - Down to earth. Soil degradation and sustainable development in Europe – a challenge for the 21st century ID - 862 ER - TY - GEN AU - Commission, European Travel PY - 2006 ST - Tourismus Trends für Europa TI - Tourismus Trends für Europa UR - http://www.etc-corporate.org/resources/uploads/ETC_Tourismus_Trends_fuer_Europa_02-2007_GER.pdf ID - 863 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyse the importance of the theory of social capital for the challenges presented during environmental management initiatives in higher education institutions (HEIs). In particular, the paper utilises the fundamental components of social capital theory and assesses a hypothesis that higher stocks of social capital result in benefits for environmental management of HEIs. Design/methodology/approach: An introduction of the concept of social capital and its components is presented followed by a brief review on its main connections with environmental policy and management in general. An analysis of the influence of each component on several issues occurring during the environmental management of HEIs follows. Findings: Through the analysis, it is claimed that social capital is a useful concept for the environmental management of HEIs and may significantly facilitate such initiatives. Research limitations/implications: The paper emphasizes the effect of community social capital in the internal functioning of organizations. Further research could also explore the influence of dealings with external actors. Practical implications: The paper emphasises the importance of exploring the potential influence of social factors while planning environmental initiatives. Through such assessments, several obstacles may be overcome during implementation procedures. Originality/value: This is a first attempt to explore the application of the theory of social capital for the functioning of the academic community during initiatives for the greening of HEIs. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited. AD - Department of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece Evangelinos, K. I. Department of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece AU - Evangelinos, K. I. AU - Jones, N. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1108/14676370910990684 IS - 4 J2 - Int. J. Sustain. High. Educ. KW - Environmental management Higher education Social capital Sustainable development LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):6 References: Allen-Gil, S., Walker, L., Thomas, G., Shevory, T., Elan, S., Forming a community partnership to enhance education in sustainability (2005) International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 6 (4), pp. 392-402; Anderson, J.E., (2006) Public Policymaking: An Introduction, , 6th ed., Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, MA; Barnes, P., Jerman, P., Developing an environmental management system for a multiple-university consortium (2002) Journal of Cleaner Production, 10, pp. 33-9; Bourdieu, P., The forms of capital, in Richardson (1986) Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, pp. 241-58. , J.G. (Ed.), Greenwood Press, New York, NY; Bullock III, C.S., Rodgers Jr., R.H., Civil rights policies and the matter of compliance (1976), pp. 237-57. , in Anderson, J.E. 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(Ed.), Westview Press, Boulder, CO; Zhao, Y., Measuring the social capital of laid-off Chinese workers (2002) Current Sociology, 50 (4), pp. 555-71 PY - 2009 SN - 14676370 SP - 334-342 ST - An analysis of social capital and environmental management of higher education institutions T2 - International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education TI - An analysis of social capital and environmental management of higher education institutions UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70350236362&partnerID=40&md5=7a4b0ec8189363f2a07ab98541180c4a VL - 10 ID - 3518 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climatic warming during the last 100-150 years has resulted in a significant glacier ice loss from mountainous areas of the world. Certain natural processes which pose hazards to people and development in these areas have accelerated as a result of this recent deglaciation. These include glacier avalanches, landslides and slope instability caused by glacier debuttressing, and outburst floods from moraine- and glacier-dammed lakes. In addition, changes in sediment and water supply induced by climatic warming and glacier retreat have altered channel and floodplain patterns of rivers draining high mountain ranges. The perturbation of natural processes operating in mountain environments, caused by recent climatic warming, ranges from tens of decades for moraine-dam failures to hundreds of years or more for landslides. The recognition that climatic change as modest as that of the last century can perturb natural alpine processes has important implications for hazard assessment and future development in mountains. Even so, these effects are probably at least an order of magnitude smaller than those associated with late Pleistocene deglaciation ca. 15,000 to 10,000 years ago. AU - Evans, S. G. AU - Clague, J. J. DO - SSDIO169-555X(94)O0034-O PY - 1994 SP - 107-128 ST - Recent climatic change and catastrophic geomorphic processes in mountain environments T2 - Geomorphology TI - Recent climatic change and catastrophic geomorphic processes in mountain environments VL - 10 ID - 864 ER - TY - JOUR AB -

Effects of increasing carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] on wheat vary depending on water supply and climatic conditions, which are difficult to estimate. Crop simulation models are often used to predict the impact of global atmospheric changes on food production. However, models have rarely been tested for effects on crops of [CO2] and drought for different climatic conditions due to limited data available from field experiments.Simulations of the effects of elevated [CO2] and drought on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from three crop simulation models (LINTULCC2, AFRCWHEAT2, Sirius), which differ in structure and mechanistic detail, were compared with observations. These were from 2 years of free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) experiments in Maricopa, Arizona and 2 years of standardised (in crop management and soil conditions) open-top chamber (OTC) experiments in Braunschweig and Giessen, Germany. In a simulation exercise, models were used to assess the possible impact of increased [CO2] on wheat yields measured between 1987 and 1999 at one farm site in the drought prone region of Andalucia, south Spain.The models simulated well final biomass (BM), grain yield (GY), cumulative evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) of wheat grown in the FACE experiments but simulations were unsatisfactory for OTC experiments. Radiation use efficiency (RUE) and yield responses to [CO2] and drought were on average higher in OTC than in FACE experiments. However, there was large variation among OTC experiments. Plant growth in OTCs was probably modified by several factors related to plot size, the use (or not use) of border plants, airflow pattern, modification of radiation balance and/or restriction of rooting volume that were not included in the models. Variation in farm yields in south Spain was partly explained by the models, but sources of unexplained yield variation could not be identified and were most likely related to effects of pests and diseases that were not included in the models. Simulated GY in south Spain increased in the range between 30 and 65% due to doubling [CO2]. The simulated increase was larger when a [CO2]xdrought interaction was assumed (LINTULCC2, AFRCWHEAT2) than when it was not (Sirius).It was concluded that crop simulation models are able to reproduce wheat growth and yield for different [CO2] and drought treatments in a field environment. However, there is still uncertainty about the combined effects of [CO2] and drought including the timing of drought stress and about relationships that determine yield variation at farm and larger scales that require further investigation including model testing.

AU - Ewert, F. AU - Rodriguez, D. AU - Jamieson, P. AU - Semenov, M. A. AU - Mitchell, R. A. C. AU - Goudriaan, J. AU - Porter, J. R. AU - Kimball, B. A. AU - Pinter, P. J. AU - Manderscheid, R. AU - Weigel, H. J. AU - Fangmeier, A. AU - Fereres, E. AU - Villalobos, F. IS - 1 KW - Wheat Crop simulation models CO2 Drought Climatic conditions N1 - doi:10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00352-8 PY - 2002 SP - 249-266 ST - Effects of elevated CO2 and drought on wheat: testing crop simulation models for different experimental and climatic conditions T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment TI - Effects of elevated CO2 and drought on wheat: testing crop simulation models for different experimental and climatic conditions UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/01678809/2002/00000093/00000001/art00352 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00352-8 VL - 93 ID - 865 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Eybl, J, Godina,R. AU - Lalk, P. AU - Lorenz, P. AU - Müller, G. 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LB - fa97 PY - 1997 SP - 46 ST - CROPWAT-A computer program for irrigation planning and management T2 - FAO irrigation and drainage paper TI - CROPWAT-A computer program for irrigation planning and management ID - 875 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.E, Harrell PY - 2001 ST - Regression modelling strategies. Springer, New York. TI - Regression modelling strategies. Springer, New York ID - 876 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F., F.Nobilis AU - R., Godina PY - 2006 SP - 51 ST - Extreme Trockenheit in Österreich: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, v. Heft 3-4, p. S. 51 T2 - Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft TI - Extreme Trockenheit in Österreich VL - Heft 3-4 ID - 877 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.Nobilis, and R. Godina PY - 2006 ST - Extreme Trockenheit in Österreich: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, v. Heft 3-4, p. S. 51 TI - Extreme Trockenheit in Österreich: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, v. Heft 3-4, p. S. 51 ID - 878 ER - TY - THES AU - Faber, F. LB - faber1982 PB - Univ. f. Bodenkultur, Wien. PY - 1982 ST - Historische, Politische und Rechtliche Aspekte im Weinbau unter Besonderer Berücksichtigung Von Niederösterreich. TI - Historische, Politische und Rechtliche Aspekte im Weinbau unter Besonderer Berücksichtigung Von Niederösterreich ID - 879 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Faber, J. PY - 2007 SP - 20-21 ST - Wo geht`s zum Strand T2 - bulletin der ÖW TI - Wo geht`s zum Strand VL - Mai 2007 ID - 880 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 5 ST - Der heutige Stand der Engerlingsbekämpfung T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Der heutige Stand der Engerlingsbekämpfung VL - 4 ID - 881 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 3-4 ST - Erfahrungen über Maikäfer-Großbekämpfungsaktionen T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Erfahrungen über Maikäfer-Großbekämpfungsaktionen VL - 4 ID - 882 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 2-3 ST - Über die Lebensweise und Entwicklung des Maikäfers T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Über die Lebensweise und Entwicklung des Maikäfers VL - 4 ID - 883 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 6-7 ST - Wie erkennen wir die Engerlinge schädlicher Blatthornkäferarten T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Wie erkennen wir die Engerlinge schädlicher Blatthornkäferarten VL - 4 ID - 884 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 1/10 PY - 1961 SP - 101-146 ST - Ergebnisse zehnjähriger Erhebungen über die Flugjahre des Maikäfers (Melolontha melolontha L. und M. hippocastani F.) in Österreich T2 - Pflanzenschutz Berichte TI - Ergebnisse zehnjähriger Erhebungen über die Flugjahre des Maikäfers (Melolontha melolontha L. und M. hippocastani F.) in Österreich VL - 27 ID - 885 ER - TY - BOOK AU - FABER, W. AU - ZWATZ, B. CY - Wien ET - 3. Aufl. PB - Bundesanstalt für Pflanzenschutz PY - 1978 ST - Wichtige Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Getreide- und Maisbau TI - Wichtige Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Getreide- und Maisbau ID - 886 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Faccoli, M. LB - facc02 PY - 2002 SP - 62-68 ST - Winter mortality in sub-corticolous populations of Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) and its parasitoids in the south-eastern Alps T2 - J.Pest Science TI - Winter mortality in sub-corticolous populations of Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) and its parasitoids in the south-eastern Alps VL - 75 ID - 887 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Faccoli, Massimo DA - 2013/03/07 DO - 10.1603/022.038.0202 IS - 2 N1 - doi: 10.1603/022.038.0202 PY - 2009 SN - 0046-225X SP - 307-316 ST - Effect of Weather on Ips typographus (Coleoptera Curculionidae) Phenology, Voltinism, and Associated Spruce Mortality in the Southeastern Alps T2 - Environmental Entomology TI - Effect of Weather on Ips typographus (Coleoptera Curculionidae) Phenology, Voltinism, and Associated Spruce Mortality in the Southeastern Alps UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/022.038.0202 VL - 38 ID - 888 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Within the European Community snow damage affects an estimated 4 million m3 of timber every year, causing significant economic losses to forest owners. In Northern Europe, for example, the occurrence of snow damage has increased over the last few decades mainly due to the increase in total growing stock. The most common form of damage is stem breakage, but trees can also be bent or uprooted. Trees suffering snow damage are also more prone to consequential damage through insect or fungal attacks. Snow accumulation on trees is strongly dependent upon weather and climatological conditions. Temperature influences the moisture content of snow and therefore the degree to which it can accumulate on branches. Wind can cause snow to be shed, but can also lead to large accumulations of wet snow, rime or freezing rain. Wet snow is most likely in late autumn or early spring. Geographic location and topography influence the occurrence of damaging forms of snow, and coastal locations and moderate to high elevations experience large accumulations. Slope plays a less important role and the evidence on the role of aspect is contradictory. The occurrence of damaging events can vary from every winter to once every 10 years or so depending upon regional climatology. In the future, assuming global warming in northern latitudes, the risk of snow damage could increase, because the relative occurrence of snowfall near temperatures of zero could increase. The severity of snow damage is related to tree characteristics. Stem taper and crown characteristics are the most important factors controlling the stability of trees. Slightly tapering stems, asymmetric crowns, and rigid horizontal branching are all associated with high risk. However, the evidence on species differences is less clear due to the interaction with location. Management of forests can alter risk through choice of regeneration, tending, thinning and rotation. However, quantification and comparison of the absolute effect of these measures is not yet possible. An integrated risk model is required to allow the various locational and silvicultural factors to be assessed. Plans are presented to construct such a model, and gaps in knowledge are highlighted. AU - conditions, Factors affecting snow damage of trees with particular reference to European IS - 2 PY - 1997 SE - 193 SN - 0037-5330 SP - 193-213 ST - Nykänen, Marja-Leena; Peltola, Heli; Quine, Christopher; Kellomäki, Seppo; Broadgate, Marianne T2 - Silva Fennica TI - Nykänen, Marja-Leena; Peltola, Heli; Quine, Christopher; Kellomäki, Seppo; Broadgate, Marianne UR - http://hdl.handle.net/1975/8519 VL - 31 ID - 889 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fahey, J.W. AU - Zalcmann, A.T. AU - Talalay, P. PY - 2001 SE - 5 SP - 5-51 ST - The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants. T2 - Phytochemistry TI - The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants. VL - 56 ID - 3342 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Decomposition of roots of Acer saccharum, Betula alleghaniensis, Fagus grandifolia and Picea rubens in a northern hardwood ecosystem was measured following whole-tree harvest of watershed 5 at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Decay of fine roots was initially rapid but declined abruptly after the 1st summer. Ash-free weight loss from small woody roots decreased with increasing root diameter and was much slower than decay rates for corresponding aboveground tissues. Weight loss rates among species generally were not significantly different, but large woody roots (10-100 mm diameter) of sugar maple decayed much more rapidly than the other species. Rapid release of K and Mg was observed for all roots. Initially high rates of N and P release were observed for fine roots, whereas these nutrients were effectively retained in decaying woody roots. Retention of Ca was observed for all roots; significant accumulation of Ca was observed in the larger size classes of woody roots. Particularly for N and K, release from decaying roots was an important nutrient flux pathway supplying stream outflow and vegetation regrowth in the first two years following forest harvest. -from Authors AD - Dept. of Natural Resources Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. AU - Fahey, T. J. AU - Hughes, J. W. AU - Pu, M. AU - Arthur, M. A. DB - Scopus IS - 3 KW - decomposition nutrient flux root USA, New Hampshire, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):126 PY - 1988 SN - 0015749X SP - 744-768 ST - Root decomposition and nutrient flux following whole-tree harvest of northern hardwood forest T2 - Forest Science TI - Root decomposition and nutrient flux following whole-tree harvest of northern hardwood forest UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0024186856&partnerID=40&md5=a7b76e409f7313e44fabb68008fdce50 VL - 34 ID - 3418 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 60 AU - Falloon, Pete AU - Betts, Richard IS - 23 KW - Adaptation agriculture climate change Europe Mitigation water management N1 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.05.002 00489697 SP - 5667 ST - Climate impacts on European agriculture and water management in the context of adaptation and mitigation—The importance of an integrated approach T2 - Science of The Total Environment TI - Climate impacts on European agriculture and water management in the context of adaptation and mi